stomach & pancreas

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What is the primary function of the stomach in the digestion process?

Storage and mechanical breakdown of food

Chemical digestion and conversion of food into chyme (correct)

Secretion of hormones to regulate appetite

Absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream

What is the location of the pyloric end of the stomach?

In the upper left part of the abdomen

At the level of T11 vertebra

In the lower right part of the abdomen

At the level of L1 vertebra (correct)

What is the function of the lesser omentum in relation to the stomach?

It surrounds the cardiac orifice of the stomach

It gives attachment to the greater curvature of the stomach

It separates the stomach from the duodenum

It gives attachment to the lesser curvature of the stomach (correct)

What is the name of the groove formed temporarily by the gastric rugae along the lesser curvature during swallowing?

Gastric canal Signup and view all the answers

What is the source of the parasympathetic nerve supply to the stomach?

Anterior and posterior vagal trunks Signup and view all the answers

During embryonic development, what happens to the stomach as it rotates around its longitudinal axis?

It rotates 90⁰ around its longitudinal axis, resulting in the left side facing anteriorly and the right side facing posteriorly Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the protrusion of part of the stomach into the thorax through the esophageal opening of the diaphragm?

Hiatal hernia Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the fold of mucous membrane that disappears when the stomach is distended?

Gastric rugae Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following arteries is NOT a branch of the coeliac trunk that supplies the stomach?

Gastroduodenal artery Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the failure of the smooth muscle fibers encircling the pyloric canal to relax normally?

Pylorospasm Signup and view all the answers

A posterior gastric ulcer may erode through the stomach wall into which organ, resulting in referred pain to the back?

Pancreas Signup and view all the answers

What is the shape of the pancreas?

J-shaped Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the exocrine part of the pancreas?

Secretion of pancreatic juice into the duodenum Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the pancreas has a projection called the uncinate process?

Head Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the artery that supplies blood to the neck of the pancreas?

Splenic artery Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the duct that carries the secretions from the exocrine part of the pancreas to the second part of the duodenum?

Main pancreatic duct Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the sphincter that surrounds the termination of the bile duct?

Sphincter of the bile duct Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the nerve that supplies the pancreas with parasympathetic fibers?

Vagus nerve Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the surgery that involves the removal of most of the pancreas?

Pancreatectomy Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of rupture of the pancreas due to a sudden, severe, forceful compression of the abdomen?

Pancreatic juice entering the parenchyma of the gland Signup and view all the answers