Anatomy 2: Hyoid Bone & Vertebral Column

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Questions and Answers

What is the hyoid bone?

A bone made up of three parts

A flat bone located in the chest

A bone found in the arm

A singular U-shaped bone (correct)

The hyoid bone is unique because it ______.

is the only bone of the body that does not articulate with any other bone.

What is the function of the hyoid bone?

Acts as an attachment site for muscles associated with swallowing.

Does the hyoid bone articulate with any other bone?

False Signup and view all the answers

What suspends the hyoid bone from the styloid process of the temporal bone?

Ligaments and muscles. Signup and view all the answers

How many vertebrae are there in the adult vertebral column?

26 Signup and view all the answers

How many vertebrae are there in the infant vertebral column?

33 Signup and view all the answers

What are the five regions/types of vertebrae?

Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal. Signup and view all the answers

How many vertebrae are there in the cervical region?

<ol start="7"> <li></li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

How many vertebrae are there in the thoracic region?

<ol start="12"> <li></li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

How many vertebrae does the lumbar region have?

<ol start="5"> <li></li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

How many vertebrae are there in the sacral region of the adult?

<ol> <li></li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

How many vertebrae are there in the sacral region of an infant?

<ol start="5"> <li></li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

How many vertebrae are there in the coccygeal region of the adult?

<ol> <li></li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

How many vertebrae are there in the coccygeal region in the infant?

<ol start="4"> <li></li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What are the cervical vertebrae?

C1-C7 Signup and view all the answers

What is a transverse foramen?

An opening only found in the cervical vertebrae. Signup and view all the answers

What is the vertebral foramen?

Canal through which the spinal cord passes. Signup and view all the answers

What articulates with the occipital condyles of the skull?

The atlas (C1). Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of C1?

To support the skull. Signup and view all the answers

Which vertebra has no body and no spinous process?

The atlas (C1). Signup and view all the answers

What is C2 also known as?

The Axis. Signup and view all the answers

What cervical vertebra contains the dens process?

C2 a.k.a. the Axis. Signup and view all the answers

Which process articulates with C1?

Dens process (a.k.a. Odontoid process). Signup and view all the answers

What is a tooth or peg-like process that projects upwards?

Odontoid process. Signup and view all the answers

What defines C3-C6?

Bifid spinous process Signup and view all the answers

C7 is also known as?

Cervical prominent. Signup and view all the answers

Why is C7 considered the most prominent vertebra?

It has a large non-bifid spinous process. Signup and view all the answers

What defines thoracic vertebrae?

T1-T12 Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Hyoid Bone

A singular, U-shaped bone located anterior to C4 in the cervical region, situated inferior to the mandible and superior to the larynx.
Unique in that it does not articulate with any other bone in the body.
Functions as an attachment site for muscles related to swallowing, the tongue, and neck muscles.
Suspended from the styloid process of the temporal bone by ligaments and muscles.

Vertebral Column

Comprises a flexible structure of 26 vertebrae in adults and 33 in infants.
Allows movement in various directions: anteriorly, posteriorly, and laterally.
Functions include enclosing and protecting the spinal cord, supporting the head, and serving as an attachment for ribs.
Divided into five regions: cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal.

Regions of the Vertebral Column

Cervical region contains 7 vertebrae (C1-C7).
Thoracic region consists of 12 vertebrae (T1-T12).
Lumbar region has 5 vertebrae.
Sacral region includes 1 vertebra in adults, while infants have 5.
Coccygeal region has 1 vertebra in adults and 4 in infants.

Cervical Vertebrae

Distinctive features include smaller bodies and the presence of three foramina: vertebral foramen and transverse foramen.
The atlas (C1) supports the skull and articulates with the occipital condyles without a body or spinous process.
The axis (C2) has a bifid spinous process, lacks a body, and contains the odontoid process (dens) which allows head pivoting.

Specific Features of Vertebrae

Transverse foramen: Unique to cervical vertebrae, facilitating passage of the vertebral artery, vein, and nerve.
Vertebral foramen: A canal through which the spinal cord passes.
C7, known as cervical prominens, is the most prominent cervical vertebra due to its large non-bifid spinous process.

Additional Notes on Vertebrae

C3-C6: Characterized by a body and bifid spinous processes.
Dens process, or odontoid process, is a tooth-like projection that articulates with the atlas (C1), allowing for rotational movement of the head.

Summary of Vertebral Anatomy

C1 (Atlas): Supports the skull and lacks a body and spinous process.
C2 (Axis): Key for head pivoting with the odontoid process; has a bifid spinous process.
Thoracic vertebrae (T1-T12) are larger than cervical vertebrae, with spinous processes projecting inferiorly and articulating with the ribs.

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Description

This quiz covers essential information about the hyoid bone, vertebral column, sternum, and ribs. Test your knowledge with flashcards that provide definitions and details about these critical anatomical structures. Perfect for students studying human anatomy!