Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following structures is NOT part of the renal system?
Which of the following structures is NOT part of the renal system?
- Urethra
- Bladder
- Adrenal glands (correct)
- Ureters
Where are the kidneys located in the human body?
Where are the kidneys located in the human body?
- Retroperitoneally (correct)
- Infraperitoneally
- Intraperitoneally
- Anteroperitoneally
Which structure is the primary exit point for the renal vein, lymphatic vessels, and ureter from the kidney?
Which structure is the primary exit point for the renal vein, lymphatic vessels, and ureter from the kidney?
- Medulla
- Hilus (correct)
- Cortex
- Renal pelvis
What two main regions can be distinguished within the kidney?
What two main regions can be distinguished within the kidney?
Which of the following is the correct order of blood flow through the kidney?
Which of the following is the correct order of blood flow through the kidney?
Approximate what percentage of the cardiac output do the kidneys receive?
Approximate what percentage of the cardiac output do the kidneys receive?
What is the approximate weight range of a kidney?
What is the approximate weight range of a kidney?
What structure is found within the renal sinus?
What structure is found within the renal sinus?
What type of blood do efferent arterioles contain?
What type of blood do efferent arterioles contain?
What is the area of lighter color that surrounds the medulla?
What is the area of lighter color that surrounds the medulla?
The renal artery branches multiple times after entering the kidney, eventually leading to which type of arteries?
The renal artery branches multiple times after entering the kidney, eventually leading to which type of arteries?
What would the arteriole be called if the glomerulus capillaries were to come together in any other organ?
What would the arteriole be called if the glomerulus capillaries were to come together in any other organ?
About how much blood flows through the kidneys per minute?
About how much blood flows through the kidneys per minute?
The hilus contains the location in which the renal artery and nerves enter the kidney. What else leaves the kidney at this location?
The hilus contains the location in which the renal artery and nerves enter the kidney. What else leaves the kidney at this location?
How many pyramids does the medulla consist of?
How many pyramids does the medulla consist of?
Flashcards
Renal System
Renal System
The renal system consists of two kidneys, adrenal glands, ureters, a bladder, and a urethra.
Kidney Location
Kidney Location
The kidneys lie behind the peritoneum in the abdominal cavity, near the first lumbar vertebra.
Renal Hilus
Renal Hilus
The depression in the kidney where blood vessels, nerves, and the ureter enter or exit.
Renal Cortex
Renal Cortex
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Renal Medulla
Renal Medulla
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Renal Pelvis
Renal Pelvis
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Interlobular Arteries
Interlobular Arteries
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Afferent Arterioles
Afferent Arterioles
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Efferent Arterioles
Efferent Arterioles
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Study Notes
- De nieren maken deel uit van het renale systeem, dat bestaat uit twee nieren, bijnieren, ureteren, een blaas en een urethra.
- De lage urinewegen beginnen bij de blaas en hebben de urethra als uitgang.
- De nieren liggen retroperitoneaal ter hoogte van de eerste lumbale wervel.
- Een nier weegt tussen de 115 en 170 gram en beslaat ongeveer een half procent van het totale lichaamsgewicht.
- De rechternier ligt iets meer naar caudaal dan de linker nier vanwege de grootte van de lever.
- Elke nier is omringd door een fibreus kapsel en bevat onderdelen zoals de hilus, medulla, cortex en het nierbekken.
- De hilus is de plek waar de nierarterie en -zenuwen de nier binnenkomen, en de niervene, lymfevaten en ureter de nier verlaten.
- De medulla bestaat uit acht tot achttien piramiden.
- De cortex is het lichter gekleurde gebied om de medulla heen.
- Het nierbekken (pelvis renalis) staat in verbinding met de ureter.
- De hilus opent in de sinus renalis, die het nierbekken en de calices majores en minores (nierkelken) bevat.
- Door de sinus lopen ook zenuwen en bloedvaten.
Vasculaire systeem
- De nieren ontvangen ongeveer 20% van de cardiac output, wat neerkomt op 1 L/min aan bloed.
- Deze hoge doorbloeding maakt ultrafiltratie in de glomeruli mogelijk.
- De a. renalis vertakt zich in intralobulaire arteriën.
- Intralobulaire arteriën komen de cortex binnen en vormen afferente arteriolen (vas afferens).
- Afferente arteriolen komen uit in de glomerulaire capillairen, die weer samenkomen tot efferente arteriolen (vas efferens).
- Efferente arteriolen zijn zuurstofrijk en leveren zuurstof en voedingsstoffen aan de nefronen in het oppervlakkige deel van de cortex.
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