31 Questions
What is the function of lamina dura?
It's the bony wall of the tooth socket and surrounds the PDL
Which structure is composed of cancellous and cortical bone and supports the tooth?
Alveolar bone
What is the typical appearance of nasal fossa in radiographs?
A R-O band that separates the right and left nasal fossa
What does the incisive foramen transmit?
Nasopalatine vessels and nerves
Which anatomical structure forms a complete septa dividing the maxillary sinus into individual compartments in 1-10% of cases?
Maxillary sinus
What causes small elevations into the floor of the maxillary sinus in periapical radiographs?
Root apices
What is the function of genial tubercle?
To visualize it on standard mandibular occlusal film
Which structure extends posteriorly from the inferior border of the zygomatic process of maxilla?
Zygomatic bone
What is frequently apparent on periapical film of the maxillary molars region?
Coronoid process
What does the symphysis suture fuse by the end of the first year of life?
Mental fossa
What is well visualized on standard mandibular occlusal film as one or more projections?
Genial tubercle
What is the apparent location of the mental foramen on radiographs?
At the level of apices of the 2nd premolar
Which structure does the mylohyoid ridge attach to?
Mylohyoid muscle
What is the main characteristic of nutrient canals on radiographs?
Running vertically from the inf. dental canal to the apex of tooth
Where is the submandibular gland fossa located?
Below the mylohyoid ridge
What is a distinguishing feature of an external oblique ridge on radiographs?
Near the alveolar crest in the mandibular 3rd molar region
What is the defining characteristic of an inferior border of the mandible on radiographs?
A dense, broad, R-O band
On panoramic radiographs, what type of image results from a single anatomical structure?
Single Real Image
What causes a ghost image on radiographs?
Dense anatomical structures like the mandible
What is a distinguishing characteristic of a ghost image on radiographs?
Larger and projected higher on film
What does Zone 5 correspond to on panoramic/orthopantomogram (OPG) images?
Inferior border of Mandible
What does Zone 3 correspond to on panoramic/orthopantomogram (OPG) images?
Ramus & spine
What does Zone 4 correspond to on panoramic/orthopantomogram (OPG) images?
Hyoid bone
What is the densest part of the tooth?
Enamel
Which part of the tooth is difficult to see in poor contrast radiographs?
Dentin
What is the function of the PDL (Periodontal Ligament) space?
To attach the tooth to the surrounding bone
Which structure is composed primarily of collagen and forms a radiolucent space between the root and itself?
Periodontal ligament space
What is the purpose of the alveolar crest in supporting dental structures?
To anchor the teeth to the jawbone
What is the primary component of cementum, making it difficult to be seen?
Collagen
Where is the pulp chamber located in relation to the tooth?
In the center of the tooth
Which part of the tooth has a fine edge at the CEJ (Cementoenamel junction)?
Enamel
Study Notes
Bone and Supporting Structures
- Lamina dura is a thin layer of compact bone that lines the socket and supports the tooth.
- The alveolar process is composed of cancellous and cortical bone and supports the tooth.
- The genial tubercle provides attachment sites for muscles and ligaments that support the mandible.
- The mylohyoid ridge attaches to the mandible.
Sinus and Nasal Fossa
- Nasal fossa typically appears as a dark, radiolucent area on radiographs.
- The maxillary sinus is divided into individual compartments by a complete septa in 1-10% of cases.
- Small elevations into the floor of the maxillary sinus on periapical radiographs are caused by the maxillary sinus mucosa.
- The incisive foramen transmits the nasopalatine nerve and vessels.
Radiographic Appearance
- The mental foramen appears as a radiolucent area on radiographs, typically located between the first and second premolars.
- The submandibular gland fossa is located on the lingual aspect of the mandible, below the mandibular canal.
- The external oblique ridge appears as a radiopaque, curved line on radiographs.
- The inferior border of the mandible appears as a radiopaque, continuous line on radiographs.
- On panoramic radiographs, a single anatomical structure can produce a double image, known as a ghost image.
- Ghost images are characterized by a less intense, overlapping image of the original structure.
Panoramic/Orthopantomogram (OPG) Images
- Zone 5 on panoramic/OPG images corresponds to the mandible.
- Zone 3 on panoramic/OPG images corresponds to the maxillary sinuses.
- Zone 4 on panoramic/OPG images corresponds to the zygomatic arches.
Tooth Structure
- The pulp chamber is located in the center of the tooth, above the root canal.
- Cementum is composed primarily of collagen, making it difficult to see on radiographs.
- The periodontal ligament (PDL) space is a radiolucent space between the root and surrounding bone.
- The PDL space allows for tooth movement and provides a pathway for vessels and nerves.
- The enamel is the densest part of the tooth.
- The enamel-cementum junction (ECJ) has a fine edge.
Sutures
- The symphysis suture fuses by the end of the first year of life.
Test your knowledge of anatomical landmarks and teeth supporting structures with this quiz based on the lecture by Dr. Noha El-kersh, a Lecturer of Oral & Maxillofacial Radiology. Questions cover topics such as teeth anatomy, enamel, dentin, cementum, and supporting structures of maxilla and mandible.
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