18 Questions
What is the primary function of anatomical barriers in the body?
To prevent the entry of microorganisms into the body
Which of the following physiological barriers provides immunity by maintaining a high body temperature?
Birds
What is the function of lysozyme in the body?
To cleave bacterial cell walls
Which of the following is an example of a chemical barrier in the body?
Lysozyme
What is the function of acidity in the stomach?
To kill most ingested bacteria
What is the function of nasal hair in the body?
To filter out microbes from dust in the nose
What is the function of histamine in the inflammatory response?
Increases the permeability of blood capillaries
Which type of cell is responsible for recognizing and ingesting foreign substances?
Macrophages
What is the mechanism by which phagocytic cells migrate towards microorganisms?
Chemotaxis
What is the fate of the microorganism after being ingested by a phagocytic cell?
It is digested by hydrolytic enzymes
What is the function of complement proteins in the immune response?
They lyse bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and fungi
What is the outcome of the fusion of phagosome and lysosome?
The formation of phagolysosome and digestion of the microorganism
What is the ability to discriminate among different molecular entities and respond only to those uniquely required responses?
Specificity
Which cells are responsible for processing and presenting antigen to T-cells?
Macrophages and dendritic cells
What is the term for the ability to recognize and respond to molecules that are foreign (non-self) and avoid making a response to those molecules that are self?
Discrimination
Where do T-cell precursors undergo critical maturation steps?
Thymus
What is the property shared with the nervous system that allows the immune system to recall previous contact with a foreign molecule?
Memory
What is the result of antigen-presenting cells processing protein antigens intracellularly?
A constellation of peptides that noncovalently bind to MHC molecules
This quiz covers the physical and chemical barriers of the body, including skin and mucous membranes, which act as the first line of defense against pathogens. Learn about their role in preventing microbial entry and how they contribute to innate immunity.
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