18 Questions
What anatomical and physiological features predispose young children to frequent respiratory diseases?
Narrow and short upper respiratory tract and relative dryness of mucous membranes
Which of the following is a cause of prenatal malnutrition?
Threat of miscarriage in the 1st month
What are considered endogenous causes of dystrophy in young children?
Malabsorption syndrome
Which of the following is considered an exogenous cause of malnutrition in young children?
Pylorospasm and pyloric stenosis
What is a complication of bronchial asthma?
Pneumofibrosis
What causes respiratory failure during an attack of bronchial asthma?
Bronchospasm
What are the features of the course of an asthma attack in young children?
Predominance of the vasosecretory component
What is the basis for the formation of exudative-catarrhal diathesis in a child?
Decreased barrier function of the gastrointestinal tract
What are the causes of hypervitaminosis D?
Overdose of vitamin D; determination of calcium and phosphorus in the blood
Which methods are used for diagnosing rickets?
Determination of calcium and phosphorus in the blood; Sulkowicz test
What is included in the antenatal nonspecific prevention of rickets?
Ural Federal District; good nutrition
What is part of the specific therapy for rickets?
Vitamin D oil solution; alcohol solution of vitamin D
What enzymes are included in gastric juice?
Pepsin + rennet + lipase + amylase
What causes physiological jaundice in newborns?
Hemolysis of red blood cells + cholestasis + functional immaturity of the liver
What is a characteristic of cholestasis syndrome?
Jaundice + hepatomegaly + telangiectasia
What are the causes of vomiting in newborns and infants?
Horizontal position of the stomach + weakness of the cardiac sphincter + smooth gastric mucosa
What are additional indicators of physical development?
Body length + turgor and skin elasticity
What are the main causes of rickets in children?
Insufficient intake of vitamin D from food; + insufficient formation of vitamin D in the skin; + impaired hydrolysis and absorption of vitamin D in the intestine; + deficiency of calcium, protein and other vitamins
Test your knowledge on the anatomical and physiological features of the lungs in young children and how they predispose children to frequent respiratory diseases. Explore topics such as insufficient drainage function, mucous membrane tendencies, vascularization, and more.
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