28 Questions
Which method shows more variability among its measurements?
Method B
Which method suggests lower precision compared to the other?
Method B
At a 95% interval, which method is more accurate?
Method A
What is the purpose of the 'Albumin Tester' developed by the researchers?
To detect early occurrence of kidney disease
What is the Lower Limit of Detection (LLOD)?
The lowest concentration of an analyte that can be reliably detected but not necessarily quantified
What do blank measurements using a saline solution help to establish?
Variability of the urine sample measurements
What is the purpose of performing control measurements using a saline solution?
To establish a baseline for detecting analyte concentration
What is indicated by a larger standard deviation in Method B's measurements?
Lower precision compared to Method A
What is the purpose of the blocking step in the ELISA process?
To prevent nonspecific binding on any remaining surface of the microplate
Which enzyme is commonly used in ELISA as an enzyme-linked antibody?
Horseradish peroxidase (HRP)
What substance is commonly used as a blocking agent in the ELISA process?
Bovine serum albumin (BSA)
During which step is the microplate coated with an antigen or an antibody specific to the cytokine of interest?
Coating
What is the purpose of washing the plate in the ELISA process?
To remove unbound substances and reduce background noise
What occurs if the cytokine is present in the samples during the ELISA process?
Formation of an immune complex with the coated antibody or antigen
What is added to the plate as enzyme-conjugated antibodies in the ELISA process?
Horseradish peroxidase (HRP)
What is measured using antibodies and enzymes in the ELISA process?
Concentration of a specific antigen
What does a flatter curve in terms of analytical sensitivity indicate?
Lower analytical sensitivity
In the context of analytical sensitivity, what does a steeper slope indicate?
Higher analytical sensitivity
What is the purpose of comparing the performance of a new microliter-based spectrophotometer to the well-established NanoDrop?
To assess the performance relative to an established instrument
In the given context, what does it mean when larger changes in concentration are needed to produce noticeable differences in absorbance?
Lower analytical sensitivity
What does the steepness of curves in spectrophotometry graphs indicate?
The speed of the absorbance changes with respect to concentration changes
What is the significance of a steeper curve on a concentration-absorbance graph?
Higher sensitivity at lower concentrations
How is analytical sensitivity related to the steepness of the curves on concentration-absorbance graphs?
Low analytical sensitivity leads to steeper curves
What is the relationship between concentration and measured absorbance typically represented as in spectrophotometry?
Curve on a graph
How does a more sensitive instrument behave towards small variations in absorbance?
It captures small variations in absorbance at all concentrations
What does a flat curve on a concentration-absorbance graph indicate about the analytical sensitivity?
Low analytical sensitivity
In spectrophotometry, what does the ability of the instrument to detect and respond to changes in concentration refer to?
Analytical sensitivity
What kind of change in absorbance does a steeper curve on a graph indicate for each incremental change in concentration?
Rapid change
This quiz compares the analytical sensitivity of NanoVue and NanoDrop instruments. It covers the concept of analytical sensitivity and its relation to the coefficient of the slope on concentration-absorbance graphs. The quiz provides answers for the five assays reported in the document.
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