Analytical Chemistry

Study Notes

Gravimetric Analysis

Gravimetric analysis is a quantitative analytical technique used to determine the amount of a substance by measuring its mass.
It is a method of analysis that involves the measurement of the weight of a substance, usually in the form of a precipitate or a residue.
The purpose of gravimetric analysis is to determine the amount of a substance present in a sample, usually to quantify the amount of an analyte.

Advantages of Gravimetric Analysis

High accuracy and precision due to the measurement of mass, which is a fundamental physical property.
Can be used to analyze a wide range of substances, including metal ions, anions, and organic compounds.
Does not require a lot of expertise or specialized equipment.

Disadvantages of Gravimetric Analysis

Time-consuming and labor-intensive, as it requires the careful measurement of the weight of a substance.
Requires a high degree of precision and accuracy, as small errors in measurement can result in large errors in the final result.
Limited to the analysis of substances that can be precipitated or converted into a solid residue.

Requirements for Gravimetric Analysis

A high degree of precision and accuracy in the measurement of mass.
A careful and controlled experimental procedure to ensure that the substance is precipitated or converted into a solid residue in a reproducible manner.
A thorough understanding of the principles of gravimetric analysis and the chemistry of the substance being analyzed.

Applications of Gravimetric Analysis

Widely used in analytical chemistry, materials science, and biological research.
Used to determine the amounts of metals, anions, and organic compounds in a wide range of samples.
Used to analyze the purity of substances, such as pharmaceuticals and chemicals.

pH Metrology

pH metrology is the science of measuring the pH of a solution.
pH is a measure of the acidity or basicity of a solution.
pH is defined as the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration.

Potentiometry

Potentiometry is an electroanalytical technique used to measure the potential of an electrochemical cell.
It is used to determine the concentration of an analyte in a solution.
The potential of the cell is measured by comparing it to a reference electrode.

Single Beam Spectrophotometry

Single beam spectrophotometry is a technique used to measure the absorbance of light by a sample.
It is used to determine the concentration of an analyte in a solution.
The absorbance of light is measured by passing a beam of light through the sample and measuring the decrease in intensity.

Description

Test your knowledge on the general principles of chemical analysis, including gravimetry, pH metry, potentiometry, and spectroscopy. Learn about the principles, instrumentation, calibration, and applications of these analytical techniques. Explore the different types of chromatography and get an introduction to GLC, SEM, TEM, and AFM. Understand the advantages and disadvantages of these analytical methods.