chapter 48 quiz 2 Analytic Tools in Acid-Base Chemistry Blood Gas Analysis

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What does blood gas (ABG) analysis provide immediate information on?

Patient's neurological system

Patient's cardiovascular system

Patient's respiratory system (correct)

Patient's digestive system

Which of the following measurements augments the diagnostic sensitivity of blood gas analysis?

Blood pressure

Urine output

Blood glucose and lactate (correct)

Body temperature

Which approach utilizes the interrelationship between PaCO2 and [HCO3−] to detect and diagnose acid-base abnormalities?

Qualitative approach

Quantitative approach

Descriptive approach (correct)

Semi-quantitative approach

Which concept is included in the semi-quantitative approach in acid-base balance?

Buffer base (BB) concept Signup and view all the answers

Which approach is likely to dominate the clinical approach to acid-base chemistry over time?

Quantitative approach Signup and view all the answers

which one is the simple AG equation

([Na + ] − [Cl − ] + [HCO − ]) Signup and view all the answers

Which gap variant takes into account potassium and lactate among other ions?

Anion gap (modern) Signup and view all the answers

What does a delta ratio greater than 2 indicate?

Mixed acid-base abnormalities Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of an acidosis when the anion gap widens to over 20 mEq/L?

Renal acids or ketones Signup and view all the answers

In the context of metabolic acidosis, what does the delta ratio of less than 0.4 indicate?

Presence of hyperchloremic acidosis Signup and view all the answers

Which tool accurately quantifies metabolic acidosis by compensating for hypoalbuminemia?

Corrected anion gap Signup and view all the answers

What is the significant limitation associated with the anion gap?

Underestimates metabolic disturbance Signup and view all the answers

'The sum of the difference in charge of the common extracellular ions reveals an unaccounted for 'gap' of -10 to -12 mEq/L.' This unaccounted gap is mainly caused by which components?

Weak acids like phosphate and albumin Signup and view all the answers

In acute respiratory acidosis, how much does [HCO3−] increase for every 10 mm Hg elevation in PaCO2 above 40 mm Hg?

1 mEq/L Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula to determine the expected PaCO2 in acute metabolic acidosis using the [HCO3−] value?

$1.5 \times [HCO3^-] + 8$ Signup and view all the answers

What does an increase in [HCO3−] concentration in chronic hypoventilation actually reflect?

Increased total CO2 in the body Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential pitfall of the PCO2-HCO3− approach?

Requires mental arithmetic and learning formulas Signup and view all the answers

What happens to PaCO2 in metabolic alkalosis as a result of hypoventilation?

It falls predictably Signup and view all the answers

What happens to PaCO2 for every 1 mEq/L reduction in base excess according to Winters' BE approach?

It decreases by 1 mm Hg Signup and view all the answers

What is the expected PaCO2 value if a patient has a [HCO3−] level of 28 mmol/L according to the metabolic alkalosis formula?

32.6 mm Hg Signup and view all the answers

chapter 48 quiz 2 Analytic Tools in Acid-Base Chemistry Blood Gas Analysis

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Questions and Answers

What does blood gas (ABG) analysis provide immediate information on?

Which of the following measurements augments the diagnostic sensitivity of blood gas analysis?

Which approach utilizes the interrelationship between PaCO2 and [HCO3−] to detect and diagnose acid-base abnormalities?

Which concept is included in the semi-quantitative approach in acid-base balance?

Which approach is likely to dominate the clinical approach to acid-base chemistry over time?

which one is the simple AG equation

Which gap variant takes into account potassium and lactate among other ions?

What does a delta ratio greater than 2 indicate?

What is the primary cause of an acidosis when the anion gap widens to over 20 mEq/L?

In the context of metabolic acidosis, what does the delta ratio of less than 0.4 indicate?

Which tool accurately quantifies metabolic acidosis by compensating for hypoalbuminemia?

What is the significant limitation associated with the anion gap?

'The sum of the difference in charge of the common extracellular ions reveals an unaccounted for 'gap' of -10 to -12 mEq/L.' This unaccounted gap is mainly caused by which components?

In acute respiratory acidosis, how much does [HCO3−] increase for every 10 mm Hg elevation in PaCO2 above 40 mm Hg?

What is the formula to determine the expected PaCO2 in acute metabolic acidosis using the [HCO3−] value?

What does an increase in [HCO3−] concentration in chronic hypoventilation actually reflect?

Which of the following is a potential pitfall of the PCO2-HCO3− approach?

What happens to PaCO2 in metabolic alkalosis as a result of hypoventilation?

What happens to PaCO2 for every 1 mEq/L reduction in base excess according to Winters' BE approach?

What is the expected PaCO2 value if a patient has a [HCO3−] level of 28 mmol/L according to the metabolic alkalosis formula?

In chronic respiratory acidosis, how much does [HCO3−] increase for every 10 mm Hg elevation in PaCO2 above 40 mm Hg?

what is the DELTA RATIO of Hyperchloremic normal AG acidosis?

what is the DELTA RATIO of less than 1 reflect?

what is the average DR of lactic acidosis

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