Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary difference between local and general anaesthesia?
What is the primary difference between local and general anaesthesia?
What is a major risk associated with general anaesthesia?
What is a major risk associated with general anaesthesia?
What is the purpose of selected complementary drug treatments in general anaesthesia?
What is the purpose of selected complementary drug treatments in general anaesthesia?
Which of the following is a way to reduce the risks associated with general anaesthesia?
Which of the following is a way to reduce the risks associated with general anaesthesia?
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What is the role of general anaesthesia in surgical procedures?
What is the role of general anaesthesia in surgical procedures?
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Study Notes
Anaesthesia Overview
- Anaesthesia is used to reduce pain and discomfort during medical procedures
- There are two main types: local and general anaesthesia
Local Anaesthesia
- Numbs a specific area of the body, allowing the patient to remain awake and alert
- Typically used for minor procedures, such as stitches or biopsies
- Examples of local anaesthetics include lidocaine and novocaine
General Anaesthesia
- Affects the entire body, causing the patient to become unconscious and unaware
- Used for more complex and lengthy procedures, such as surgeries
- Can be inhaled (e.g., sevoflurane) or administered through an IV (e.g., propofol)
Risks of General Anaesthesia
- Respiratory problems, such as respiratory depression or bronchospasm
- Cardiovascular issues, including hypotension or arrhythmias
- Allergic reactions or anaphylaxis
- Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV)
- Increased risk of infections and nerve damage
- Rarely, awareness during anaesthesia or long-term cognitive impairment
Reducing Risks of General Anaesthesia
- Pre-operative evaluation and optimization of patients' health
- Monitoring of vital signs and oxygen saturation during anaesthesia
- Use of anaesthesia protocols and checklists
- Training and experience of anaesthetists
- Post-operative care and monitoring
Complementary Drug Treatments
- Benzodiazepines (e.g., midazolam) to reduce anxiety and sedation
- Opioids (e.g., fentanyl) for pain management
- Anti-nausea medications (e.g., ondansetron) to reduce PONV
- Beta-blockers (e.g., esmolol) to control heart rate and blood pressure
- Neuromuscular blockers (e.g., rocuronium) to facilitate intubation and ventilation
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Description
Compare and contrast local and general anaesthesia, including their roles, approaches, and risks. Learn how certain drugs can reduce risks associated with general anaesthetics.
