10 Questions
What is the primary medication used to relieve surgical pain?
Opioids
What is a common side effect of opioids in post-operative care?
Urinary retention
What is the purpose of muscarinic antagonists in anaesthesia?
To prevent excessive cholinergic effects
What medication is used to prevent post-operative vomiting?
Metoclopramide
What is the benefit of using muscarinic antagonists like Atropine in anaesthesia?
To protect the heart from arrhythmias
What is the primary reason for using opioids in surgical pain management?
Due to the severity of surgical pain
What is a common side effect of fentanyl and morphine in post-operative care?
Respiratory depression
What is the primary mechanism of action of muscarinic antagonists in anaesthesia?
Blocking the action of cholinergic neurotransmitters
Which medication is used to prevent both vomiting and nausea in post-operative care?
Metoclopramide
What is the benefit of using atropine in anaesthesia, in addition to its effect on cholinergic neurotransmitters?
It protects the heart from arrhythmias
Study Notes
Analgesia in Surgery
- Opioids are the primary choice for managing severe surgical pain due to their effectiveness.
- Morphine and fentanyl are two commonly used opioids in pre- and post-operative care.
Post-Operative Side Effects of Opioids
- Constipation is a common side effect of opioid use in post-operative care.
- Urinary retention is another potential side effect of opioid use in post-operative care.
- Respiratory depression can occur as a result of opioid use in post-operative care.
- Nausea and vomiting are additional side effects of opioid use in post-operative care.
Muscarinic Antagonists in Anesthesia
- Muscarinic antagonists prevent excessive cholinergic effects, such as salivation and bronchial secretions, during anesthesia.
- Atropine and hyoscine are examples of muscarinic antagonists used in anesthesia.
- Muscarinic antagonists also protect the heart from arrhythmias caused by certain anesthetics, such as halothane.
Antiemetic Drugs in Post-Operative Care
- Antiemetic drugs, such as metoclopramide and prochlorperazine, are used to prevent post-operative vomiting.
Analgesia in Surgery
- Opioids are the primary choice for managing severe surgical pain due to their effectiveness.
- Morphine and fentanyl are two commonly used opioids in pre- and post-operative care.
Post-Operative Side Effects of Opioids
- Constipation is a common side effect of opioid use in post-operative care.
- Urinary retention is another potential side effect of opioid use in post-operative care.
- Respiratory depression can occur as a result of opioid use in post-operative care.
- Nausea and vomiting are additional side effects of opioid use in post-operative care.
Muscarinic Antagonists in Anesthesia
- Muscarinic antagonists prevent excessive cholinergic effects, such as salivation and bronchial secretions, during anesthesia.
- Atropine and hyoscine are examples of muscarinic antagonists used in anesthesia.
- Muscarinic antagonists also protect the heart from arrhythmias caused by certain anesthetics, such as halothane.
Antiemetic Drugs in Post-Operative Care
- Antiemetic drugs, such as metoclopramide and prochlorperazine, are used to prevent post-operative vomiting.
This quiz covers the basics of anesthesia and pain management, including the use of opioids, muscarinic antagonists, and antiemetic drugs in surgery.
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