Anaesthesia and Analgesia Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What was the purpose of a tourniquet in ancient surgeries?

  • To serve as a device for amputation
  • To limit the blood flowing down into the rest of the limb (correct)
  • To stimulate blood flow in the limb
  • To permanently stop the flow of blood

Why did safe blood transfusions only become possible after 1901?

  • Enhanced knowledge of blood coagulation
  • Improved understanding of human anatomy
  • Introduction of advanced surgical techniques
  • Discovery of compatible blood types by Karl Landsteiner (correct)

What was a common practice in early 19th-century surgeries related to pain management?

  • Avoiding surgery altogether due to pain fears
  • Performing frequent blood transfusions
  • Using opium, hemp, and whiskey for pain relief (correct)
  • Administering safe and predictable drugs for pain relief

Why did patients in the early 19th century sometimes delay treatment?

<p>To allow wounds and tumors to grow and fester (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary purpose of asking patients about their pain levels prior to medication administration?

<p>To localize the source of pain in the body (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In ancient times, why did physicians use a ligature instead of a tourniquet?

<p>To permanently stop blood flow (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who demonstrated in the 1890s that dry heat and steam sterilisation were as effective as chemical antiseptics in killing germs?

<p>Robert Koch (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did surgeons often work outside the medical establishment during certain historical periods?

<p>Religious laws forbade physicians from shedding blood (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What profession did some surgeons come from due to historical restrictions on physicians?

<p>Barbers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did some barbers receive higher payment than most surgeons in history?

<p>Barbers offered a wider range of services including surgical procedures (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant limitation for physicians trained in religious universities during certain historical periods?

<p>Restrictions on shedding blood (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which individual was known for demonstrating the importance of antiseptic practices in surgery?

<p>Joseph Lister (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Ibn Sīnā describe in The Canon of Medicine related to surgery?

<p>Sedative inhalation for surgery (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which substance was the first widely used general anaesthetic in surgery?

<p>Ether (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effects did Humphrey Davy notice when he tested nitrous oxide gas on himself?

<p>Euphoric effect and pain alleviation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In anaesthesia, what does analgesia primarily refer to?

<p>Pain relief without loss of consciousness (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the 'soporific sponge' described by Ibn Sīnā contain?

<p>Narcotic herbal potion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where were local anaesthetics typically injected in the context of anaesthesia?

<p>Near the spinal cord (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is used to reduce or block pain during surgery and medical procedures?

<p>Local anaesthesia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the mortality rate for amputations before 1850?

<p>19% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the essential aspect of minimally invasive surgery according to the text?

<p>Speed (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of anaesthesia involves a controlled state of total unconsciousness?

<p>General anaesthesia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the early 19th century, how did surgeons ask patients about amputations according to the text?

<p>'Do you want the leg off or not?' (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of surgery requires that the patient remains conscious?

<p>Regional anaesthesia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What motivated surgeons with little expertise in hair-cutting to join guilds in England?

<p>To earn more for their services (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In 1368, surgeons with little expertise in hair-cutting formed their own Fellowship of Surgeons to:

<p>Improve their credibility as professionals (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the red and white barber’s pole symbolize for traditional barber shops during that time period?

<p>The availability of surgical services (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What historic event occurred in 1800 in England related to the field of surgery?

<p>The establishment of the Royal College of Surgeons (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During the 16th and 17th centuries, what led to a surge in interest in anatomy?

<p>The establishment of surgical schools (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role did the universities play after the Royal College of Surgeons set the qualifications required to become a surgeon?

<p>They integrated surgical exams into medical schools (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Ancient tourniquet purpose

To reduce blood flow to a limb during surgery.

Blood transfusion's pre-1901 issue

Incompatible blood types made transfusions dangerous and unreliable.

19th-century pain relief

Opium,hemp, and whiskey were common pain relievers.

Delayed treatment in 1800s

Patients sometimes waited for wounds or tumors to worsen before seeking treatment.

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Pain level questioning purpose

To determine the location of pain before administering medication.

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Ancient ligature use

Used to permanently cut off blood flow during surgeries.

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Koch's sterilization finding

Dry heat and steam were just as effective as chemicals to kill germs in 1890s.

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Surgeons' outside establishment work

Some historical times, religious restrictions prohibited physicians from bloodletting.

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Surgeon's prior profession

Some surgeons were barbers, due to past restrictions on physicians.

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Barbers' higher payment

Barbers sometimes were paid more than surgeons due to providing multiple services.

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Religious university limitations

Restrictions on surgeons' duties sometimes existed in universities based on religious doctrines.

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Joseph Lister's contribution

Demonstrated the importance of antiseptic practices in surgery.

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Ibn Sīnā's surgical insight

Describes sedative inhalation for surgery in The Canon of Medicine.

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First general anesthetic

Ether was the first widely used general anesthetic in surgery.

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Davy's nitrous oxide test

Observed euphoric effects and pain relief from inhaling nitrous oxide.

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Analgesia in Anaesthesia

Pain relief without losing consciousness.

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Ibn Sīnā's "soporific sponge"

Contained a narcotic herbal potion for pain relief.

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Local anaesthetic injection site

Near the spinal cord, for localized pain relief.

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Reducing surgical pain method

Using local anaesthetic.

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Pre-1850 amputation mortality rate

19% for amputations done before the year 1850.

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Minimally invasive surgery aspect

Speed.

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General anaesthesia's outcome

Controlled state of unconsciousness.

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'19th amp. patients' question

Asking if patient wanted the procedure performed (leg amputated).

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Conscious surgery type

Regional anesthesia.

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Unskilled surgeons' English guild motivation

Improving their professional standing and pay.

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1368 Fellowship of Surgeons purpose

To enhance the credibility and skills of their members.

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Barber's pole symbolism

Availability of surgical services.

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Royal College of Surgeons establishment year

1800

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16th/17th centuries' anatomy surge

Establishment of surgical schools spurred interest in anatomy.

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Universities' role after Royal College of Surgeons criteria

Universities integrated surgery exams into medical schools.

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