Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary mechanism of action for amoxicillin?
What is the primary mechanism of action for amoxicillin?
- Inhibit protein synthesis
- Weaken and destroy cell walls (correct)
- Disrupt metabolic pathways
- Inhibit nucleic acid synthesis
Which of the following is a common adverse reaction to amoxicillin?
Which of the following is a common adverse reaction to amoxicillin?
- Excessive sleepiness
- Weight loss
- Hives or difficulty breathing (correct)
- Increased appetite
Why should amoxicillin be administered with food?
Why should amoxicillin be administered with food?
- For better absorption (correct)
- To reduce the risk of superinfection
- To avoid allergic reactions
- To enhance its antibacterial properties
Which condition may occur as a result of antibiotic use, including amoxicillin?
Which condition may occur as a result of antibiotic use, including amoxicillin?
What effect does penicillin have on oral contraceptives?
What effect does penicillin have on oral contraceptives?
What should a patient do if they experience vaginal itching after taking amoxicillin?
What should a patient do if they experience vaginal itching after taking amoxicillin?
What is a contraindication for taking amoxicillin?
What is a contraindication for taking amoxicillin?
Which of the following infections is amoxicillin effective in treating?
Which of the following infections is amoxicillin effective in treating?
What should be monitored for a patient taking a beta-lactam antibiotic?
What should be monitored for a patient taking a beta-lactam antibiotic?
Which of the following is a common adverse reaction to aztreonam?
Which of the following is a common adverse reaction to aztreonam?
Which of the following conditions represents a contraindication for taking a beta-lactam antibiotic?
Which of the following conditions represents a contraindication for taking a beta-lactam antibiotic?
What should clients be instructed to avoid while taking beta-lactam antibiotics?
What should clients be instructed to avoid while taking beta-lactam antibiotics?
What is a primary therapeutic use of aztreonam?
What is a primary therapeutic use of aztreonam?
In which scenario should a healthcare provider be notified immediately while a patient is on beta-lactam antibiotics?
In which scenario should a healthcare provider be notified immediately while a patient is on beta-lactam antibiotics?
Which intervention is NOT recommended for a patient receiving aztreonam?
Which intervention is NOT recommended for a patient receiving aztreonam?
What should patients taking beta-lactam antibiotics report promptly to their healthcare provider?
What should patients taking beta-lactam antibiotics report promptly to their healthcare provider?
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Study Notes
Amoxicillin
- Broad-spectrum antibiotic
- Weakens and destroys bacterial cell walls
- Beta-lactam antibiotic
- Treats ear, throat infections, UTIs
- Adding clavulanic acid increases the spectrum of the antibiotic
Amoxicillin Adverse Reactions
- Allergy (hives, anaphylaxis)
- GI distress (diarrhea, nausea, vomiting)
- Superinfection (Candida, C. diff)
Amoxicillin Interventions
- Monitor GI symptoms
- Administer with food
- Report watery diarrhea
- Report oral thrush (Candida)
- Monitor for hives or difficulty breathing
Amoxicillin Client Instructions
- Take at the start of a meal for best absorption
- Notify provider for vaginal itching, burning, or discharge
- If having difficulty breathing, call 911
Amoxicillin Contraindications/Precautions
- Allergy to penicillin, procaine, or benzathine
- Caution with severe renal impairment
- Penicillin reduces the effectiveness of oral contraceptives
Cephalexin
- Broad-spectrum antibiotic
- Weakens and destroys bacterial cell walls
- Beta-lactam antibiotic
- Treats ear, throat infections, and UTIs
- Similar uses and effects to penicillin
Cephalexin Adverse Reactions
- Allergy
- GI distress
- Superinfection
- Cross-sensitivity with penicillin allergy
Cephalexin Interventions
- Assess for penicillin allergy
- Monitor GI symptoms
- Administer with food
- Report watery diarrhea
- Report Candida of the mouth
- Monitor for hives and difficulty breathing
Cephalexin Client Instructions
- Do not take with alcohol
- Notify provider for vaginal itching, burning, or discharge
- If having difficulty breathing, call 911.
Cephalexin Contraindications/Precautions
- Allergy to penicillin
- Milk protein allergy
- Caution with renal failure or GI disease
Aztreonam
- Narrow-spectrum antibiotic
- Effective against aerobic gram-negative bacteria
- Treats lower respiratory tract infections, UTIs, abdominal infections
Aztreonam Adverse Reactions
- Thrombophlebitis at IV site
- GI distress
- Superinfections
- Rash
- Inhalation: Airway wheezing, pain
Aztreonam Interventions
- Monitor IV site for pain, redness, swelling
- Monitor respiratory status
- Monitor bowel function
- Monitor for hives or difficulty breathing
Aztreonam Client Instructions
- IM: Given in large muscle
- IV: Given slowly, Report pain in the IV
- Inhaled: Use nebulizer TID
Aztreonam Contraindications/Precautions
- Caution with allergy to penicillin or cephalosporins
- Caution with decreased renal function
- No safety data for pregnancy or lactation
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