Amoebiasis Course
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Questions and Answers

What is the size of the kyste in micrometers?

  • 20-25
  • 10-15 (correct)
  • 15-20
  • 5-10

    • What is the route of transmission of the parasite?

  • through airborne transmission
  • fecal-oral transmission through contaminated food and water (correct)
  • direct contact with an infected person
  • through vector transmission by insects

    • What is the result of the trophozoite invading the colonic mucosa?

  • ulceration of the colonic mucosa (correct)
  • necrosis of the colonic mucosa
  • inflammation of the colonic mucosa
  • hyperplasia of the colonic mucosa

    • What is the diagnostic procedure used to collect specimens for parasitological examination?

    <p>rectoscopy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of the kyste?

    <p>thick wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common extra-intestinal complication of amebiasis?

    <p>amebic liver abscess</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic symptom of amebiasis?

    <p>abdominal pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the type of trophozoite that invades the colonic mucosa?

    <p>hematophagous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the rectal toucher in the diagnosis of amebiasis?

    <p>to collect mucus and blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the laboratory test used to diagnose amebiasis?

    <p>direct microscopic examination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the estimated global prevalence of amoebose?

    <p>1 in 20</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of amoebose?

    <p>Entamoeba histolytica</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the taxonomic classification of Entamoeba histolytica?

    <p>Kingdom: Animalia, Phylum: Sarcomastigophora</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between amoebose infestation and amoebose disease?

    <p>The presence of symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ranking of amoebose as a cause of parasitic morbidity worldwide?

    <p>3rd</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the classification of the extra-intestinal form of amoebose?

    <p>Medical emergency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of the course on amoebose?

    <p>To define and describe the different aspects of amoebose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the state in which the human body harbors Entamoeba histolytica with or without clinical manifestations?

    <p>Amoebose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the size of the nucleus of E.histolytica in micrometers?

    <p>8 to 10</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the chromatin in E.histolytica?

    <p>Rarely visible</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the shape of the pseudopodes in Iodamonas butschlii?

    <p>In balls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the size of the kyste of Endolimax nana?

    <p>8 to 10</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the cytoplasm of E.histolytica?

    <p>Clear</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of detecting coproantigens in stool samples?

    <p>To differentiate between E.histolytica and E.dispar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the shape of the caryosome in E.histolytica?

    <p>Irregular</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the size of the vacuole in Dientamoeba fragilis?

    <p>Large</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the serology exam in the diagnosis of amoebiasis?

    <p>To detect the presence of antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of PCR techniques in the diagnosis of amoebiasis?

    <p>They are highly specific and sensitive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the rectosigmoïdoscopie in the diagnosis of intestinal amoebiasis?

    <p>To visualize the lesions of the rectal mucosa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic appearance of the lesions in the anatomopathological diagnosis of amoebiasis?

    <p>Lesions with a 'button-like' shape in the submucosa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the ELISA test in the diagnosis of amoebiasis?

    <p>To detect the presence of antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the treatment approach for amoebiasis?

    <p>Administration of amoebicides that target the pathogenic forms of the parasite</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic appearance of the image on echography in the diagnosis of extra-intestinal amoebiasis?

    <p>Hypo or anechoic image</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the immunoelectrophoresis test in the diagnosis of amoebiasis?

    <p>To confirm the diagnosis of amoebiasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the disease caused by the protozoan histolytica?

    <p>Amoebiasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended treatment for intestinal amoebiasis in adults?

    <p>Metronidazole 1.5g-2g/j for 10 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the complication of amoebiasis that forms in the liver?

    <p>Abscess</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended method to prevent the spread of amoebiasis?

    <p>Proper disposal of human waste</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the medication used to treat amoebiasis?

    <p>Metronidazole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended method to diagnose amoebiasis?

    <p>Stool test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended method to prevent individual cases of amoebiasis?

    <p>Washing hands with soap</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the complication of amoebiasis that forms in the lungs?

    <p>Abscess</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Introduction to Amoebiasis

    • Amoebiasis, also known as amoebiasis, is a disease caused by the protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica.
    • It is the 3rd leading cause of parasitic morbidity worldwide, with a global prevalence of 1-20%.
    • Amoebiasis can manifest as an asymptomatic infection or as a symptomatic disease, with intestinal and extra-intestinal forms.

    Epidemiology

    • Entamoeba histolytica is the pathogenic agent, belonging to the kingdom Animalia, phylum Sarcomastigophora, class Rhizopodea, order Amoebida, and family Entamoebidae.
    • The parasite has a worldwide distribution, with a higher prevalence in tropical regions due to poor hygiene and sanitation.
    • The parasite is transmitted through the fecal-oral route, contaminated food and water, and mechanically by flies.
    • Factors favoring transmission include poor hygiene, poverty, lack of access to clean water, and certain occupations (e.g., food handlers).

    Physiopathology

    • The parasite adheres to the intestinal mucosa, penetrates, and causes damage to the epithelial cells, leading to the formation of ulcers and the release of toxins.
    • The parasites can also invade the bloodstream and reach other organs, such as the liver and lungs.

    Clinical Manifestations

    • Intestinal amoebiasis: symptoms include abdominal pain, diarrhea, and weight loss; may lead to complications such as perforation, abscesses, and intestinal obstruction.
    • Extra-intestinal amoebiasis: can affect the liver, lungs, and other organs, leading to complications such as liver abscesses and respiratory failure.

    Diagnosis

    • Stool examination: direct microscopy, PCR, and antigen detection are used to diagnose intestinal amoebiasis.
    • Immunological tests: serology and ELISA are used to diagnose extra-intestinal amoebiasis.
    • Imaging studies: radiography, ultrasound, and CT scans are used to diagnose liver abscesses and other complications.

    Treatment and Prevention

    • Amoebicides (e.g., metronidazole, tinidazole) are used to treat intestinal and extra-intestinal amoebiasis.
    • Prevention measures include:
      • Personal hygiene (handwashing, nail care)
      • Food and water safety (boiling, proper storage)
      • Environmental sanitation (proper waste disposal, latrine construction)
      • Health education and awareness

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    Description

    A comprehensive course on amoebiasis, covering introduction, epidemiology, physiopathology, clinical signs, diagnostic biology, treatment, and prevention. Learn about the different morphological forms of Entamoeba histolytica and the biological cycle of amoeba.

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