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Questions and Answers
Questions and Answers
1% concentration of Ammonia is equal to what in parts per million?
1% concentration of Ammonia is equal to what in parts per million?
- 100 PPM
- 1,000 PPM
- 10 PPM
- 10,000 PPM (correct)
1/2 % of Ammonia is a deadly concentration.
1/2 % of Ammonia is a deadly concentration.
True (A)
Ammonia is what on the pH scale?
Ammonia is what on the pH scale?
- 11.6 (correct)
- 5.2
- 7.0
- 3.7
More than 100 pounds release of NH3 in 24 hours is reportable.
More than 100 pounds release of NH3 in 24 hours is reportable.
What are the four primary types of injury with exposure to liquid Ammonia?
What are the four primary types of injury with exposure to liquid Ammonia?
Ammonia causes cancer.
Ammonia causes cancer.
If Ammonia, in liquid form, makes its way into the eyes, there is usually damage that is non-reversible resulting in blindness.
If Ammonia, in liquid form, makes its way into the eyes, there is usually damage that is non-reversible resulting in blindness.
Most MSDS sheets require a rinse/flush to the body/eyes for a minimum of how many minutes when dealing with the chemical Ammonia?
Most MSDS sheets require a rinse/flush to the body/eyes for a minimum of how many minutes when dealing with the chemical Ammonia?
Do you ever want to put liquid water on liquid Ammonia when the refrigerant is at atmospheric conditions?
Do you ever want to put liquid water on liquid Ammonia when the refrigerant is at atmospheric conditions?
Can you knock down an Ammonia vapor cloud at atmospheric conditions using water?
Can you knock down an Ammonia vapor cloud at atmospheric conditions using water?
PEL (Permissible Exposure Limits) for Ammonia, set forth by the Federal OSHA, is how many PPM?
PEL (Permissible Exposure Limits) for Ammonia, set forth by the Federal OSHA, is how many PPM?
The IDLH (Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health) for Ammonia, set forth by OSHA, is how many PPM?
The IDLH (Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health) for Ammonia, set forth by OSHA, is how many PPM?
PEL for Ammonia tells an operator that he/she must put on an Ammonia rated respirator with cartridges if they wanted to stay in that atmosphere.
PEL for Ammonia tells an operator that he/she must put on an Ammonia rated respirator with cartridges if they wanted to stay in that atmosphere.
LEL (Lower Explosive Limits) starts around what percentage?
LEL (Lower Explosive Limits) starts around what percentage?
UEL (Upper Explosive Limits) ends around what percentage range?
UEL (Upper Explosive Limits) ends around what percentage range?
The fuel range for pure Ammonia is _____________% to _____________% ammonia, the remaining concentration air.
The fuel range for pure Ammonia is _____________% to _____________% ammonia, the remaining concentration air.
Can oil mixed with Ammonia increase the risk of fire if released and an ignition source is present?
Can oil mixed with Ammonia increase the risk of fire if released and an ignition source is present?
According to OSHA's book 29CFR (Code of Federal Regulations), Part 1910.134, should an operator wear contact lenses when dealing with the refrigerant Ammonia?
According to OSHA's book 29CFR (Code of Federal Regulations), Part 1910.134, should an operator wear contact lenses when dealing with the refrigerant Ammonia?
Should you proceed through an invisible cloud of Ammonia?
Should you proceed through an invisible cloud of Ammonia?
If you see a green diamond with the number 1005 on the transportation vehicle, what is inside the tank?
If you see a green diamond with the number 1005 on the transportation vehicle, what is inside the tank?
What is the fire diamond rating for pure Ammonia? Health#:______ /Color:______ Fire#:______ /Color:______ Reactivity#:/Color:
What is the fire diamond rating for pure Ammonia? Health#:______ /Color:______ Fire#:______ /Color:______ Reactivity#:/Color:
What are the two primary ways of finding small leaks for Ammonia?
What are the two primary ways of finding small leaks for Ammonia?
Hydrostatic Expansion will increase pressure how much per degree of Fahrenheit heat exposure for Ammonia?
Hydrostatic Expansion will increase pressure how much per degree of Fahrenheit heat exposure for Ammonia?
Figure out the volume of this room. Length is 10 feet, width is 14 feet, and height is 20 feet.
Figure out the volume of this room. Length is 10 feet, width is 14 feet, and height is 20 feet.
A rate is a measure of something to a fixed unit such as time. What is tonnage?
A rate is a measure of something to a fixed unit such as time. What is tonnage?
A home air-conditioner is rated to remove 24,000 BTUs in one hour. What is the tonnage rating?
A home air-conditioner is rated to remove 24,000 BTUs in one hour. What is the tonnage rating?
Compressors pump vapor only and they are sized by what requirement?
Compressors pump vapor only and they are sized by what requirement?
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Study Notes
Study Notes
Ammonia Concentration and Safety
- 1% concentration of ammonia equals 10,000 PPM.
- A concentration of ½% ammonia is considered deadly, equating to 5,000 PPM.
- Ammonia has a high pH level of 11.6.
- Release of over 100 pounds of ammonia within 24 hours is reportable.
Health Effects and Exposure
- There are four primary types of injuries from ammonia exposure: dehydration burn, chemical burn, thermal burn, respiratory burn.
- Ammonia is not classified as a carcinogen.
- Eye exposure to liquid ammonia typically results in irreversible damage and blindness.
Response Measures and Regulations
- Most Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) recommend rinsing or flushing the body/eyes with water for at least 10 minutes after ammonia exposure.
- Never apply water to liquid ammonia under atmospheric conditions.
- Water can be used to disperse an ammonia vapor cloud at atmospheric conditions.
Exposure Limits
- The Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) set by OSHA for ammonia is 50 PPM.
- The Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health (IDLH) level for ammonia is established at 300 PPM.
- Operators must wear ammonia-rated respirators if exposure levels exceed PEL.
Explosive Limits
- The Lower Explosive Limit (LEL) for ammonia is approximately 15%.
- The Upper Explosive Limit (UEL) for ammonia is around 28%.
- The combustible range for pure ammonia is between 15% and 28%.
Safety Precautions
- Mixing ammonia with oil increases the risk of fire if an ignition source is present.
- OSHA regulations prohibit wearing contact lenses when handling ammonia.
- Avoid proceeding through an invisible ammonia cloud.
Identification and Ratings
- A green diamond with the number 1005 indicates the presence of ammonia in the tank.
- Fire diamond rating for pure ammonia: Health# 3 (Blue), Fire# 3 (Red), Reactivity# 0 (Yellow).
Leak Detection
- Small ammonia leaks can be detected using a sulfur stick or pH paper.
Pressure Dynamics
- Hydrostatic expansion of ammonia increases pressure by 100-150 PSI per degree of Fahrenheit heat exposure.
Volumes and Cooling Capacity
- Room volume calculation example: a room measuring 10 x 14 x 20 feet equals 2,800 cubic feet.
- Tonnage is defined as heat transfer in BTUs per time; a home air conditioner rated at 24,000 BTUs per hour has a tonnage rating of 2 tons.
Compressor Operations
- Compressors are sized based on their ability to pump vapor, measured in Cubic Feet per Minute (CFM).
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