Amino Acids: Structures and Properties

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Questions and Answers

Match the following nitrogenous bases with their respective abbreviations:

Adenine = A Guanine = G Thymine = T Cytosine = C

Match the following sugars with the type of nucleic acid they are found in:

Ribose = RNA 2-deoxyribose = DNA D-ribose = RNA 2-deoxy-D-ribose = DNA

Match the following terms with their corresponding definitions:

Nucleoside = Base + Sugar Nucleotide = Base + Sugar + Phosphate Beta-glycosidic linkage = Bond between base and sugar Furanose form = Five-membered ring form of nucleotides

Match the following nucleoside examples with their respective names:

Cytidine = Cytosine + Sugar Uridine = Uracil + Sugar Adenosine = Adenine + Sugar Guanosine = Guanine + Sugar Signup and view all the answers

Match the following bases with the type of nucleic acid they are found in:

A, G, C, T = DNA A, G, C, U = RNA Adenine, Guanine, Thymine, Cytosine = DNA Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Uracil = RNA Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of lysosomes in cells?

Lysosomes serve as digestion compartments for cellular materials that have exceeded their lifetime or are otherwise no longer useful by autophagy. Signup and view all the answers

During which process do lysosomes digest embryonic tissues in amphibians and tunicates?

Metamorphosis Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the lysosomal membrane when a cell dies?

The lysosome membrane ruptures and enzymes are liberated. Signup and view all the answers

In which cellular organelles are lysosomes absent?

Lysosomes are absent in bacteria and mature mammalian erythrocytes. Signup and view all the answers

What is the size range of lysosomes?

Lysosomes are $0.2$ to $0.5\mu m$ in size. Signup and view all the answers

Describe the structure of lysosomes.

Lysosomes are round vacuolar structures bounded by a single unit membrane. Signup and view all the answers

Why is the identification of lysosomes difficult?

Since the size and shape of lysosomes vary from cell to cell and time to time (they are polymorphic), their identification becomes difficult. Signup and view all the answers

In which cells are lysosomes particularly abundant?

Leucocytes, especially granulocytes, are a particularly rich source of lysosomes. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of lysosomes in destroying foreign matter?

Lysosomes destroy cells or foreign matter that the cell has engulfed by phagocytosis. Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the Golgi vesicle membrane during cell plate formation?

The unit membrane of Golgi vesicles fuses during cell plate formation and becomes part of the plasma membrane of daughter cells. Signup and view all the answers

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