Nitrogen Compounds
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Questions and Answers

What is a characteristic of the nitrogen atom in the rightmost resonance form of an amine?

  • It has a positive charge (correct)
  • It is neutral
  • It is more electron-rich
  • It has a negative charge

    • What is the result of the Hofmann elimination reaction?

  • Elimination of H2O and formation of an alkene (correct)
  • Addition of a NO2 group
  • Formation of a C=O group
  • Formation of a CN group

    • What is true about the smell of amines?

  • All amines have a sweet smell
  • Amines have no distinct smell
  • Low molecular weight amines smell sweet, while larger diamines smell rotten
  • Low molecular weight amines smell fishy, while larger diamines smell rotten (correct)

    • What is the geometry of the nitrogen atom in an amine?

    <p>Trigonal pyramidal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the reduction of amides?

    <p>Conversion of C=O to CH2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason why amines with 5 or more C atoms are not fully soluble in water?

    <p>Presence of a larger hydrophobic part</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true about the strength of amines as bases?

    <p>Amines with lower conjugate acid pKa values are stronger bases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason why amides are not good bases?

    <p>Presence of a second resonance form with a positive charge on the N atom</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What reaction mechanism is used to delete the C=O group from an amide, forming an amine?

    <p>Hofmann rearrangement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a method of preparing amines?

    <p>Hofmann elimination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the water solubility of amines with fewer than 5 carbons?

    <p>The formation of strong hydrogen bonds between the nitrogen atom and water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following classifications of amines has a nitrogen atom with a lone pair and three single bonds?

    <p>Quaternary ammonium salt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the pKb value and the strength of a base in amines?

    <p>Low pKb value means a strong base</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do small amines smell fishy?

    <p>The specific odor is a characteristic of small amines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of electron-donating alkyl groups on the nitrogen atom in amines?

    <p>They make the nitrogen atom more electron-rich</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the trend in the strength of the base as we go from NH3 to primary amine to secondary amine?

    <p>The strength of the base increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the tertiary amine a weaker base compared to primary and secondary amines?

    <p>Due to the decrease in solubility in water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relation between pKa and pKb of a conjugate acid and base pair?

    <p>pKa + pKb = 14</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of the F atom on the basicity of the compound in the middle and rightmost compounds?

    <p>Decreases the basicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do primary and secondary amines have approximately equal strengths as bases?

    <p>Due to their high solubility in water</p> Signup and view all the answers

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