American Yawp Chapter 10 Flashcards

Second Great Awakening

• Episcopalians benefitted the least from the Second Great Awakening, as compared to other denominations.
• The "Burned Over District" refers to regions heavily impacted by revivalist fervor during this period.
• Calvinism's influence waned, with many Americans increasingly turning away from its teachings.

Spiritual Egalitarianism

• The awakening fostered spiritual egalitarianism by:
  • Allowing women to participate more actively in spiritual communities.
  • Challenging the self-restraint norms of the upper class.
  • Promoting equal concern for the spiritual needs of both white and black individuals.

Transcendentalism

• Transcendentalism originated among American clergymen, marking a significant cultural movement.

19th Century Intellectual Trends

• Nineteenth-century American intellectual trends Innovatively oriented towards the future, contrasting with prevailing past-focused ideologies.

Women's Role in Social Reform

• As women stepped beyond traditional household roles, they found new opportunities to engage in social reform movements.

Disinterested Benevolence

• The concept of "disinterested benevolence" emphasizes that true Christianity demands self-love be set aside in favor of the love and care for others.

Benevolent Movements

• The temperance movement was particularly successful in the 1820s, gaining widespread support and momentum.

Antislavery Movement

• The shift in the American antislavery movement from gradualism to immediatism occurred in the 1830s.
• Influential texts by black Northerners such as David Walker and James Forten significantly impacted William Lloyd Garrison's ideological shift towards immediatism.

Legislative Measures Against Abolition

• The "Gag Rule" was implemented to suppress abolitionist voices within Congress, indicating significant political resistance to antislavery advocacy.

Division in Antislavery Society

• The American Antislavery Society experienced a split in 1839 primarily due to debates over the effectiveness of electoral politics and the significance of women's rights.

Gender and Social Activism

• Female activists justified their involvement in social activism based on societal expectations that they serve as moral guardians of the home, which extended to advocating for moral issues.

Sequence of Events in Women's Activism

• Initial controversies over women's roles took precedence over the formation of women’s antislavery societies, highlighting a progression in activism leading up to events like the Seneca Falls Convention.