American Revolution Timeline Overview

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Questions and Answers

What is a key difference between American and European societies, according to the authors mentioned?

  • European society values agrarian life, while American society favors urban development.
  • American society is marked by its diversity, while European society is characterized by its homogeneity.
  • American society prioritizes individualism, while European society emphasizes collectivism. (correct)
  • American society promotes the pursuit of wealth, while European society focuses on social status.

Which author emphasizes the importance of an agrarian lifestyle for shaping American identity?

  • Thomas Jefferson (correct)
  • Benjamin Franklin
  • Hector St. John de Crèvecoeur
  • John Locke

Which of the following ideas is NOT associated with the concept of "the great American asylum"?

  • The melting pot of different races and cultures
  • A society based on strict social hierarchy (correct)
  • A land of opportunity and freedom
  • A place where individuals can escape oppression

What is the significance of the authors' use of the term "melting pot"?

<p>It refers to the process of integrating immigrants into a homogeneous American society. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does John Locke's theory of natural rights contribute to the shaping of American identity?

<p>It provides a philosophical foundation for individual freedom and self-determination. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What key aspect of 'usable past' is emphasized in the development of a national identity?

<p>The shared experiences and collective memories that foster unity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of 'rhetoric and glorious contrast' in the context of cultural nationalism?

<p>To promote unity by emphasizing the shared experience of facing a common enemy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What prompted the desire for an American literary and cultural tradition?

<p>The goal of establishing a national identity and asserting independence (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the key programmatic aspects of the 'search for a common vision' movement?

<p>Encouraging the development of a unique American literary style and voice. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Ralph Waldo Emerson's 'The American Scholar' best known for?

<p>Declaring cultural independence from England and calling for a new type of American intellectual (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What sets 'The American Scholar' apart from its original title, 'An Oration Delivered before the Phi Beta Kappa Society at Cambridge, August 31st, 1837'?

<p>The original title is more specific, while the later one captures the broader themes of the speech. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the text characterize American poetry of the Revolutionary era?

<p>Poetic forms mirrored European styles, while content emphasized American themes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some of the common themes explored in the wave of American historical literature that emerged during this period?

<p>The exploration of American identity and the formation of a nation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Fireside Poets' refer to?

<p>A group of poets who used traditional poetic forms to express American themes and values (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some characteristics of American poetry in the revolutionary and early national periods?

<p>It was primarily focused on political themes and used poetic forms to promote national unity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the core idea behind Poe's concept of 'art for art's sake'?

<p>Art should be created primarily for its aesthetic value, independent of any practical or moral purpose. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary feature of Poe's 'short prose narrative'?

<p>A unified and singular effect achieved through carefully crafted elements and a focused atmosphere. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the 'imp of the perverse' in Poe's works?

<p>It represents the irrational and destructive side of human nature that often leads to self-destruction. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does Poe favor a 'short prose narrative' for his themes?

<p>To create a focused and unified atmosphere that enhances the impact of the story's theme. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common thematic element found in Poe's 'short prose narratives'?

<p>The clash between the rational and the irrational, reality and the macabre. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Poe's use of the grotesque suggest about his perspective on reality?

<p>Reality can be deceptive and ambiguous, blurring the lines between the real and the imagined. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the 'mask' in Poe's 'short prose narratives'?

<p>All of the above. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of Poe's inclusion of recurring motifs like 'doppelgängers', 'dead people returning', and 'being buried alive'?

<p>To explore the anxieties and fears surrounding death and the unknown. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following aspects of Benjamin Franklin's life is NOT explicitly mentioned as contributing to his status as a "homo americanus"?

<p>His role as a transatlantic mediator. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Benjamin Franklin's "The Way to Wealth" is a condensed version of his ideology, promoting which core values?

<p>Self-reliance, industry, and community service. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which one of the following is NOT a virtue listed by Ben Franklin as a key component to achieve self-improvement?

<p>Patience (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the intended purpose of the chart and schedule included in Franklin's Autobiography?

<p>To encourage readers to practice self-control and diligently follow his virtues. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of Benjamin Franklin's Poor Richard's Almanack made it unique and influential for its time?

<p>Its incorporation of practical knowledge, wit, and wisdom beyond the traditional calendar. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is NOT considered a personal vice that prevents success in Franklin's perspective?

<p>Envy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the evolution of Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography?

<p>A series of reflections on different stages of his life, written in different years. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following events occurred in the year 1775? (Select all that apply.)

<p>The Battles of Lexington and Concord (B), The First Continental Congress (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary reason for the westward expansion of British North America in the 18th and 19th centuries?

<p>The desire for economic opportunity and land (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the significance of the Treaty of Paris (1783)?

<p>It formally ended the Revolutionary War and recognized American independence. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the central idea behind the Monroe Doctrine?

<p>To prevent European interference in the affairs of the Americas. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did the American colonists see the arrival of British troops in Boston in 1768 as a turning point?

<p>It signaled a shift in royal policy towards increased control of the colonies. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What economic tensions were rising in the American colonies prior to the Revolution? (Select all that apply.)

<p>The colonists were unhappy about being forced to pay for Britain's wars. (A), The colonists wanted to control their own trade and economy. (B), The colonists were frustrated by the British system of mercantilism. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors contributed to the growth of American cultural nationalism in the early 19th century? (Select all that apply.)

<p>The westward expansion and the idea of Manifest Destiny. (B), The growth of American literature and art. (C), The success of the Revolutionary War. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were the major impacts of the Northwest Ordinance of 1787?

<p>It established westward expansion and created a plan for the organization of new states. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best explains the growth of the American population between 1700 and 1860?

<p>All of the above. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the British American War of 1812-1815 contribute to American nationalism? (Select all that apply.)

<p>It reinforced the idea of American independence and self-reliance. (A), It showed the British that the American Colonies were a strong force to be reckoned with. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of Brackenridge's 'The Rising Glory of America' (1771/72) in relation to American national consciousness?

<p>It foreshadows the upcoming Revolution by expressing the desire for independence and highlighting a distinct American identity. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these features is NOT characteristic of Romantic Nature Poetry in American literature?

<p>Stressing the importance of social order and conformity in society. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for the delayed emergence of American Romanticism?

<p>The dominance of neoclassical traditions in American culture. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What contrasting images are highlighted in Brackenridge's work, contributing to the establishment of a distinct American identity?

<p>The contrast between the American pursuit of liberty and the English embrace of aristocracy. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the 'Prairies' in Bryant's poem?

<p>It is a symbol of the boundless potential and vastness of the American wilderness. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of Pierre L’Enfant's nationalist architecture in Washington D.C.?

<p>To establish a sense of grandeur and power for the newly formed nation. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a key feature of the American Romantic Movement?

<p>Emphasizing the power of reason and logic over emotions and imagination. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the image of Native Americans play a role in American Romantic Nature Poetry?

<p>They are idealized as noble savages who represent the purity and harmony of nature. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Collective Identity

A shared sense of belonging among a group, promoting common goals.

Melting Pot

An ideology where different races and cultures blend into a single society.

Agrarian Ideal

The belief that farming and land ownership lead to virtue and character.

Natural Rights

Rights that individuals inherently possess, emphasized by John Locke.

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City Upon a Hill

A metaphor for America as a model society to the world, originating from Winthrop.

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George III becomes king

George III ascended the throne of Great Britain in 1760.

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Sugar Act

A 1764 act imposing taxes on sugar and molasses imported to the American colonies.

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Boston Tea Party

A 1773 protest against the Tea Act where colonists dumped tea into Boston Harbor.

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Declaration of Independence

The document adopted on July 4, 1776, declaring the colonies' independence from Britain.

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Revolutionary War

A conflict from 1775 to 1783 between the American colonies and Great Britain.

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Articles of Confederation

The first constitution of the United States, ratified in 1781.

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Monroe Doctrine

A 1823 principle stating that the Americas are under U.S. influence and opposing European colonization.

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Civil War

Conflict from 1861 to 1865 between Northern states and Southern states.

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Manifest Destiny

The 19th-century belief that American expansion across the continent was justified.

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Population growth

The increase from about 300,000 in 1700 to 31 million by 1860.

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National Consciousness

The shared awareness of a nation’s identity and values before the American Revolution.

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American Romanticism

An artistic movement focusing on emotions, nature, and individual experiences in early 19th century America.

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Neoclassicism vs Romanticism

The coexistence and blending of classical principles and romantic ideals in early American literature.

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W.C. Bryant's Themes

His poetry emphasizes the beauty of American landscapes and contrasts them with England.

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Noble Savages

A romanticized view of Native Americans as inherently good but simplified and inferior.

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The Prairies (Bryant)

A poem showcasing the vast beauty of American landscapes, highlighting cultural uniqueness.

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Romantic Features

Characteristics of Romantic art include spontaneity, individual experience, and the beauty of nature.

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Pierre L’Enfant

Architect known for creating nationalist architecture in Washington D.C., symbolizing American identity.

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Self-made man

An individual who achieves success through their own efforts and abilities.

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Poor Richard's Almanack

A yearly publication by Benjamin Franklin featuring practical information and humor.

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The Way to Wealth

A preface by Franklin summarizing his views on individual success and civic virtues.

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The Autobiography

Franklin’s life story, showcasing his ideals and the concept of the American Dream.

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Civic virtues

Qualities that promote the active participation in a community or society.

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13 virtues

A list created by Franklin outlining personal qualities for self-improvement.

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Enlightenment influence

The philosophical movement focusing on reason and individualism; significant to Franklin's ideology.

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Homo americanus

A term used to describe Franklin as the archetypal American character.

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Cultural Nationalism

A movement to develop a shared national identity through culture and literature in the U.S.

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Usable Past

The concept that a nation can strengthen identity by referencing shared historical experiences.

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Rhetoric of Glorious Contrast

Using positive comparisons to build a national identity, particularly against Britain.

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American Literature

The emerging body of literary works reflecting American themes and experiences.

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Ralph Waldo Emerson's 'The American Scholar'

A speech calling for cultural independence and a new American intellectual.

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Fireside Poets

A group of 19th-century American poets popular for their romantic and patriotic themes.

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American Exceptionalism

The belief that America has a unique mission to spread democracy and freedom.

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Collective vs. Individual Voice

In American poetry, the collective interest is prioritized over individual expression.

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Content vs. Form in American Poetry

American poetry often used American themes but retained European styles.

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Nationalism in Literature

The drive to create literature that reflects American identity and values.

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Art for Art’s Sake

The principle that art does not need to have a specific purpose or message.

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Short Prose Narrative

A brief literary form focusing on a singular effect, read in one sitting.

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Totality of Effect

The overall impression created by a short prose narrative, focusing on one atmosphere.

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Flat Characters

Simple, non-complex characters that serve the narrative's main effect.

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Thematic Concerns in Gothic Horror

Exploration of themes like the grotesque, perverse urges, and psychological turmoil.

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Psychological Dispositive

A literary tool reflecting human psyche's irrational urges and conflicts.

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The Mask in Literature

A symbol of betrayal and deception within narratives.

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Doppelgänger

A literary motif depicting a double or alter ego, often linked to themes of identity.

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Study Notes

American Revolution Timeline

  • 1750s: British North America, 13 colonies, expanding westward.
  • 1760: George III becomes King of Great Britain.
  • 1764: Sugar Act.
  • 1765: Stamp Act (repealed 1766).
  • 1767: Townshend Acts.
  • 1768: British troops arrive in Boston.
  • 1770: Boston Massacre.
  • 1773: Boston Tea Party.
  • 1774: Coercive Acts, First Continental Congress.
  • 1775: Battles of Lexington and Concord, Second Continental Congress, Battle of Bunker Hill; start of the Revolutionary War.
  • 1775-1783: Revolutionary War.
  • 1776: Thomas Paine's "Common Sense," Declaration of Independence.
  • 1777: Articles of Confederation approved.
  • 1781: British troops surrender at Yorktown.
  • 1783: Treaty of Paris, end of Revolutionary War.
  • 1787: Philadelphia Constitutional Convention.
  • 1789: George Washington becomes first president.
  • 1789-1815: Northwest Ordinance, Louisiana Purchase (territory from France).
  • 1812-1815: British-American War, increased expansion of America.
  • 1823: Monroe Doctrine.
  • 1845-1848: War with Mexico.
  • 1861-1865: Civil War.

Population Growth

  • 1700: Approximately 300,000 people in the 13 colonies.

Immigration

  • 1700-1750: Around 210,000 immigrants to British North America.
  • 1815-1860: Approximately 5 million European immigrants.
  • 17th century: Approximately 10,000 enslaved Africans brought to British North America.
  • 1861: Approximately 4 million enslaved people.

Native Americans

  • 1492: Between 7-10 million Native Americans.
  • 1820: 125,000 Native Americans.
  • 1860: Approximately 31 million people in the U.S.

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