American Misconceptions Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary focus of the book?

  • The economic conditions of the United Kingdom
  • Public welfare in the United States
  • Misconceptions about poverty in America (correct)
  • The history of Oxford University Press

The book is published by a department of Harvard University.

False (B)

Name one of the authors of the book.

Mark Robert Rank

The book discusses what America gets wrong about _______.

<p>poverty</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the author(s) to the appropriate role:

<p>Mark Robert Rank = Author Lawrence M. Eppard = Author Heather E. Bullock = Author Oxford University Press = Publisher</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is NOT a subject listed under Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data?

<p>Social conditions in the United Kingdom (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The book is copyrighted by all three authors.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Besides the hardback, what is one other format the book is available in?

<p>epub</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary question that Rank and Hirschl were trying to answer?

<p>How likely is it that an American will experience poverty firsthand and use social safety net programs? (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The PSID is a cross-sectional study.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does PSID stand for?

<p>Panel Study of Income Dynamics</p> Signup and view all the answers

The PSID has been administered by the Survey Research Center at the University of ________.

<p>Michigan</p> Signup and view all the answers

How often did the PSID initially track households?

<p>Annually (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their definitions:

<p>PSID = A nationally representative, longitudinal sample of households Life Table = A technique for calculating how often particular events occur over time Longitudinal Study = A study that tracks the same participants over time Cross-sectional Study = A study that looks at data at a single point in time</p> Signup and view all the answers

The PSID only tracks individuals who remain in their original household.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the U.S. Census Bureau's definition, what does it mean for a household to be living in poverty?

<p>They lack the necessary income to purchase minimally adequate goods and services. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The poverty lines used by the U.S. Census Bureau remain constant each year.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a poverty measure that compares an individual's income to others in the income distribution?

<p>relative measure of poverty</p> Signup and view all the answers

An absolute measure of poverty involves drawing an ______ line with respect to income.

<p>absolute</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the term with its description:

<p>Absolute poverty measure = Poverty determined by a fixed income threshold Relative poverty measure = Poverty determined by comparing income distribution Census Bureau = Defines the official poverty line in the U.S. Inflation = Annual increases in the cost of living</p> Signup and view all the answers

In 2019, what was the poverty level for a four-person household according to the U.S. Census Bureau?

<p>$26,172 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The official definition of poverty used by the U.S. Census Bureau is the only way to measure poverty.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a household's income is below the line set by the Census Bureau, what are they considered to be?

<p>living in poverty</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of Americans between the ages of 25 and 60 are estimated to experience at least one year below the 20th percentile of income?

<p>62% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A majority of American adults will experience poverty at some point between the ages of 25 and 60.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some events that may lead to a downward spiral into poverty?

<p>job loss, family separation, and health emergencies</p> Signup and view all the answers

Between birth and age 17, ____ percent of American children will have lived at least one year below the poverty line.

<p>34</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of individuals between 25 and 60 years old will experience at least one year of economic turmoil?

<p>79% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The likelihood of experiencing poverty decreases as individuals get older.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the age ranges with the corresponding percentage of Americans experiencing poverty or near poverty:

<p>Birth to 17 years old = 40% 25 to 60 years old = 62% 60 to 90 years old = 48%</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the analysis by Rank and Hirschl indicate about poverty across different life stages?

<p>Poverty is prevalent during childhood and older age.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a typical cause of falling into poverty?

<p>Moving to a new country (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The text suggests that most people who experience poverty in America remain in poverty for a long time.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the text suggest is a common mindset that people use to distance themselves from the issue of poverty?

<p>Believing that poverty is something that happens to deficient 'others'.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The text states that poverty is often the consequence of structural arrangements that produce economic __________.

<p>insecurity</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the mentioned countries with whether they have higher or lower likelihoods of unemployed people experiencing poverty:

<p>United States = Higher Netherlands = Lower Japan = Higher Iceland = Lower</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the expert appraisal, what is considered a myth about poverty in the United States?

<p>The poor are a permanent underclass (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The text suggests that the poor are a deviant group of different 'others' that can't be helped.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the text say are some ways a society can better manage poverty?

<p>By managing systemic problems and reducing the risk of new entries into poverty.</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the content, what is a common misconception about poverty in the United States?

<p>That poverty is primarily experienced by people of color. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Non-White populations in the U.S. have lower rates of poverty compared to Whites.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two different approaches for understanding who experiences poverty?

<p>One approach examines which groups have higher or lower poverty rates compared to the general population, while the other looks at the group composition of the overall poverty population.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Although White Americans make up the largest number of individuals living below the poverty line, the tendency to equate poverty with people of color, particularly ______, persists.

<p>African Americans</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the public safety net?

<p>To reduce the number of material hardships experienced by families. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The content indicates that we do not have a stake in the success of public safety net programs.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match each approach to understanding poverty with its main focus:

<p>Examining poverty rates by group = Focuses on risk associated with various population characteristics Examining the group composition of the poor = Focuses on the overall makeup of the poor population Media depictions of poverty = Can perpetuate misconceptions</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of media in perpetuating misconceptions about poverty?

<p>Media can perpetuate misconceptions about poverty by reinforcing stereotypes, especially racial stereotypes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is the book's main focus?

This book explores common misconceptions and misunderstandings surrounding poverty in America.

Who are the authors?

Mark Robert Rank, Lawrence M.Eppard, and Heather E.Bullock.

Who published the book? When?

Oxford University Press published the book in 2021.

What is the book's subject matter?

This book explores social and economic conditions in the United States.

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What is the goal of the book?

The book aims to provide a comprehensive and insightful analysis of poverty in America.

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What is the book's argument?

The book challenges conventional notions about poverty, suggesting that America's understanding may be flawed.

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What kind of evidence might the book use?

The book likely includes empirical data and research findings to support its arguments.

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What outcome does the book hope to achieve?

The book aims to raise awareness and foster a better understanding of poverty in America.

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Poverty

The state of being extremely poor, characterized by lack of basic necessities like food, shelter, and healthcare.

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Official Poverty Line

An official measure of poverty based on a specific income level below which individuals or families are considered poor. It is often used to determine eligibility for social programs.

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Absolute Measure of Poverty

The method of defining poverty based on a specific income level that is adjusted for inflation each year. It implies an absolute standard of living that is considered necessary for basic needs.

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Relative Measure of Poverty

Defines poverty based on an individual's relative position within the income distribution of a particular country or region. It considers comparisons to others' income levels.

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Relative Poverty

Used frequently in international comparisons, relative poverty focuses on the position of an individual within the income distribution, rather than a fixed poverty line.

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U.S. Census Bureau

A statistical agency in the United States that collects and analyzes demographic and economic data, including the definition and measure of poverty.

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Longitudinal Study

A research study that tracks a specific group of individuals over time, collecting data about their lives.

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Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID)

A long-running research study following thousands of American households since 1968, providing detailed information on income, demographics, and social safety net usage.

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Life Table

A tool used to calculate the probability of specific events occurring during a given timeframe. Often used to assess risk in medical research and demography.

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Social Safety Net

Government programs designed to provide financial or other assistance to individuals or families facing hardship, such as unemployment benefits, food stamps, or housing assistance.

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Risk

The likelihood of experiencing a specific event, often expressed as a percentage or probability.

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Lifetime Prevalence

A measure of the proportion of a population that experiences a particular event during their lifetime. For example, the percentage of Americans who experience poverty during adulthood.

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Representative Sample

A group of people selected to represent a larger population in a study, ensuring that the findings can be generalized.

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Poverty line

A measure of poverty where someone's income falls below a certain threshold, often defined as a percentage of the median income.

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Likelihood of poverty

The percentage of the population that falls below the poverty line at some point in their lives.

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Year of poverty

A period of at least one year where a person's income falls below the poverty line.

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Economic turmoil

Experiencing a combination of poverty, receiving government aid, or being unemployed.

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Life course perspective on poverty

The significant increase in the likelihood of someone experiencing poverty or financial hardship over a long lifetime.

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Detrimental events

Events that can significantly impact a person's economic well-being and increase the likelihood of poverty.

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Childhood poverty

Periods of poverty experienced by children before they reach adulthood.

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Older age poverty

Periods of poverty experienced by older adults after they reach retirement age.

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What is the book's central argument about poverty?

The authors argue that poverty in America is not caused by individual failings, but rather by the system itself.

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What is the book's view on the causes of poverty?

The book highlights that everyday occurrences like job loss or childbirth can lead to poverty, suggesting that it's not an anomaly but a consequence of systemic vulnerabilities.

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How often does the book claim people experience poverty?

The authors suggest that the majority of Americans will experience poverty at some point in their lives, due to common life situations.

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What is the key difference the book notes between countries with different poverty rates?

Countries like the Netherlands and Iceland have social safety nets that protect against poverty, while the United States, Canada, and Japan have less robust systems.

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What belief about poverty does the book criticize?

The authors criticize the view that poverty is a result of individual weaknesses, arguing it promotes a lack of empathy.

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How does the book challenge the idea of a permanent underclass?

The authors posit that poverty is not a permanent condition, but rather a temporary hardship that most people overcome.

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What solution does the book propose to address poverty effectively?

The book highlights that changing the system, rather than focusing on individual actions, is crucial to truly reduce poverty.

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How does the book redefine the nature of poverty?

The book challenges the notion that poverty is a problem that only affects certain individuals, presenting it as a common experience for many.

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Myth of Poverty and Race

The tendency to assume that poverty is primarily associated with people of color, especially African Americans, despite the fact that White Americans constitute the largest group living below the poverty line.

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Poverty Rate Analysis

Comparing the poverty rates of different racial groups to the overall population.

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Poverty Population Composition Analysis

Examining the makeup of the overall population living in poverty, regardless of individual rates.

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Higher Poverty Rates in Non-White Groups

Non-White groups, including African Americans, Hispanics, and Native Americans, experience significantly higher poverty rates compared to Whites.

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Majority of Poor are White

While Non-Whites have higher poverty rates, the largest number of individuals living beneath the poverty line are White.

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Media's Role in Perpetuating Myths

Media plays a crucial role in reinforcing the misconception that poverty is primarily associated with people of color.

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Challenging the Misconception

The book challenges the assumption that poverty is primarily linked to people of color, using data and research to reveal the reality of the demographic makeup of poverty in the United States.

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Moving Towards a More Accurate Understanding

The book encourages a more accurate and inclusive understanding of poverty, acknowledging the diverse experiences of those living below the poverty line.

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