36 Questions
Which event marked the beginning of the 19th century as an age of transition?
The Industrial Revolution
What was the aim of the Congress of Vienna in 1814-15?
To reinstate the old political system
Which nations were part of the Great powers during the early 19th century?
Austria, Great Britain, France, Prussia, Russia
Which diplomatic instruments were utilized to contain French ideas and revolutionary acts?
Holy Alliance and Quadruple Alliance
What was the significance of the Holy Alliance signed on 26th September 1815?
It aimed to contain French ideas and revolutionary acts
What did the Congress of Vienna aim to restore?
Legitimacy and stability in Europe
What impact did the American Independence War and French Revolution have on politics and economics?
Challenged the divine right of the king and political hierarchies, and challenged mercantilism and declined the weight of guilds
What contributed to the spread of revolutionary ideas and nationalism as a result of the Napoleonic wars?
Reshaping of the political map, spreading of revolutionary ideas, and greater centralization
What factors characterized the Restoration period in Europe following the Napoleonic wars?
Emergence of two systems, introduction of the bourgeoisie, and engagement in uninterrupted wars
How did the Napoleonic wars impact the development of social sciences and colonial expansion?
Strengthened the colonial expansion of great powers and increased development of social sciences
What were the consequences for urbanization as a result of mid-century developments such as telegraph lines between continents?
Created a new market for a cultural industry, facilitated spreading of ideas through culture, and led to urbanization
What contributed to the strengthening of representative government and centralization in mid-century Europe?
Development of railways and Suez Canal, leading to strengthening of representative government and centralization
What was a significant outcome of the American Independence War and French Revolution on intellectual dynamics?
The final product of intellectual dynamics remounted to the 17th century when modern science emerged, and a more critical attitude permeated philosophical speculation
How did the Enlightenment contribute to the Intellectual transformation that led to new research fields in chemistry, physics, mathematics, etc.?
'Enlightenment was the final product of intellectual dynamics dating back to the 17th century when modern science emerged'
How did advancements in communication technology impact access to information during this period?
Made communications easier, faster, cheaper, allowing a larger number of people to move and access greater stocks of information.
What characterized Europe's engagement in wars during this period?
Europe has been engaged in an almost uninterrupted string of wars that led to many political subjects disappearing.
What were the significant events that led to the unification of Germany?
Second Schleswig War, Prussian-Austrian War, Franco-Prussian War
What factors contributed to the emergence of the Paris Commune in 1871?
Rise of industrial workers as a new social class and their growing political consciousness
What were the key characteristics of the Second Industrial Revolution?
Introduction of electricity, chemicals, and modern banking system
How did the relationship between banks and industries impact the economy during the Second Industrial Revolution?
Led to the formation of monopolies and increased political power of companies
What policy characterized Bismarck's approach post-Second Industrial Revolution?
Self-restraint policy/realpolitik
What aggressive posture was adopted after Bismarck's era?
Aggressive posture aimed at asserting German hegemony (weltpolitik)
What were the challenges faced by governments during the Second Industrial Revolution?
The need to 'normalize' socialist forces and address economic and social tensions
What were the driving forces behind the Paris Commune and similar revolutionary governments in other French cities?
Challenges to the existing political status quo and the emergence of industrial workers as a new social class
What were the outcomes of the Second Industrial Revolution for the European economy and politics?
Modernization of the economy and increased political power of companies
What were the main consequences of the deterioration of British-German relations post-Second Industrial Revolution?
Foundation of World War I
Who led the republic established in France after the overthrow of the Orlean regime in February 1848?
Louis Napoleon Bonaparte
What were the immediate reasons for the Crimean War?
French and Russian disagreement over the protection of Christians in the Ottoman Empire
Who got French support for the Italian cause during the Italian unification movement?
Count Camillo Benso di Cavour
When was Italy established as a result of the unification movement?
17th March 1861
Which country did Italy annex Venetia from during the Third War of Independence in 1866?
Austria
What did the Treaty of Paris 1856 neutralize, and how long did it last?
The Treaty of Paris 1856 neutralized the Black Sea and lasted until 1870
What was the Plombières agreement, and when was it signed?
It was an agreement that got French support for the Italian cause, signed on 28th July 1858
What marked the beginning of the 19th century as an age of transition?
The overthrow of the Orlean regime in France in February 1848
What were the conflicting interests of the Great Powers in the Balkan question?
Decline in rule, rise of nationalism, establishment of autonomous and then independent states
What were the consequences of the Arab question?
Decline in rule and British support of the Ottoman until the first decade of the 20th century
Test your knowledge about the impact of the American Independence War and the French Revolution on traditional political legitimization, economics, and the scientific method. Explore how these events challenged the divine right of the king, political hierarchies, mercantilism, and contributed to the consolidation of the scientific method.
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