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Questions and Answers
Define Imperialism.
Define Imperialism.
The economic and political domination of a strong nation over weaker ones.
Why do nations act in imperialism?
Why do nations act in imperialism?
To gain control of the land or resources of another nation.
What is expansionism? Provide two definitions.
What is expansionism? Provide two definitions.
- The act or process of increasing or enlarging the extent, number, volume, or scope. 2. The policy of taking control of land in other nations aside from one's own.
What is Manifest Destiny?
What is Manifest Destiny?
What is a colony? Provide two definitions.
What is a colony? Provide two definitions.
What is a protectorate?
What is a protectorate?
Who rules in a protectorate, and what is a result of this?
Who rules in a protectorate, and what is a result of this?
What are the three main causes of American Imperialism?
What are the three main causes of American Imperialism?
What are political reasons for American Imperialism? Provide four reasons.
What are political reasons for American Imperialism? Provide four reasons.
What are Anglo-Saxons?
What are Anglo-Saxons?
What were two methods to maintain political superiority?
What were two methods to maintain political superiority?
What are military reasons for American Imperialism? Provide two reasons.
What are military reasons for American Imperialism? Provide two reasons.
What were methods of maintaining military control? Provide two methods.
What were methods of maintaining military control? Provide two methods.
What are economic reasons for American Imperialism? Provide three reasons.
What are economic reasons for American Imperialism? Provide three reasons.
What were methods of maintaining economic control? Provide two methods.
What were methods of maintaining economic control? Provide two methods.
Why was Hawaii desired by the U.S.?
Why was Hawaii desired by the U.S.?
Why did Queen Liliuokalani surrender her throne?
Why did Queen Liliuokalani surrender her throne?
Who became president of Hawaii?
Who became president of Hawaii?
When was Hawaii annexed by the U.S.?
When was Hawaii annexed by the U.S.?
What two countries did Spain control?
What two countries did Spain control?
What did Cuba produce for the world?
What did Cuba produce for the world?
When did the USS Maine sink and why was it sent there?
When did the USS Maine sink and why was it sent there?
What was a rallying cry for those demanding a declaration of war against Spain?
What was a rallying cry for those demanding a declaration of war against Spain?
When did the U.S. declare war on Spain?
When did the U.S. declare war on Spain?
Who were the Rough Riders?
Who were the Rough Riders?
When did the Spanish-American War end?
When did the Spanish-American War end?
What did the Treaty of Paris do? Provide two things.
What did the Treaty of Paris do? Provide two things.
What were reasons President McKinley believed that the U.S. had to control the Philippines? Provide two reasons.
What were reasons President McKinley believed that the U.S. had to control the Philippines? Provide two reasons.
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Study Notes
Imperialism Overview
- Imperialism is the economic and political domination of stronger nations over weaker ones.
- Nations pursue imperialism to gain control of land and resources from other countries.
Expansionism
- Defined as increasing the extent, number, volume, or scope of a nation's influence or territory.
- Involves taking control of foreign lands beyond one’s own.
Manifest Destiny
- A belief that it's a nation's divine right to expand based on its needs.
Colonies
- A colony consists of people living in new territories while maintaining ties to their parent state.
- Political and economic control rests with the imperial power.
Protectorate
- A protectorate is a country that, while independent, is actually controlled by another nation.
- Local rulers retain their authority but must accept guidance from the imperial power.
Causes of American Imperialism
- Three primary causes: Political, Military, and Economic.
Political Motivations
- Beliefs in cultural and racial superiority of Anglo-Saxons drive imperialist agendas.
- Aims to spread Western laws, governance, and Christianity.
Anglo-Saxons
- Refers to white, English-speaking populations.
Maintaining Political Superiority
- Involves manipulating leadership within the U.S. government.
- Promotes Anglo-Saxon cultural and political influence via missionaries and educators.
Military Motivations
- Desire for military strength to protect interests overseas.
- Establishing a modern naval fleet for global shipping protection.
Maintaining Military Control
- Employing military force to support or overthrow foreign regimes.
- Maintaining overseas military bases to secure territories.
Economic Motivations
- Seeking new markets for goods and resources.
- Overproduction due to new technology necessitates foreign trade to reduce unemployment.
Maintaining Economic Control
- Exploiting colonies for natural resources and raw materials.
- Creating dependency on the colonizer's products and agriculture.
Hawaii and U.S. Interests
- Hawaii was sought for its strategic value as a naval base and its productive sugar plantations.
- Queen Liliuokalani surrendered her throne to prevent bloodshed.
Annexation of Hawaii
- Sanford B. Dole became the president of Hawaii after its annexation in 1898.
Spanish Control and U.S. Interests
- Spain controlled the Philippines and Cuba.
- Cuba was a significant producer, accounting for one-third of the world's sugar supply.
USS Maine Incident
- The USS Maine sank on February 15, 1898, while evacuating Americans from Cuba.
- The slogan "Remember the Maine" became a rallying cry for war against Spain.
Spanish-American War
- The U.S. declared war on Spain on April 19, 1898.
- The Rough Riders, led by Theodore Roosevelt, famously charged San Juan Hill.
End of the Spanish-American War
- The war concluded in August 1898.
- The Treaty of Paris resulted in Spain recognizing Cuba’s independence and ceding the Philippines, Puerto Rico, and Guam to the U.S. for $20 million.
President McKinley's Justification for Control of the Philippines
- McKinley believed Filipino rebels were unsuitable for self-governance, risking civil war.
- He argued for the necessity of American efforts to civilize and govern the Philippines.
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