Questions and Answers
Which region helped the economy by trading with England for clothes?
What was the term for the governing class in the South during this era?
Planter Aristocracy
Who was the author known for creating an idealized feudal society?
Sir Walter Scott
Over Speculation involves buying stocks for more than what they are worth, leading to __________.
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What does a One Crop Economy depend on for income?
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Non-slave owners sought slavery for economic equality.
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What was a characteristic of Free Blacks in the North?
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What responsibilities did female slaves have in addition to their own family care?
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What impactful book did Harriet Beecher Stowe write?
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Who was a prominent abolitionist and editor of 'The Liberator'?
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What motivated Denmark Vesey's actions in 1822?
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What was Nat Turner's rebellion a sign of?
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What was the 'Cotton Kingdom'?
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What did British Emancipation in 1833 achieve?
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What was the goal of the American Colonization Society established in 1837?
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Who was David Walker and what did he advocate for?
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Match the following historical figures with their contributions:
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What characterized the Southern Hierarchy?
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What were Slave Codes?
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What idea was captured by the term 'Manifest Destiny'?
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Study Notes
Cotton and the States
- The North's economy benefited from exporting cotton to England, which relied heavily on U.S. textiles.
- The South produced half of the world's cotton and was entirely dependent on the enslavement of African Americans.
Planter Aristocracy
- A small wealthy elite governed the South, shaping its political, economic, and social life.
- Wealthiest planters owned at least 40-50 slaves and over 800 acres of land, leading affluent lifestyles with education for their children.
- Women in these households depended on enslaved people for domestic work.
Sir Walter Scott
- An author who created idealized depictions of feudal societies, diverting attention from contemporary issues.
Over Speculation
- Refers to the practice of purchasing stocks or assets at inflated prices beyond their actual value.
One Crop Economy
- Economic systems reliant solely on the cultivation of a single crop, leading to vulnerability.
Non-Slave Owners and Slavery
- Non-slave owners supported slavery primarily for its racial superiority benefits, enhancing their social status.
Free Blacks
- In the North, free blacks encountered restrictions such as job limitations and exclusion from certain states.
- In the South, free blacks faced community isolation and prohibitions on occupations and legal rights.
Female Slaves
- Enslaved women were responsible for domestic chores and caring for their families, often promised freedom after bearing ten children.
Harriet Beecher Stowe
- Authored "Uncle Tom's Cabin" in 1852, a significant anti-slavery novel that swayed Northern opinions against slavery.
Sojourner Truth
- An abolitionist and feminist born into slavery who escaped in 1827, advocating fiercely for both anti-slavery and women's rights.
William Lloyd Garrison
- A leading abolitionist and founder of the anti-slavery newspaper "The Liberator"; he cofounded the American Anti-Slavery Society.
Wendell Phillips
- Close associate of Garrison and co-founder of the American Anti-Slavery Society in 1833.
Pro-Slavery Arguments
- Southern defenders shifted to arguing that slavery was not only a necessary evil but a positive good, claiming moral and economic superiority.
Life Under the Lash
- Enslaved individuals lived without civil rights or legal marriages, facing severe punishments, including whippings, for disobedience.
- The "black belt" referred to areas heavily populated by enslaved individuals in the deep South.
Cultural Maintenance Among Slaves
- Slaves retained cultural identity through family naming traditions, spiritual practices blending Christianity and African elements, and communal dances.
Gabriel Prosser (1800)
- Led a failed slave rebellion plan in Virginia with 1,000 participants; betrayed by informants, resulting in his execution.
Denmark Vesey (1822)
- A mulatto who inspired a rebellion in Charleston, South Carolina, thwarted by betrayal, leading to his execution along with followers.
Nat Turner (1831)
- Enslaved man who led a significant revolt, driven by perceived divine signs; his uprising reinforced pro-slavery laws in Virginia.
Cotton Kingdom
- Regions in the South like Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, and parts of Texas where cotton farming thrived due to high demand.
"Sold Down the River"
- Northern slave owners sold house servants to Southern plantations, betraying their loyalty and causing distress.
British Emancipation (1833)
- In this year, Britain abolished slavery in its West Indies territories.
American Colonization Society (1837)
- An organization advocating for the relocation of free blacks to Africa, resulting in the establishment of Liberia.
Theodore Dwight Weld
- Prominent abolitionist in the 1830s and creator of the "Land Rebels," who spread anti-slavery messages across the Northwest.
Lyman Beecher
- A key figure in the Second Great Awakening and a proponent of the temperance movement.
David Walker
- A black abolitionist advocating for immediate emancipation in "Appeal to the Colored Citizens of the World," calling for revolt against oppression.
Martin Delaney
- One of the few black leaders focused on large-scale resettlement in Africa; explored potential colonization sites in West Africa.
Elijah P. Lovejoy
- A journalist and minister murdered for his strong abolitionist stance, symbolizing the violent opposition faced by anti-slavery activists.
"Free-soilers"
- Individuals opposed to the expansion of slavery into new western territories.
Southern Hierarchy
- Social structure in the South consisted of a small class of planters, followed by small farmers, slaveless whites (crackers), hillbillies, and enslaved individuals.
Slave Codes
- Laws governing enslaved people in Southern states, regulating their behavior and limiting their rights.
Manifest Destiny
- The belief in the 1840s that the U.S. was destined to expand its territory from the Atlantic to the Pacific, influencing territorial acquisitions.
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Description
Explore the complex relationship between the North and South in the context of cotton production and slavery. This quiz covers the economic impacts of cotton, the planter aristocracy, and the societal dynamics of the period. Test your knowledge of key themes and figures such as Sir Walter Scott and the implications of a one-crop economy.
