Questions and Answers
What is suffrage?
What is the spoils system?
The practice of giving people government jobs on the basis of party loyalty
What is the caucus system?
A nomination system in which the members of the party who are serving in Congress choose the party's candidate.
What was the Tariff of Abominations?
Signup and view all the answers
What does it mean to secede?
Signup and view all the answers
Who was Daniel Webster?
Signup and view all the answers
What was the Force Bill?
Signup and view all the answers
What was the Indian Removal Act?
Signup and view all the answers
What was the Trail of Tears?
Signup and view all the answers
What was the Panic of 1837?
Signup and view all the answers
What is nativism?
Signup and view all the answers
What were the Know-Nothings?
Signup and view all the answers
What was the Second Great Awakening?
Signup and view all the answers
Who was Charles Grandison Finney?
Signup and view all the answers
Who was Joseph Smith?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a utopia?
Signup and view all the answers
What is romanticism?
Signup and view all the answers
What is transcendentalism?
Signup and view all the answers
Who was Dorothea Dix?
Signup and view all the answers
Who was Lyman Beecher?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a benevolent society?
Signup and view all the answers
What is temperance?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a penitentiary?
Signup and view all the answers
Who was Horace Mann?
Signup and view all the answers
Who was Elizabeth Cady Stanton?
Signup and view all the answers
What was the Seneca Falls Convention?
Signup and view all the answers
What was the American Colonization Society?
Signup and view all the answers
What is abolition?
Signup and view all the answers
Who was William Lloyd Garrison?
Signup and view all the answers
What is emancipation?
Signup and view all the answers
What was the American Anti-Slavery Society?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Suffrage and Political Systems
- Suffrage refers to the right to vote, a key democratic principle.
- Spoils System involves granting government jobs based on political loyalty rather than merit.
- Caucus System is a nomination method where party members in Congress select their candidate.
Tariffs and State Rights
- Tariff of Abominations was passed in 1828, benefiting Northern manufacturing but deeply resented in the South.
- Secede means to formally withdraw from the Union, often referenced in the context of Southern states.
- Force Bill empowered the federal government to collect tariffs by force if necessary.
Native American Policies
- Indian Removal Act of 1830 authorized the relocation of Native Americans east of the Mississippi River.
- Trail of Tears describes the forced 800-mile march of the Cherokee to Indian Territory (1838-39), resulting in significant suffering.
Economic Challenges
- Panic of 1837 was an economic depression triggered by President Jackson's policies, leading to bank closures and high unemployment.
Social Movements
- Nativism embodies hostility toward immigrants, driven by fear of foreign influence.
- Know-Nothings were an anti-immigrant political group active during the 1840s and 1850s, also known as the American Party.
- Second Great Awakening was a 19th-century religious revival emphasizing personal responsibility and societal improvement.
- Charles Grandison Finney was a prominent preacher in the revivalist movement, advocating for social reform.
Religious and Utopian Movements
- Joseph Smith founded the Mormon Church in 1830, significantly impacting American religion.
- Utopia refers to the concept of an ideal society, often sought in various reform movements.
- Romanticism focused on emotion, individualism, and nature, a reaction against industrialization in the late 1700s.
- Transcendentalism encouraged individuals to go beyond the limits of their minds to appreciate the beauty of existence.
Reform and Education
- Dorothea Dix campaigned for the care of the mentally ill and prison reform in the U.S.
- Lyman Beecher was a Presbyterian minister influential in the temperance movement and the Second Great Awakening.
- Benevolent Societies were community organizations formed to assist immigrants and promote social welfare.
- Temperance advocates called for moderation or complete abstinence from alcohol.
Criminal Justice and Education
- Penitentiary facilities were based on the idea that inmates could reform through reflection.
- Horace Mann was a pioneer in educational reform, serving as the first secretary of the Massachusetts Board of Education.
Women's Rights and Abolition
- Elizabeth Cady Stanton was a leader in the women's suffrage movement, co-organizing the Seneca Falls Conference in 1848.
- Seneca Falls Convention marked a significant moment for women's rights, presenting the Declaration of Rights and Sentiments.
- American Colonization Society sought to end slavery by relocating free blacks to Africa, resulting in the creation of Liberia.
- Abolition was a movement aimed at ending slavery in the United States.
- William Lloyd Garrison was a notable abolitionist advocating for immediate emancipation and the separation from Southern states.
- Emancipation signifies the liberation of all enslaved individuals.
- American Anti-Slavery Society was founded in 1833 by Garrison, promoting the immediate abolition of slavery with widespread membership by 1838.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge on key terms from Chapter 6: The Spirit of Reform. This quiz covers important concepts such as suffrage, the spoils system, and the caucus system, providing you with definitions to enhance your understanding. Perfect for revision and study preparation.