Revivalism and Reform in America
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Questions and Answers

Which group was the largest Protestant denomination during the Second Great Awakening?

  • Congregationalists
  • Presbyterians
  • Baptists
  • Methodists (correct)

The Second Great Awakening only attracted white individuals to its revivals.

False (B)

What was the primary goal of the Temperance Movement?

To promote abstinence from alcohol.

The year _____ marked the formation of the American Temperance Society.

<p>1826</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following Protestant denominations with their growth during the Second Great Awakening:

<p>Baptists = Grew significantly Methodists = Largest denomination Presbyterians = Increased in numbers Congregationalists = Expanded their reach</p> Signup and view all the answers

How much alcohol did the average American consume per year in 1825?

<p>7 gallons (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The 'Cult of Domesticity' emphasized women's roles as household caretakers.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name one major event that exemplified the outdoor camp meetings during the Second Great Awakening.

<p>Cane Ridge, Kentucky</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements reflects the double standard in beliefs about sexuality?

<p>Women’s reputations are permanently damaged by premarital or adulterous sex. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The doctrine of separate spheres arose as a result of industrialization, which divided home life from business life.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main argument of William Lloyd Garrison regarding the abolition of slavery?

<p>Slavery should be abolished immediately.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The practice of wanting to settle freed slaves in colonies in Africa is known as __________.

<p>colonization</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following beliefs with their corresponding aspects of the abolition movement:

<p>Immediatism = Abolition of slavery should happen immediately Anti-Colonization = Colonization is considered racist Anti-Compensation = Owners should not be compensated for freeing slaves Moral Opposition = Slavery is morally wrong and goes against American ideals</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which career became the primary option for women as a result of industrialization?

<p>Running the home (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The early abolition movement was characterized by immediate emancipation of enslaved people.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name one hardship that was brought about by slavery according to abolitionist beliefs.

<p>Family separation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Second Great Awakening

A period of widespread religious revival across the United States in the early 19th century.

Camp Meetings

Outdoor gatherings that lasted for days where people listened to preachers and sought religious revival.

Simple Message of Salvation

The belief that individuals could achieve salvation through personal faith and devotion, regardless of their social status.

Temperance Movement

A movement advocating for the reduction or elimination of alcohol consumption due to concerns about its social harms.

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Cult of Domesticity

The idea that women were primarily responsible for the home and family, nurturing domesticity and raising children.

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Abstinence

The concept that individuals should abstain from alcohol consumption, believing it was morally wrong and damaging to society.

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American Temperance Society

A 19th-century American organization promoting abstinence from alcohol, which grew into a large network of local societies.

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Reduced Alcohol Consumption

A significant decrease in alcohol consumption in the United States in the mid-19th century, attributed to the success of the Temperance Movement.

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Women's Moral Superiority

Women were seen as having superior moral character compared to men.

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Double Standard in Sexuality

Men were not considered permanently damaged by engaging in premarital or adulterous sex, while women's reputations were irrevocably tarnished.

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Doctrine of Separate Spheres

This doctrine suggests that men should dominate the public sphere of work and politics, while women should focus on the domestic sphere of home, family, and morality.

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Decline of Women's Careers

The decline of cottage industries forced many women to primarily focus on running the home after industrialization.

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Gradual Emancipation

A belief that slavery should be abolished gradually, with slaves eventually being freed.

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Colonization

A proposal to relocate freed slaves to colonies in Africa.

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Compensation

Offering compensation to slave owners for their loss of property when slaves were freed.

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New Abolition Movement

A radical abolitionist movement that advocated for the immediate abolition of slavery without compensation.

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Study Notes

Revivalism and Reform

  • Religious revivals swept the nation, particularly impacting Protestant denominations like Baptists and Methodists
  • Camp meetings, lasting days, drew large crowds (e.g., 10,000 people at Cane Ridge, Kentucky in 1801)
  • Revivals emphasized personal salvation and religious experience, attracting people from all social backgrounds (men, women, white, African American, and Native American)
  • The Second Great Awakening spurred growth in evangelical Protestantism, including Baptists, Presbyterians, Congregationalists, and Methodists.
  • Church attendance increased significantly by mid-1840s.

Temperance Movement

  • Americans consumed significantly more alcohol per adult than today (7 gallons/year in 1825, compared to a much lower amount today)
  • Alcohol abuse led to societal problems like poverty and violence.
  • Temperance Societies were created with pastors urging members to abstain from alcohol
  • These groups encouraged abstinence and preached about the negative impacts of alcohol on the soul
  • The American Temperance Society was formed in 1826, and by 1836, local temperance groups grew to 5,000
  • These movements successfully decreased overall alcohol consumption to under 2 gallons per year by 1845.

Family Life

  • The "Cult of Domesticity" emerged in the first half of the 19th century, emphasizing women's role as homemakers and caregivers, in charge of the household.

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Lecture 17: Revivalism & Reform (19th Century)

Description

Explore the movements of revivalism and temperance in America, focusing on the Second Great Awakening and the societal impact of alcohol consumption. Understand how these religious revivals influenced various demographic groups and led to the formation of temperance societies. This quiz delves into a transformative period in American history.

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