American History Chapter 5 Test Review

Questions and Answers

Who was Benjamin Franklin?

Patriot inventor and politician who helped negotiate French support for the American Revolution.

What role did Col. Francis Smith play in the American Revolution?

Loyalist member of the British military ordered to seize Patriot weapons and leaders in Concord, Massachusetts.

Who was Col. William Prescott?

Patriot leader at the Battle of Bunker Hill in 1775.

Who is Gen. Benedict Arnold?

Patriot General labeled a traitor for assisting the British in a failed attempt to take Fort West Point. Signup and view all the answers

What is Gen. Ethan Allen known for?

Patriot soldier who helped capture Fort Ticonderoga from the British. Signup and view all the answers

Who was Gen. Thomas Gage?

Loyalist British general who controlled Boston following the Boston Tea Party. Signup and view all the answers

What was John Hancock's role in the American Revolution?

Patriot leader and president of the Second Continental Congress; first person to sign the Declaration of Independence. Signup and view all the answers

What did Thomas Jefferson do?

Delegate from Virginia at the Second Continental Congress who wrote the Declaration of Independence. Signup and view all the answers

Who authored 'Common Sense'?

Thomas Paine. Signup and view all the answers

Who was William Dawes?

American patriot who rode with Paul Revere to warn that the British were advancing on Lexington and Concord. Signup and view all the answers

What were the actions of the 2nd Continental Congress?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is a boycott?

A refusal to buy or use goods and services. Signup and view all the answers

What is an effigy?

Representation or image of a person, especially a crude facsimile used to mock a hated person. Signup and view all the answers

Who were the Green Mountain Boys?

Group of Vermont soldiers who captured Fort Ticonderoga in 1775. Signup and view all the answers

Who were the Loyalists?

American colonists who remained loyal to Britain and opposed the war for independence. Signup and view all the answers

What were the Minutemen?

Members of a militia during the American Revolution who could be ready to fight in sixty seconds. Signup and view all the answers

What was the Olive Branch Petition?

An offer of peace sent by the Second Continental Congress to King George III. Signup and view all the answers

Who were the Patriots?

American colonists who fought for independence from Great Britain during the Revolutionary War. Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean to repeal a law?

To cancel a law. Signup and view all the answers

What were the Sons of Liberty?

A radical political organization formed to protest British acts. Signup and view all the answers

What are writs of assistance?

Blanket search warrants used by British custom officials to invade homes. Signup and view all the answers

What happened at Bunker Hill?

Showed that colonists could stand against British forces, inflicting large casualties but ultimately losing due to ammunition shortage. Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of Concord, Massachusetts?

It was a town where Patriots stored weapons and ammunition, targeted by the British. Signup and view all the answers

What happened at Fort Ticonderoga?

Patriots led by Ethan Allen surprised an outpost on Lake Champlain and captured cannons. Signup and view all the answers

What happened in Lexington, Massachusetts?

It was the site where the first shot of the Revolutionary War was fired. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Key Figures in the American Revolution

Benjamin Franklin: Influential patriot, inventor, and politician; instrumental in securing French support during the American Revolution.
Col. Francis Smith: British Loyalist officer tasked with seizing Patriot resources and leaders in Concord, Massachusetts.
Col. William Prescott: Notable Patriot leader during the significant Battle of Bunker Hill in 1775.
Gen. Benedict Arnold: Initially a hero for the Patriot cause, he became infamous for his betrayal in a plot to hand over Fort West Point to the British.
Gen. Ethan Allen: Commander of the Green Mountain Boys; successfully captured Fort Ticonderoga, securing vital artillery for the revolution.
Gen. Thomas Gage: Loyalist British general who held control over Boston after the Boston Tea Party.
John Hancock: Prominent Patriot and president of the Second Continental Congress; known for his bold signature on the Declaration of Independence.
Thomas Jefferson: Key delegate from Virginia; principal author of the Declaration of Independence.
Thomas Paine: Influential writer; authored "Common Sense," a pamphlet advocating for independence from Britain.

Significant Events and Concepts

2nd Continental Congress: Organized to govern the colonies; notable actions included sending the Olive Branch Petition, establishing the Continental Army with George Washington at its helm, and drafting a declaration of independence.
Boycott: A method of protest where colonists refused to purchase British goods as a form of resistance against oppressive laws.
Effigy: Symbolic representation used to mock figures seen as antagonistic, particularly by the colonists against British officials.
Green Mountain Boys: Militia group from Vermont credited with the successful capture of Fort Ticonderoga.
Loyalists: Colonists who remained loyal to the British crown and resisted the revolutionary movements.
Minutemen: Members of colonial militias trained to be ready to fight at a moment's notice, typically within sixty seconds.
Olive Branch Petition: A last diplomatic effort to maintain peace, sent to King George III by the Second Continental Congress.
Patriots: Colonists supporting independence from Britain; core group fighting in the Revolutionary War.
Repeal: The act of revoking or canceling a law or legislative act.

Military Engagements

Sons of Liberty: An activist group led by Samuel Adams using various methods, including protests and boycotts, to oppose British measures like the Stamp Act.
Writs of Assistance: General search warrants enabling British customs officials to enter and search private properties for smuggled goods.
Bunker Hill: A pivotal battle demonstrating colonial resilience; while the British secured victory, they suffered significant casualties.
Concord, Massachusetts: A critical location for Patriot arms and munitions; targeted by British forces aiming to suppress the rebellion.
Fort Ticonderoga: Site of a surprise attack by Ethan Allen’s troops, resulting in the capture of important artillery for the American cause.
Lexington, Massachusetts: Notable for being the site of the war's first shots, where local militias confronted British troops to protect Patriot supplies.

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Prepare for your Chapter 5 test in American History with these flashcards focusing on key figures and events. Understand the contributions of important patriots and loyalists during the American Revolution. This quiz will help reinforce your knowledge and readiness for assessments.