Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which style is characterized by the use of Chinese motifs and bamboo legs?
Which style is characterized by the use of Chinese motifs and bamboo legs?
Which designer is known for producing chairs with straight, slender legs that taper down to the foot?
Which designer is known for producing chairs with straight, slender legs that taper down to the foot?
The ADAM style is associated with which decorative motifs?
The ADAM style is associated with which decorative motifs?
What type of tables did Thomas Sheraton design?
What type of tables did Thomas Sheraton design?
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Which period is characterized by strong influence from the Adam Brothers and Hepplewhite designs?
Which period is characterized by strong influence from the Adam Brothers and Hepplewhite designs?
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Which furniture designer is noted as the last great 18th-century English furniture designer?
Which furniture designer is noted as the last great 18th-century English furniture designer?
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What unique design elements are commonly found in Duncan Phyfe's American style?
What unique design elements are commonly found in Duncan Phyfe's American style?
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Which designers are known for their furniture produced from Adam Specifications?
Which designers are known for their furniture produced from Adam Specifications?
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Which motifs are associated with the design styles in the Georgian period?
Which motifs are associated with the design styles in the Georgian period?
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Which architectural plans were often utilized during the Middle Georgian period?
Which architectural plans were often utilized during the Middle Georgian period?
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Study Notes
Early American (1608-1720)
- Virginia and New England furniture styles were crude copies of English Jacobean, Restoration, and William and Mary styles.
Middle Georgian (1750-1770)
- Chinese influences seen in furniture include Marlborough legs and clustered bamboo legs, featuring tracery, latticework, and painted chinoiserie figures on frames and mantels.
- Prominent Adam Brothers: Robert, James, John, and William, inspired by archaeological finds at Pompeii and Herculaneum.
- Architectural designs often featured semi-circular, segmented, or octagonal plans with cut out niche walls.
- Hepplewhite and Sheraton produced furniture aligned with Adam specifications.
- Common motifs include oval paterae, rosettes, radiating patterns, urns, ram's heads with garlands, and festoons.
- Notable artists: Horace Walpole, Joshua Reynolds, Thomas Gainsborough, Oliver Goldsmith, Samuel Johnson, James Bowell, Richard Wilson, Pergolese, Zucchi.
- Adam Style characterized by designs featuring amorini, sphinxes, and arabesques.
- Adam Furniture was crafted in satinwood with marquetry and inlay panels.
- George Hepplewhite was known for slender, straight tapering chair legs and innovative chair designs, including shields, camelbacks, hearts, ovals, and wheels.
Late Georgian (1750-1770)
- Thomas Sheraton was the last significant 18th-century English furniture designer, favoring interiors with paper paneling and ornamental borders.
- Chair-back enrichment included lyres, urns, and spindles.
- Sheraton's designs featured twin beds, Pembroke tables, and kidney-shaped desks.
- Motifs commonly found in Sheraton's work: rosettes, urns, festoons, pendant flowers, sunbursts, vases, along with inlay work that utilized fine ebony lines.
- Other motifs: sphinxes, lions, and imposing Roman and Egyptian designs.
- Key artists of the period included Johann Zoffany, Henry Holland, Joseph Turner, John Nash, in addition to Reynolds and Gainsborough.
Georgian Period (1720-1790)
- High-quality reproductions of Queen Anne style made in Newport and Williamsburg.
Post-Colonial/Federal (1790-1820)
- Design trends heavily influenced by Adam Brothers, Hepplewhite, and Sheraton.
Greek Revival (1820-1860)
- Distinct American style represented by Duncan Phyfe.
- Notable features included lyres for chair backs and arm supports.
- Furniture designs incorporated "Grecian Sofas" with cornucopia legs and scroll sides.
- Decorative elements included swags, tassels, plumes, rosettes, vases, urns, and bow knots.
- Preferred materials were mainly mahogany and satinwood.
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Description
Explore the evolution of American furniture from early colonial influences to the Middle Georgian period. Learn about the styles inspired by English designs and the unique aesthetics introduced by the Adam Brothers. This quiz highlights key elements, notable artists, and influential motifs in American furniture design.
