Amebiasis Symptoms: Signs and Symptoms of Amebiasis Quiz and Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

Match the parasite with its characteristic size range for trophozoites:

Endolimax nana = 8 to 12μm Entamoeba histolytica = 12 to 55μm Entamoeba polecki = 18 to 27μm Entamoeba hartmanni = 12 to 55μm

Match the parasite with its characteristic motility for trophozoites:

Entamoeba coli = Sluggish, nonprogressive Entamoeba gingivalis = Rapid and jerky Acanthamoeba species = Flagellated Naegleria fowleri = Ciliated

Match the parasite with the description of its cysts:

Entamoeba histolytica = Thick cell wall surrounds the round to spherical cyst Entamoeba polecki = Thin delicate cyst wall Iodamoeba butschlii = Usually uninucleate Endolimax nana = One to eight nuclei with typical nuclear features

Match the parasite with its typical life cycle location in stool:

Entamoeba coli = Trophozoites in diarrheal stool, cysts in formed stool Acanthamoeba species = Cysts in formed stool, trophozoites in diarrheal stool Naegleria fowleri = Trophozoites in formed stool, cysts in diarrheal stool Iodamoeba butschlii = Cysts in both formed and diarrheal stool, trophozoites in neither Signup and view all the answers

Match the parasite with its pathogenicity status:

Entamoeba hartmanni = Nonpathogenic Entamoeba histolytica = Pathogenic Iodamoeba butschlii = Nonpathogenic Naegleria fowleri = Pathogenic Signup and view all the answers

Match the parasite with its importance in medical diagnosis:

Endolimax nana = Can be confused with pathogenic Entamoeba histolytica on microscopic examination Acanthamoeba species = Causes serious infections of the central nervous system Iodamoeba butschlii = Typically associated with asymptomatic carriage in humans Naegleria fowleri = Causes primary amebic meningoencephalitis Signup and view all the answers

Match the following characteristics with Entamoeba histolytica:

Causes amoebiasis = Entamoeba histolytica Trophozoites exhibit rapid, unidirectional movement = Entamoeba histolytica Cysts are smaller than trophozoites = Entamoeba histolytica Single nucleus contains a small karyosome = Entamoeba histolytica Signup and view all the answers

Match the following parasites with their size range in micrometers:

Endolimax nana = 8 to 12μm Entamoeba coli = 12 to 18μm Entamoeba polecki = 12 to 18μm Iodamoeba butschlii = 8 to 12μm Signup and view all the answers

Match the following characteristics with Acanthamoeba species:

Commonly associated with infections in contact lens wearers = Acanthamoeba species Can cause a serious infection of the central nervous system = Acanthamoeba species Exhibits both cyst and trophozoite stages = Acanthamoeba species Can be found in soil, water, and air = Acanthamoeba species Signup and view all the answers

Match the following parasites with their clinical significance:

Entamoeba gingivalis = Found in the oral cavity and considered non-pathogenic Naegleria fowleri = Causes primary amoebic meningoencephalitis Entamoeba hartmanni = Considered non-pathogenic and found in the human colon Entamoeba coli = Considered non-pathogenic and found in human feces Signup and view all the answers

Match the following parasites with their characteristics related to pseudopods:

Entamoeba histolytica = Has finger-like hyaline pseudopods Entamoeba polecki = Has pseudopods with different morphology than E. histolytica Iodamoeba butschlii = Lacks pseudopods entirely Endolimax nana = Has distinct broad blunt pseudopods Signup and view all the answers

Match the following parasites with their treatment options:

Entamoeba histolytica = Treated with metronidazole or tinidazole followed by a luminal agent like iodoquinol or paromomycin Acanthamoeba species = Difficult to treat due to resistance to many antiprotozoal drugs Naegleria fowleri = Treatment includes amphotericin B, rifampicin, and azithromycin among others Endolimax nana = Generally considered non-pathogenic and does not require specific treatment Signup and view all the answers

Match the following amoeba with their characteristics:

Endolimax nana = Non-pathogenic amoeba with worldwide distribution Entamoeba histolytica = Amoeba that multiplies rapidly and causes lytic necrosis, abscess, and ulcer Entamoeba polecki = Amoeba with invasive stage that ingests red blood cells Entamoeba hartmanni = Non-pathogenic amoeba without an invasive stage Signup and view all the answers

Match the following amoeba with their sizes:

Entamoeba coli = Trophozoites measuring 8 to 12μm Entamoeba gingivalis = Cysts ranging in size from 5 to 12μm Iodamoeba butschlii = Cysts with an average size of 7 to 9μm Acanthamoeba species = Trophozoites exhibiting nonprogressive motility Signup and view all the answers

Match the following amoeba with their life cycle stages:

Naegleria fowleri = Found in diarrheal stool Entamoeba histolytica = Migrates to the large intestine after excystation in the small intestine Entamoeba coli = Typically found in formed stool Entamoeba hartmanni = Occurs after ingestion of mature cysts in fecally contaminated food Signup and view all the answers

Match the following amoeba with their treatment options:

Endolimax nana = No specific treatment required Entamoeba histolytica = Treated with nitroimidazole for intestinal infection Entamoeba polecki = Requires metronidazole and chloroquine for liver abscess treatment Acanthamoeba species = May require paromomycin or diloxanide furoate for asymptomatic cases Signup and view all the answers

Match the following amoeba with their clinical symptoms:

Iodamoeba butschlii = Asymptomatic carrier state Entamoeba gingivalis = Symptomatic intestinal amebiasis Naegleria fowleri = Symptomatic extraintestinal amebiasis (meningoencephalitis) Acanthamoeba species = Can cause amoebic liver abscess and amoebic pneumonitis Signup and view all the answers

Match the following amoeba with their motility characteristics:

Endolimax nana = Standard finger-shaped pseudopods Entamoeba polecki = Exhibits nonprogressive motility Entamoeba hartmanni = Does not have an invasive stage Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Phylum Sarcomastigophora

Amoeba is a single-celled protozoa that constantly changes its shape due to the presence of pseudopodia.
The word "amoeba" is derived from the Greek word "amoibe," meaning "change."

Entamoeba histolytica

Discovered by Loschin in 1875.
Found in the dysenteric feces of a patient in St. Petersburg, Russia.
Named and differentiated from E. coli by Fritz Schaudinn.
Anaerobic parasitic amoebozoan that infects humans and other primates, causing amoebiasis.
Estimated to infect about 50 million people worldwide.

Morphology of Entamoeba histolytica

Trophozoites:
- Range in size from 12 to 60μm, with an average size of 12 to 25μm.
- Exhibit rapid, unidirectional, progressive movement.
- Have finger-like hyaline pseudopods.
- Single nucleus contains a small karyosome.
Cysts:
- Spherical to round in shape.
- Smaller than trophozoites, measuring 8 to 22μm, with an average range of 12 to 18μm.

Laboratory Diagnosis and Clinical Significance

Stool examination for trophozoites and cysts.
Asymptomatic infections are common.
Treatment: nitroimidazole for intestinal infection, metronidazole and chloroquine for liver abscess.

Entamoeba coli

Nonpathogenic species of Entamoeba.
Frequently exists as a commensal parasite in the human gastrointestinal tract.
Can be confused with Entamoeba histolytica during microscopic examination.

Morphology of Entamoeba coli

Trophozoites:
- Measure between 18 to 27μm, with some as small as 12μm and others as large as 55μm.
- Equipped with blunt pseudopods.
- Exhibit sluggish, nonprogressive motility.
Cysts:
- Vary in size from 8 to 35μm, with an average of 12 to 25μm.
- Thick cell wall surrounds the round to spherical cyst.
- One to eight nuclei with typical nuclear features.

Life Cycle of Entamoeba coli

Cysts are typically found in formed stool, while trophozoites are typically found in diarrheal stool.
Intestinal colonization occurs after ingestion of mature cysts in fecally contaminated food, water, or fomites.
More often, the amoeba penetrates the submucosal layer and multiplies rapidly, causing lytic necrosis, abscess, and ulcer.

Entamoeba hartmanni

Nonpathogenic amoeba with worldwide distribution.
Life cycle similar to Entamoeba histolytica but lacks an invasive stage and does not ingest red blood cells.

Morphology of Entamoeba hartmanni

Trophozoites:
- Measure 8 to 12μm, with a range of 5 to 15μm.
- Finger-shaped pseudopods exhibiting nonprogressive motility.
- Contain one nucleus with peripheral chromatin.
Cysts:
- Range in size from 5 to 12μm, with an average size of 7 to 9μm.
- Spherical cysts may have one, two, three, or four nuclei.

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Description

Learn about the clinical symptoms, treatment options, and different types of amebiasis caused by Entamoeba histolytica. Understand the manifestations such as asymptomatic carrier state, symptomatic intestinal amebiasis, and extraintestinal amebiasis.

Amebiasis and its Clinical Symptoms