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Artificial Intelligence

Artificial intelligence (AI) is often defined as the ability of machines to mimic human behavior through collaboration with humans. It's rooted in computer science and engineering fields where scientists program computers to think like people do by using data analysis, statistical methods, computational modeling, algorithms and other intelligent techniques. This field has seen immense growth over recent years due to rapid advancements in computing power, more accessible data, and improved algorithms.

One key aspect of AI is its reliance on data to train machines and allow them to make decisions based on patterns learned from experience. Machine Learning (ML), which falls into the realm of artificial intelligence, is one such technique used to accomplish this. ML involves training an algorithm (a set of rules) to recognize patterns in vast amounts of inputted information, allowing it to learn from these observations and improve performance over time without being explicitly programmed to do so.

Machine Learning can enable real-time decision making, predictive analytics, automated processes, and interactive experiences for users across various sectors including finance, healthcare, retail, transportation, energy management, defense, security, space exploration, social media, robotics, telecommunications, education, agriculture and entertainment. However, some experts argue that AI is still far away from reaching 'true' intelligence, claiming 'it doesn’t yet have consciousness, understanding, emotion, or self-awareness', although it shows promise in addressing complex problems.