Alternative Energy Sources
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary goal of using alternative energy sources?

  • To deplete natural resources faster
  • To increase the cost of electricity
  • To reduce reliance on fossil fuels (correct)
  • To increase pollution levels

Which of the following directly converts sunlight into electricity?

  • Hydroelectric dams
  • Geothermal plants
  • Photovoltaic (PV) cells (correct)
  • Wind turbines

Wind turbines convert wind's kinetic energy into what type of energy?

  • Mechanical energy (correct)
  • Chemical energy
  • Nuclear energy
  • Solar energy

What is the source of energy for hydropower?

<p>Flowing water (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these harnesses heat from the Earth's interior?

<p>Geothermal energy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is biomass energy?

<p>Energy from burning organic matter (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a biofuel produced from biomass?

<p>Ethanol (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which renewable energy source often has higher capacity factors due to stronger and more consistent winds?

<p>Offshore wind farms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common concern regarding the development of hydropower?

<p>Environmental impacts on aquatic ecosystems (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of enhanced geothermal systems (EGS)?

<p>Extracting heat from dry, hot rocks (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one potential consequence of using biomass energy?

<p>Contribution to air pollution (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key advantage of alternative energy sources?

<p>Reduced emissions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary disadvantage of solar and wind energy?

<p>Intermittency (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of energy storage technologies?

<p>To address the intermittency of solar and wind energy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of an energy storage technology?

<p>Batteries (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do government policies play in the adoption of alternative energy sources?

<p>They promote the adoption of alternative energy sources (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a renewable portfolio standard (RPS)?

<p>A requirement for utilities to generate a percentage of electricity from renewable sources (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a future trend in alternative energy?

<p>Continued cost reductions in solar and wind energy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one potential drawback of geothermal energy?

<p>It can cause seismic activity in some locations. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a 'feed-in tariff' do?

<p>Guarantees a fixed price for renewable energy fed into the grid. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary component of natural gas?

<p>Methane (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a solid fossil fuel?

<p>Coal (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process used in nuclear power plants to generate heat?

<p>Nuclear Fission (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a low-carbon energy source?

<p>Nuclear Power (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

From what are fossil fuels formed?

<p>Remains of Plants and Animals (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is a major environmental concern associated with the use of fossil fuels?

<p>Greenhouse Gas Emissions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of turbines in power plants?

<p>To drive generators which produce electricity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main use for oil after it is extracted?

<p>Refined into various products like gasoline (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of conventional enery sources?

<p>Established infrastructure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is released when coal combustion occurs?

<p>Air pollutants like sulfur dioxide (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary concern regarding nuclear power?

<p>The risk of accidents and radioactive waste. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is uranium considered a finite resource in the context of nuclear power?

<p>The amount of uranium on Earth is limited. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of water reservoirs in hydropower plants?

<p>To store water and ensure a constant supply for electricity generation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does hydropower generate electricity?

<p>By using the energy of moving water to turn turbines. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key environmental impact associated with large-scale hydropower projects?

<p>Alteration of river ecosystems and displacement of communities. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is true about hydropower?

<p>It harnesses energy from moving water; its generation can be affected by droughts. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential drawback of hydropower?

<p>Environmental impacts from dam construction. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a direct effect of constructing a dam for hydropower?

<p>Alteration of water quality and fish migration. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of following is true of nuclear fuel?

<p>It can be recycled to some extent. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a disadvantage of nuclear power plants?

<p>They can fluctuate in cost. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key characteristic of renewable energy sources?

<p>They can be replenished naturally. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is an example of renewable energy?

<p>Wind power (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Before the Industrial Revolution, what was the primary source of energy for heating and lighting?

<p>Renewable sources (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does the computer get its energy from when viewing a website?

<p>Electricity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which international agreement aims to limit global average temperature change?

<p>Paris Climate Summit (COP21) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary fuel source for humanity throughout most of history and pre-history?

<p>Biomass (plant material) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the oldest uses of renewable energy?

<p>Wind for sailing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is 'energy security' primarily concerned with?

<p>A country's access to resources for energy production (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key factor that has driven the renewed interest in renewable energy sources?

<p>The theorized limits to fossil fuel availability (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a state that produces most of its electricity from geothermal sources?

<p>Idaho (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the International Energy Agency, what percentage of electricity production was predicted to come from renewable sources by 2020?

<p>26% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which country broke its own world record in 2015 by producing over 40% of its national power from wind energy?

<p>Denmark (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is wind power more popular?

<p>Europe (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What geological processes result in heat, that can be used to generate electricity?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following states are most significant in its use of geothermal power?

<p>Idaho, Hawaii, Alaska, Nevada (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a disadvantage of geothermal energy use?

<p>It is geographically limited. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major reason for governments and businesses to switch to renewable energies?

<p>Fossil fuels are a finite resource. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which state was mentioned as the lowest producer/user of renewable resources?

<p>Wyoming (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most immediate problem driving the need for renewable energy?

<p>Climate change and carbon emissions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the biggest suppliers of oil to the world?

<p>The Middle East (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential consequence of relying on other countries for energy supply?

<p>Increased wholesale prices and economic instability. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can cause stable energy prices and keep the economy stable?

<p>Constant and sustained supply from renewable energy. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is energy security becoming a greater factor in the move to renewable energy?

<p>Demands on energy supply often outstrip conventional production. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What renewable source does Wyoming utilize?

<p>Wind power (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What makes tidal patterns highly predictable?

<p>Lunar influence (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary barrier to the widespread adoption of tidal energy technology?

<p>High initial costs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the volume of water on Earth considered a significant advantage for tidal energy?

<p>Virtually never-ending resource (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the major environmental concerns associated with tidal energy?

<p>Disruption of marine ecosystems (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which century did interest in solar power begin?

<p>19th century (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Besides electricity generation, what else can solar energy be directly used for?

<p>Heating water (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key factor to consider when placing solar panels for optimal efficiency?

<p>Rotation of the Earth and sun's path (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to solar panel efficiency during cloudier days?

<p>Drops considerably (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Besides noise pollution, what is another common public concern regarding wind turbines?

<p>Visual impact on landscapes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What energy source supply is believed to be nearing its end?

<p>Oil (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key advantage of hydroelectricity compared to fossil fuel energy production?

<p>Hydroelectricity output can be adjusted more quickly to meet changing demands. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major concern regarding the environmental impact of building dams for hydroelectricity?

<p>Dam construction destroys landscapes and alters downstream ecology. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Besides generating electricity and helping prevent droughts, what is another main purpose of dams?

<p>Regulating water supply during floods (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential cultural cost associated with building dams, as exemplified by the Aswan Dam project?

<p>Destruction of cultural landscapes and archaeological sites (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible negative environmental effect of hydroelectric dams in tropical regions?

<p>Increased levels of methane output from reservoirs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a rare, but potentially catastrophic risk associated with dams?

<p>Dam failure leading to flooding and loss of life (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is tidal power considered more predictable than wind or solar power?

<p>It is based on the predictable relationship between the Moon and the Earth. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is true of renewable energy sources?

<p>They are unlimited, but not all are environmentally friendly (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary environmental benefit of using renewable energy sources compared to fossil fuels?

<p>Renewables typically produce much lower emissions than fossil fuels. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main reasons for protests against fracking and new drilling?

<p>Environmental damage and public health concerns (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of renewable energy?

<p>Environmentally friendly (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the IEA, what trend has been observed since 2019?

<p>Decreased fossil fuel usage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of ongoing research in renewable energy technologies?

<p>Energy conversion efficiency (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which energy source is derived from the Earth's internal heat?

<p>Geothermal energy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is a form of renewable energy derived from organic matter?

<p>Bioenergy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of combining different renewable energy technologies in hybrid systems?

<p>To improve overall performance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some key challenges and limitations of renewable energy technologies?

<p>Economy, technical, and energy conversion efficiency (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a renewable energy source?

<p>Wind (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a major concern associated with fossil fuels?

<p>Contribution to pollutants and climate change (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a challenge associated with nuclear energy?

<p>Waste management (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a benefit of using renewable energy sources?

<p>Reduction in air pollution (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a fossil fuel?

<p>Natural Gas (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a disadvantage of non-renewable energy?

<p>They contribute to climate change (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key advantage of wind and solar power compared to fossil fuels?

<p>Cleaner options (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a challenge associated with integrating wind and solar technologies?

<p>Energy policies and sustainability (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the environmental risk with non-renewable energy sources?

<p>Air pollution (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key long-term economic advantage of renewable energy sources compared to traditional fossil fuels?

<p>Reduced pollution levels and health benefits (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of energy storage systems in the context of renewable energy?

<p>To enable better integration of renewable sources and ensure a reliable energy supply (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of carbon capture technologies?

<p>To mitigate emissions from fossil fuel-based power generation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is shifting to renewable energy sources considered essential?

<p>Because it's crucial for our future and reduces carbon footprints (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of smart grids in energy distribution management?

<p>To enhance energy distribution management, allowing real-time adjustments based on consumption patterns (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the content, what could transitioning to renewable energy achieve by 2050?

<p>Reduce global CO2 emissions by over 70% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factors are important to consider when aiming for long-term sustainability in your energy strategy?

<p>Aligning with immediate and long-term sustainability objectives (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of biomass energy is being clarified in the content overview?

<p>Its complexities and role in our future (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Besides its use in music and entertainment, what other vital role does sound energy play in our lives?

<p>Influencing technology with ultrasound used in healthcare (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key concern regarding elevators in modern buildings?

<p>Their energy consumption influencing overall efficiency and sustainability (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which energy sources are constantly replenished?

<p>Renewable energy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key benefit of renewable energy compared to fossil fuels?

<p>Reduced greenhouse gas emissions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which technology directly converts sunlight into electricity?

<p>Solar photovoltaic (PV) panels (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the source of energy for hydroelectric power?

<p>Flowing water (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which renewable energy source uses heat from the Earth's interior?

<p>Geothermal (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What drives the rotation of wind turbine blades?

<p>Kinetic energy of wind (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common use of geothermal energy besides generating electricity?

<p>Heating and cooling for buildings (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do CSP systems use to concentrate solar energy?

<p>Mirrors or lenses (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a crucial role for renewable energy sources?

<p>Reducing climate change (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is biomass energy derived from?

<p>Organic materials such as wood and agricultural waste (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following causes tidal energy?

<p>The gravitational forces of sun and moon (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of electricity does the UK government aim to generate from renewable sources?

<p>70% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of renewable energy sources?

<p>Easily replenished by natural processes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is renewable energy development growing rapidly in Russia?

<p>Limited availability of fossil fuels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Approximately what is the renewable capacity of Russia?

<p>60000 MW (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does renewable energy reduce carbon emissions?

<p>It reduces carbon emissions compared to fossil fuels. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the initiative Germany is implementing to shift away from fossil fuels and nuclear power?

<p>Energiewende (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is 'inexhaustible supply' a significant advantage of renewable energy?

<p>It ensures a sustainable energy future. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of fuels is Germany trying to get rid of?

<p>Coal and oil (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a benefit of renewable energy regarding maintenance?

<p>Have minimal maintenance requirements (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key economic benefit of the renewable energy sector?

<p>Job creation and economic development (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of renewable energy initiatives in Canada?

<p>Promote sustainable energy development (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which energy source is NOT mentioned as a focus of renewable energy initiatives in Canada?

<p>Natural gas (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is hydropower produced?

<p>By capturing the energy of flowing water (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a non-renewable energy source?

<p>Oil (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key goal of Canada's renewable energy initiatives?

<p>Reducing greenhouse gas emissions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is potential energy?

<p>The energy an object possesses due to its position. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following resources is Russia abundant in, but is not renewable?

<p>Oil (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one aim of Canada's renewable energy initiatives?

<p>Promoting sustainable energy development (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Alternative Energy Sources

Renewable or sustainable replacements for fossil fuels, reducing reliance on finite resources and environmental impacts.

Solar Energy

Using sunlight to generate electricity or heat.

Photovoltaic (PV) Cells

Cells that convert sunlight directly into electricity.

Concentrated Solar Power (CSP)

Systems using mirrors to focus sunlight and generate heat to drive turbines.

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Wind Energy

Harnessing the kinetic energy of wind to generate electricity.

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Hydropower

Harnesses the energy of flowing water to generate electricity.

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Run-of-River Hydropower

Diverts a portion of a river's flow through a channel to power turbines without a large reservoir.

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Geothermal Energy

Harnesses heat from the Earth's interior.

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Geothermal Heat Pumps

Using the Earth's constant temperature to heat and cool buildings.

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Biomass Energy

Burning organic matter to generate heat or electricity.

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Renewable Energy

Energy from sources that replenish naturally.

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Reduced Emissions (Renewable Energy)

Reduced greenhouse gas emissions during operation.

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Energy Security

Using local sources to decrease reliance on foreign countries.

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Intermittency (Renewable Energy)

Fluctuations in output due to weather conditions.

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High Upfront Costs

The high initial money needed for renewable energy projects.

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Land Use (Renewable Energy)

Significant land needed for solar and wind farms.

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Batteries (Energy Storage)

Using batteries to store electricity for later use.

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Pumped Hydro Storage

Pumping water uphill and releasing it to generate power.

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Tax Credits/Subsidies

Government support to lower the cost of renewables.

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Renewable Portfolio Standards (RPS)

Laws requiring a percentage of electricity from renewables.

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Conventional Energy Sources

Well-established energy technologies like fossil fuels, nuclear, and large hydropower.

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Fossil Fuels

Remains of ancient plants and animals, including coal, oil, and natural gas.

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Coal

A solid fossil fuel, primarily carbon, used to generate electricity.

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Oil (Petroleum)

A liquid fossil fuel composed of hydrocarbons, refined into gasoline and other fuels.

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Natural Gas

A gaseous fossil fuel, mainly methane, used for heating and electricity.

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Fossil Fuel Impacts

Releases greenhouse gases, contributes to climate change, and causes pollution.

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Nuclear Fission

Splitting the nuclei of heavy atoms to generate heat for electricity.

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Nuclear Power

Uses nuclear fission to produce steam, turning turbines and generating electricity.

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Fossil Fuel Emissions

Releases CO2, SO2, and NOx contributing to climate change, acid rain, and respiratory problems.

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Nuclear Power Advantages

Energy from splitting heavy atoms, without greenhouse gas emissions during power generation.

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Radioactive Waste

Radioactive material created during nuclear fission that must be carefully stored.

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Nuclear Accidents

Accidents at nuclear facilities releasing radioactive materials into the area.

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Large-Scale Hydropower

Large-scale projects using big dams for electricity.

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Dams

Structures built across rivers creating water storage.

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Reservoirs

Artificial lakes created by dams.

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Turbines (Hydropower)

Machines turned by water flow connected to a generator.

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Altered River Ecosystems

Changes to river environments from dam construction, affecting wildlife.

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Flooding (Hydropower)

Environmental issue of flooding, especially in hydropower projects.

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Sustainable Energy

The use of energies generated from sources with a continuous supply, typically from natural elements.

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Paris Climate Summit (COP21)

An international agreement to limit global temperature increase. Signed in 2015.

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Greenhouse Gas (GHG)

Gases that trap heat in the atmosphere, contributing to climate change.

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Transition to Renewables

Shift from fossil fuels to resources with continuous supply for energy generation to reduce carbon emissions.

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Biomass

Plant matter burned for fuel; a historical renewable energy source.

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Peak Oil

The point when maximum oil extraction is reached, followed by declining production.

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Renewable Energy Revival

A shift back toward older power methods to produce future sustainable power.

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Idaho's Renewable Energy

State in the USA that produces most of its electricity from renewable geothermal sources.

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Energy Security Definition

The connection between a country's national security and the availability of energy resources.

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COP21 Agreement

Agreement in 2016 to reduce carbon emissions and combat climate change.

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Freak Weather Conditions

Unusual and extreme weather events, such as record temperatures, droughts, and floods.

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Carbon Footprint

The measure of the impact human activities have on the environment in terms of the amount of greenhouse gases produced.

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Energy Supply Outstripping

When demands on energy outstrip the available supply.

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Oil Price's Knock-On Effect

The effect that unstable or fluctuating oil prices have on global economies and individual employment.

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Energy Dependence

A situation where a country relies on other nations for its energy resources.

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Wind Power

Harnessing wind power using turbines to generate electricity.

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Wind Power: A Constant Source

Wind is always present and part of the planet's weather cycles. Wind is a potentially limitless source of energy if it can be properly harnessed.

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Best Geothermal Locations

Tectonic plate boundaries and volcanic activity. It is a constant and renewable resource which has lower production costs.

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Wind Power challenge

Involves high initial costs. Wind power is inconstant, varying by season and day.

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Drilling Conflict Causes

Conflicts arise between environmental groups and industry due to drilling's threat to nature.

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Renewable Impact

Renewable energy sources have minimal or no environmental impact once built.

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Fossil Fuel Pollution

Drilling for fossil fuels causes notable pollution of local environments and the atmosphere.

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Hydroelectricity

Using water flow to generate electricity via dams.

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Hydro Output Control

Hydroelectricity output can be rapidly adjusted to meet community energy needs.

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Dam Water Regulation

Dams regulate water to prevent flooding and help maintain water supply during droughts.

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Dam Ecology Impact

Building a dam can significantly alter the surrounding landscape and ecology downstream.

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Tropical Reservoir Methane

Reservoirs in tropical areas lead to high methane due to anaerobic chemical processes.

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Dam Failure Risks

Dam failures can cause catastrophic flooding, loss of life and widespread damage.

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Tidal Power

Power generated by harnessing the ebb and flow of the ocean tides.

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Tidal Patterns

Predictable rise and fall of sea levels caused by gravitational forces.

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Tidal Energy

Capturing energy from the movement of tides to generate electricity.

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High Tidal Range

Areas with significant difference between high and low tides, suitable for tidal energy.

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Ecological Disruption (Tidal)

Disturbance to marine life and habitats due to tidal energy infrastructure.

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Solar Power

Energy derived from the sun's radiation.

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Solar Water Heating

Using sunlight to directly heat water for various applications.

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Solar System Costs

Upfront expenses for purchasing and installing solar panels and related equipment.

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Solar Efficiency Drop

Reduction in performance of solar panels due to weather conditions.

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Solar Placement

The need to carefully position solar panels to maximize sunlight capture.

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Renewable Energy (RE)

Environmentally friendly and sustainable energy production.

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Fossil Fuel Decline

Decreasing use of fossil fuels for power since 2019.

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RE Technology Enhancement

Improving performance, specifically energy conversion efficiency.

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Current RE Technologies

Solar, hydro, wind, bioenergy, geothermal, and hydrogen.

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Hybrid RE Technologies

Combining multiple renewable sources to boost performance.

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RE Challenge Solutions

Addresses barriers in cost, tech, output.

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RE Key Element

An energy source important for sustainability and eco-friendly power generation.

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Renewable Energy Definition

Energy from sources that can be replenished naturally over time.

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Non-Renewable Energy

Energy from finite sources that cannot be replenished on a human timescale.

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Examples of Non-Renewable

Fossil fuels (coal, oil, natural gas) and nuclear energy.

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Nuclear Energy Basics

Energy produced from the splitting of atoms.

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Carbon Intensity

The amount of carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere by an activity or energy source.

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Examples of Renewable Energy

Wind, solar, hydro, geothermal, and biomass.

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Solar Power Definition

Using sunlight to generate electricity using photovoltaic cells.

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Greenhouse Gases

Gases that trap heat in the atmosphere, leading to climate change.

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Energy Source Evaluation

Comparing the impacts on the environment with how much they cost.

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Energy Transition

Switching from old energy to resources that can be renewed over time.

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Renewable Energy Advantages

Energy that can replenish itself and has long-term economic benefits.

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Renewable Energy Investment

Money put in at the start might be high, but it saves on pollution and health costs later.

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Energy-Source Key Factors

Consider how much energy we use, how much it costs, if it's available, and its hit on the planet.

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Energy Strategy Alignment

Matching your energy choices with taking care of the planet long-term.

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Emerging Technologies

Innovations that are changing how we get and use energy and cutting emissions.

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Energy Storage Systems

Lets us store sun and wind power for when we really need it.

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Smart Grids

Managing the flow of electricity in real-time based on what's being used.

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Carbon Capture Technologies

Ways to catch the carbon released from burning fossil fuels.

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Hydroelectric Energy

Generating electricity by harnessing the energy of flowing water, often via dams.

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Photovoltaic (PV) Panels

Devices that convert sunlight directly into electricity.

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Wind Turbines

Machines that convert wind's kinetic energy into electricity.

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Hydroelectric Dams

Structures that capture the energy of rivers or water bodies to generate electricity.

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Geothermal Reservoirs

Natural reservoirs of hot water or steam tapped for electricity and heating.

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Wave Energy

Energy derived from the movement of ocean waves.

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Reduced Emissions (Renewables)

Reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, mitigating climate change.

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Energy Security (Renewables)

Using local sources to decrease reliance on foreign countries.

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Hydropower Production

Generated by harnessing the energy of flowing water, often using dams.

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Main Renewable Energy Types

Solar, wind, hydro, geothermal, biomass, tidal, and wave energy.

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UK Renewable Energy Target

Aims to generate 70% of the UK's electricity from renewable sources.

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Russia's Renewable Energy Growth

Rapidly growing due to global demand and limited fossil fuel availability.

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Russia Renewable Capacity

Russia's total renewable energy capacity.

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Germany's "Energiewende"

Aims to eliminate combustible fuels and nuclear power.

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Canada's Renewable Energy

Clean energy sources like wind, solar, hydro, and biomass.

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Renewable Energy Initiatives

Reduce emissions and promote sustainable development.

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Renewable Energy Aims in Canada

Reducing greenhouse gas emissions, promoting sustainable energy development, and creating economic opportunities.

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Environmentally Sustainable Energy Production

Using nature-friendly energy, like solar or wind, to make sure the source of energy can be renewed again and again.

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Switching to Resources Renewed Over Time

Moving to power that can renew itself for the long haul to cut down releasing emissions into the atmosphere.

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Long Term Renewable Energy Savings

Investing upfront saves in pollution reduction and later health benefits.

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Study Notes

  • Renewable energy (RE) is crucial for sustainable, environmentally friendly, and cost-effective electricity generation.
  • According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), the demand for fossil fuels in electricity generation has been decreasing since 2019, while RE usage has been increasing to meet global energy demands.
  • Ongoing research focuses on enhancing the performance of RE technologies, particularly energy conversion efficiency.
  • Current RE technologies include: solar, hydro, wind, bioenergy, geothermal, and hydrogen energy.
  • Hybrid RE technologies are being studied and compared to improve the overall performance of RE in electricity generation.
  • Suggestions are being developed to address and overcome the challenges and limitations of RE technologies in terms of economy, technical aspects, and energy conversion efficiency.
  • Energy production includes various sources such as coal, oil, natural gas, uranium, and renewable options.
  • Non-renewable sources like coal, oil, and natural gas support industrialized economies but pose health risks and contribute to climate change.
  • Nuclear energy has low emissions during operation but faces waste management and accident concerns.
  • Renewable energy sources are essential for a sustainable landscape, utilizing natural processes to generate power without depleting finite resources.
  • Renewable energy reduces greenhouse gas emissions but requires extensive infrastructure investment.
  • Wind and solar power are cleaner alternatives but present challenges in energy policies and sustainability.
  • Fossil fuels and nuclear energy have traditionally dominated electricity generation but pose environmental and safety risks.
  • Nuclear energy is highly efficient with minimal operational pollution, but waste disposal and past incidents raise concerns.
  • Renewable energy often has long-term economic advantages and lower pollution compared to fossil fuels.
  • Transitioning to renewable energy could reduce global CO2 emissions by over 70% by 2050.
  • Selecting an energy source requires considering consumption patterns, cost, availability, and environmental impact.
  • Aligning energy strategies with immediate and long-term sustainability objectives is essential.
  • The energy industry is undergoing a transition towards reducing emissions and addressing climate change.
  • Innovations like energy storage, smart grids, and carbon capture are vital in the energy transition.
  • Energy storage systems enhance renewable source integration, ensuring reliable energy supply.
  • Smart grids enhance energy distribution management through real-time adjustments.
  • Carbon capture technologies help mitigate emissions from fossil fuel-based power generation.
  • Biomass energy is a significant contributor to sustainable energy solutions.
  • Biomass energy requires a comprehensive examination of its definition, types, pros, and leading nations adopting.
  • Sound influences communication, entertainment, and healing through music therapy and technologies like ultrasound.
  • Elevators in modern buildings significantly impact energy consumption, particularly in high-rise and office buildings.
  • Factors affecting elevator energy use include differences between traction, hydraulic, and electric cable elevators.

Renewable Energy Defined

  • Renewable energy is derived from natural resources that are constantly replenished.
  • Examples include sunlight, wind, rain, tides, waves, and geothermal heat.
  • Renewable energy sources are sustainable and emit little to no greenhouse gases during energy generation.

Renewable Energy Importance

  • Renewable energy is crucial for reducing climate change and greenhouse gas emissions.
  • Renewable energy allows the achievement of energy independence.
  • Renewable energy technologies are continuously advancing and becoming more cost-effective.

Sources of Renewable Energy

  • Renewable energy sources offer abundant, sustainable, and environmentally friendly alternatives to fossil fuels.
  • Solar energy can be captured using photovoltaic (PV) panels or concentrated solar power (CSP) systems.
  • PV panels convert sunlight directly into electricity.
  • CSP systems use mirrors or lenses to concentrate solar energy to heat a fluid and produce steam, which drives a turbine generator.
  • Wind energy harnesses the kinetic energy of wind using wind turbines.
  • Turbine blades rotate from the wind, which drives an electrical generator to produce electricity.
  • Hydroelectric energy operates using the energy of flowing water.
  • Dams or diversion structures capture the energy of rivers, which is then converted into electricity by turbines connected to generators.
  • Geothermal energy utilizes the heat stored beneath the Earth's surface.
  • It generates electricity and provides heating and cooling for buildings.
  • Tapping into natural reservoirs of hot water or steam, found in volcanic areas or geologically active regions, makes this possible.
  • Biomass energy is derived from organic materials.
  • Biomass materials include wood, crop residues, agricultural waste, and organic waste from industries and households.
  • These materials can be burned directly for heat or converted into biofuels such as ethanol and biodiesel for transportation or electricity generation.
  • Tidal energy is generated by the gravitational forces of the moon and sun, causes in the rise and fall of ocean tides.
  • Wave energy is derived from the kinetic energy of ocean waves.
  • Tidal and wave energy can be captured using specialized technologies to generate electricity.

Renewable vs. Non-Renewable Energy

  • Renewable energy comes from natural resources that are available abundantly and can be easily replenished.
  • Non-renewable energy is obtained from sources that are finite and cannot be replenished on a human timescale.
  • Non-renewable energy has high costs due to extraction and mining charges.

Advantages of Renewable Energy

  • Renewable energy sources like solar, wind, and water are abundant and will never run out.
  • Renewable energy leads to carbon-free energy generation and significantly reduces carbon emissions compared to fossil fuels.
  • Many renewable energy systems require minimal maintenance, resulting in long-term cost savings.
  • The cost of renewable energy continues to decline, making it a cost-effective alternative to fossil fuels.
  • The renewable energy sector fosters job growth, offering diverse employment opportunities and driving economic development.

Benefits of Renewable Energy

  • Benefits include reducing greenhouse gas emissions, mitigating climate change, enhancing energy security, stimulating economic growth, creating jobs, fostering innovation, and improving air and water quality.

Hydropower Production

  • Hydropower is generated by harnessing the energy of flowing water and requires dams or diversion structures to capture energy.

7 Types of Renewable Energy

  • Solar, wind, hydropower, biomass, geothermal, ocean, and hydrogen.

Renewable Energy in the UK

  • Renewable energy initiatives in the UK are aimed at reducing reliance on fossil fuels and mitigating climate change.
  • The UK government has set ambitious targets for renewable energy generation, including generating 70% of electricity from renewable sources.

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Description

Alternative energy sources are renewable replacements for fossil fuels, aiming to reduce reliance on finite resources and mitigate environmental impacts. Common types include solar, wind and geothermal. Solar energy utilizes sunlight with Photovoltaic cells or mirrors to generate electricity or heat.

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