Alpha-Particle Scattering and Rutherford's Nuclear Model of Atom
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Alpha-Particle Scattering and Rutherford's Nuclear Model of Atom

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Questions and Answers

Who performed the experiments at the suggestion of Ernst Rutherford in 1911?

H. Geiger and E. Marsden

What did Ernst Rutherford discover by scattering alpha-rays from metal foils?

The atomic nucleus

What did Ernst Rutherford propose as the model of the atom?

The planetary model of the atom

What is the approximate thickness of the gold foil used in the experiment?

<p>2.1 × 10^-7 m</p> Signup and view all the answers

How were the scattered alpha-particles observed in the experiment?

<p>Through a rotatable detector consisting of a zinc sulphide screen and a microscope</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main conclusion drawn from the Geiger-Marsden experiment?

<p>The atom has a small, dense, positively charged nucleus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did Rutherford argue that the nucleus of an atom must be densely concentrated?

<p>To provide a large repulsive force to deflect alpha particles backwards.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the significance of the size comparison between the nucleus and the atom.

<p>The nucleus is about 10,000 to 100,000 times smaller than the atom, indicating that atoms are mostly empty space.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do atomic electrons affect the deflection of alpha particles in Rutherford's model of the atom?

<p>Atomic electrons, being light, do not appreciably affect the deflection of alpha particles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the scattering data in Figure 12.3 suggest about the interaction of alpha particles with atoms?

<p>Most alpha particles pass through atoms due to the large empty space within atoms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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