10 Questions
Who performed the experiments at the suggestion of Ernst Rutherford in 1911?
H. Geiger and E. Marsden
What did Ernst Rutherford discover by scattering alpha-rays from metal foils?
The atomic nucleus
What did Ernst Rutherford propose as the model of the atom?
The planetary model of the atom
What is the approximate thickness of the gold foil used in the experiment?
2.1 × 10^-7 m
How were the scattered alpha-particles observed in the experiment?
Through a rotatable detector consisting of a zinc sulphide screen and a microscope
What was the main conclusion drawn from the Geiger-Marsden experiment?
The atom has a small, dense, positively charged nucleus.
Why did Rutherford argue that the nucleus of an atom must be densely concentrated?
To provide a large repulsive force to deflect alpha particles backwards.
Explain the significance of the size comparison between the nucleus and the atom.
The nucleus is about 10,000 to 100,000 times smaller than the atom, indicating that atoms are mostly empty space.
How do atomic electrons affect the deflection of alpha particles in Rutherford's model of the atom?
Atomic electrons, being light, do not appreciably affect the deflection of alpha particles.
What does the scattering data in Figure 12.3 suggest about the interaction of alpha particles with atoms?
Most alpha particles pass through atoms due to the large empty space within atoms.
Learn about the experiments conducted by H. Geiger and E. Marsden in 1911 based on the suggestion of Ernst Rutherford, the British physicist known for his work on radioactive radiation. Explore Rutherford's contributions to the discovery of alpha-rays, beta-rays, and his development of the modern theory of radioactivity.
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