Allostatic Load and Resilience Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What does the term "Allostatic Load" refer to?

Allostatic load is a figurative measurement of accumulated stress experienced by an individual.

What are the primary physiological effects of stressors?

  • Elevated inflammatory response leading to conditions like arthritis, arterial disease, diabetes, IBD.
  • Loss of bone density.
  • Hypertension.
  • Hyperlipidemia.
  • All of the above. (correct)

Which of these is NOT a factor that influences Allostatic Load?

  • Support systems (e.g., social, financial, societal).
  • Perception of stress (e.g., mindset).
  • Types of stress (e.g., healthy exercise vs. unhealthy bullying).
  • Genetic predisposition (e.g., family history of stress-related disorders). (correct)
  • Coping skills (e.g., self-regulation, problem-solving).

Which of the following is NOT considered a healthy coping strategy for stress?

<p>Assuming the worst possible outcome to prepare for any negative event. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Resilience is the ability to withstand stress and utilize healthy coping mechanisms.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of adaptation in relation to stress?

<p>Adaptation allows for learning from past experiences and adjusting behavior to better manage future stressors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Trauma bonding is a type of coping mechanism that strengthens social connections.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Criteria A in the DSM-5 for trauma and stressor-related disorders?

<p>Criteria A refers to the exposure to traumatic events, such as actual or threatened death, serious injury, or sexual violence. This can also include exposure to witnessing such events.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a clinical symptom of PTSD?

<p>Experiencing a significant improvement in emotional well-being after the trauma. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a hallmark of PTSD/ASD (Acute Stress Disorder)?

<p>All of the above. (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an example of avoidance behaviors seen in PTSD/ASD?

<p>Engaging in activities that help them cope with their emotional distress. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a risk factor for developing PTSD/ASD?

<p>Receiving a medical diagnosis. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Acute Stress Disorder and PTSD differ primarily in the duration of symptoms.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a nursing implication for assessing patients with stress disorders?

<p>All of the above. (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Dissociation refer to?

<p>Dissociation is a disruption of awareness and mental functioning, preventing individuals from accessing information or controlling their behaviors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a symptom required for diagnosing Schizophrenia?

<p>Significant changes in personality. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common type of hallucination experienced by individuals with Schizophrenia?

<p>Auditory. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Allostatic Load

A measure of accumulated stress; physiological effects persist even after stressors are gone.

Physiological Effects of Stressors

Elevated inflammation, bone density loss, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia.

Allostatic Load Impacting Factors

Stress types, support systems, perception, coping mechanisms, and biology.

Stress Adaptation

Changing behavior to handle future stress, increasing resilience, and potentially returning to homeostasis.

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Stress Resilience

The ability to withstand and cope with stress healthily.

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Coping Strategies

Healthy or unhealthy behaviors in response to a stressor (e.g., reaching out, avoiding stressors).

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DSM-5 Criteria A

Trauma exposure criteria for trauma and stressor-related disorders, like threats of violence or actual violence.

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PTSD Clinical Symptoms

Exposure to trauma with intrusion, avoidance, negative changes, altered arousal, duration, distress, and no other explanation.

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PTSD Intrusion Examples

Recurring memories, distressing dreams, flashbacks, and physiological responses.

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PTSD Avoidance Examples

Avoiding memories, feelings, people, places, activities, and situations.

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PTSD Negative Cognition/Mood

Memory issues, negative self-beliefs, blame, negative emotions, detachment, and loss of interest.

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PTSD Altered Arousal/Reactivity

Irritability, recklessness, hypervigilance, exaggerated startle response, concentration issues, and sleep disturbance.

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PTSD Risk Factors

Trauma severity, interpersonal violence, family dysfunction, social support, childhood trauma, perception, pre-existing conditions, and TBI.

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Acute Stress Disorder

Symptoms that last 3 days to a month following trauma exposure; similar symptoms to PTSD but shorter duration.

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Nursing Implications (Stress Disorders)

Assessing triggers, coping mechanisms, and providing safe environments, trauma-informed care, and support.

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Dissociation

A disconnect between awareness and behavior, preventing access to information or control over mental functioning.

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Schizophrenia Diagnosis

Two or more symptoms (like delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, and behavior) present for a month with lasting symptoms for 6 months.

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Schizophrenia Hallucinations

Perceptual disturbances involving the five senses, most commonly auditory.

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Study Notes

Allostatic Load

  • A measure of accumulated stress, even if the stressors are gone.
  • Physiological effects persist even after the stressor is removed.

Physiological Effects of Stressors

  • Elevated inflammation (arthritis, arterial disease, diabetes, abdominal fat, IBD).
  • Reduced bone density.
  • Hypertension.
  • Hyperlipidemia.

Factors Impacting Allostatic Load

  • Stress type (healthy vs. unhealthy).
  • Social and financial support.
  • Perceived stress.
  • Coping skills.
  • Biological factors (genetics, SNS sensitivity, HPA activity).

Stress & Adaptation

  • Adapting to stress leads to resilience.
  • Changing behaviors based on past and current experiences.
  • Strengthening relationships (e.g., trauma bonding).
  • Returning to homeostasis (not always possible).

Resilience

  • Capacity to withstand stress and use healthy coping mechanisms.
  • Increases with time and support.

Coping Strategies

  • Behavioral or cognitive responses to stressors (healthy or unhealthy).
  • Examples include: reaching out, avoiding stressors, assuming the worst, substance use, exercise.

DSM-5 Criteria A

  • Exposure to trauma in trauma- and stressor-related disorders.
  • Examples: inconsistent care, threatened/actual death, injury, sexual violence.

PTSD Clinical Symptoms

  • Exposure to trauma.
  • Intrusion (recurrent memories, distressing dreams, flashbacks, physiological distress).
  • Avoidance (avoiding reminders of trauma).
  • Negative cognition/mood changes (memory problems, self-blame, negative emotions).
  • Altered arousal/reactivity (irritability, recklessness, hypervigilance, sleep disturbances, concentration issues).
  • Duration and severity leading to significant distress or impairment.
  • Not due to a substance or medical condition.

Intrusion Symptoms (PTSD/ASD)

  • Recurrent memories.
  • Distressing dreams.
  • Flashbacks (dissociation).
  • Physiological reactions to reminders.

Avoidance Symptoms (PTSD/ASD)

  • Avoiding thoughts, feelings, people, places, activities, or situations related to the trauma.

Negative Cognition & Mood Changes (PTSD/ASD)

  • Inability to remember events.
  • Negative beliefs about self.
  • Self-blame.
  • Persistent negative emotions (anger, fear).
  • Detachment from others.
  • Loss of interest or reduced emotional range.

Altered Arousal & Reactivity (PTSD/ASD)

  • Irritability and anger outbursts.
  • Recklessness.
  • Hypervigilance.
  • Exaggerated startle response.
  • Concentration difficulties.
  • Sleep disturbances.

Risk Factors for PTSD/ASD

  • Severity, duration, and intensity of trauma.
  • Interpersonal violence.
  • Family dysfunction.
  • Poor social support.
  • Childhood trauma.
  • Perception of trauma.
  • Pre-existing mental illness.
  • Concurrent traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Acute Stress Disorder: Clinical Symptoms

  • Exposure to trauma.
  • Nine or more symptoms in intrusion, avoidance, negative mood changes, or altered arousal/reactivity.
  • Duration: 3 days - 1 month.
  • Significant distress or impairment.
  • Not due to a substance or medical condition.

Nursing Implications for Stress Disorders

  • Assess triggers, stress levels, and coping mechanisms.
  • Provide a safe environment.
  • Be trauma-informed.
  • Promote healthy coping strategies.
  • Educate families.
  • Advocate for the patient.

Dissociation

  • Impaired access to information or control of mental functioning.

Schizophrenia Diagnosis Criteria

  • Two or more symptoms present for at least 1 month (including at least one bolded item).
  • Delusions
  • Hallucinations
  • Disorganized speech
  • Disorganized or catatonic behavior
  • Negative symptoms.
  • Impairment in one or more areas.
  • Continuous symptoms for at least 6 months.

Schizophrenia Hallucinations

  • Sensory disturbances (auditory most common, then visual, tactile, olfactory, gustatory).

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Description

Test your understanding of allostatic load and its physiological effects on stress. Explore the factors influencing stress adaptation and learn about effective coping strategies. This quiz examines your knowledge of resilience and the long-term impacts of stress on health.

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