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Allergy and Hypersensitivity Reactions

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary result of an anaphylactic reaction?

Systemic shock and impaired air exchange (correct)

Localized tissue damage

Decreased smooth muscle contraction

Increased capillary permeability

What type of hypersensitivity involves IgE antibodies and mast cells?

Type I hypersensitivity (correct)

Atopy

Type II hypersensitivity

Type III hypersensitivity

What is the typical time frame for an anaphylactic reaction to occur?

Within 1-2 hours

Immediate, within 2 minutes

Within 1-3 hours

Within 2-30 minutes (correct)

What is the role of IgE antibodies in hypersensitive reactions?

To stimulate mast cell degranulation Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between Type I and Type II hypersensitivities?

Type I involves IgE, while Type II involves IgG and IgM Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of atopy?

Genetic predisposition Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the activation of complement in Type III Hypersensitivity reactions?

Release of tissue damaging enzymes Signup and view all the answers

What type of diseases are caused by Type III Hypersensitivity reactions?

Vasculitis, glomerulonephritis, and arthritis Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of IgG and IgM in Type III Hypersensitivity reactions?

They bind to antigen and form immune complexes Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of the accumulation of immune complexes in host tissues?

Damage to host tissues Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Chronic Immune Complex disease?

Persistent infection with weak antibody response Signup and view all the answers

How long does it take for Type III Hypersensitivity reactions to occur?

1-3 hours Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for immune system responses that are harmful and produce tissue injury?

Hypersensitivity reactions Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for an overreaction to an antigen that can cause asphyxiation, vomiting, diarrhea, or even death?

Anaphylactic reaction Signup and view all the answers

What is the type of hypersensitivity reaction characterized by a delay in symptoms of several days?

Delayed hypersensitivity Signup and view all the answers

What type of hypersensitivity reaction is triggered by allergens and involves the production of IgE?

Type I hypersensitivity Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for people who have a hereditary predisposition to develop immediate hypersensitivity reactions against common environmental antigens?

Atopic individuals Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of cross-linking of IgE on sensitized cells in a Type I hypersensitivity reaction?

Degranulation and release of vasoactive amines Signup and view all the answers