Allah's Nature and Omnipotence

The Battle of Uhad was a significant battle between the Muslims and the Quraish in 625. The Muslims suffered a setback despite initial success, learning valuable lessons about strategy and discipline.

The Battle of the Trench, also known as the Battle of the Confederates, involved a siege of Medina in 627. The Muslims, led by the Prophet Muhammad, defended their city by digging a trench, a novel tactic that repelled the large army of Quraish allies.

The Treaty of Hudaibiya, signed in 628, was a pivotal agreement between the Muslims and the Quraish. It marked a turning point in the early years of Islam, allowing for peaceful coexistence and subsequent expansion of the Muslim community.

The Battle of Uhad was a conflict where the Muslim forces were initially victorious but suffered a reversal due to the enemy's attack after retreating too soon to collect spoils from the battlefield.

The Battle of the Trench was a major event in the history of Islam, where the Muslims successfully defended Madinah against a much larger force of Quraish allies by employing a trench as a defensive strategy.

The Treaty of Hudaibiya was signed after a series of events culminating in the Prophet's sending a delegation to Mecca, encountering hostility, and eventually entering into negotiations with the Quraish.

The Battle of Uhad took place in 625, a year after the victory at Badr. The Muslims were defeated, but gained valuable lessons about preparedness and discipline in the face of adversity.

The Battle of the Trench, also known as the Battle of the Confederates, occurred in 627, where the Muslims successfully defended Madinah against a large force of Quraish allies. This victory showcased the effectiveness of a trench as a defensive strategy against larger armies.

It is the last and secondary source of Islamic law. Used when a matter can't be solved by Quran, Hadith, or Ijma. It involves deriving a law based on an existing law's logic.

The established law or principle used as the basis for comparison in Qiyas. Example: Alcohol is Haram.

The new issue or problem that needs a ruling. Example: Are drugs Haram.

The shared characteristic or reason linking the Asl and the Far', explaining why the new issue should be treated similarly. Example: The intoxicating effect of drugs being similar to alcohol.

The resulting judgement based on the Qiyas process. Example: Drugs are Haram.

The Holy Prophet's birth and upbringing.

A harsh war that caused the Prophet to dislike bloodshed and violence. It showed his early opposition to needless conflict.

An agreement signed after the Harb-ul-Fijar, aiming to prevent further bloodshed and establishing a lasting peace. The Prophet's part in it was very valued by him.

Prophet Muhammad's marriage to Khadija, a successful union that played a pivotal role in his life. It provided him with stability and support in his early years.

The Prophet Muhammad's call to prophethood, marked by the first revelation in the Hira cave.

The initial revelation of the Quran was received by Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) through the angel Jibrael.

A collection of 85 surahs (chapters) revealed in Makkah, primarily focusing on Tawhid (belief in one God), ethics, and the message of Islam.

A collection of 29 surahs (chapters) revealed in Madinah, focusing on Islamic law, the Five Pillars of Islam, and matters related to the Muslim community.

The process of revelation involved both physical and emotional experiences. These included a ringing sound, intense heat, and a feeling of being torn apart.

The Quran was preserved through various methods, including memorization by companions, writing on different materials, and regular recitation during Ramadan.

The first official compilation of the Quran was done under the leadership of Caliph Abu Bakr, following the death of many Quran memorizers during the Battle of Yamama.

The third Caliph, Usman, commissioned another compilation of the Quran to address inconsistencies arising from different dialects.

The Quran is the primary source of Islamic law, providing guidance on beliefs, morality, worship, civil transactions, and other aspects of life.

The Sunnah, consisting of the words and actions of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), is a secondary source of Islamic law, used to clarify and elaborate on the Quran.

Ijma is a consensus of opinion among Islamic scholars, serving as a secondary source of Islamic law.

Ijma is a form of Islamic legal reasoning where scholars reach a consensus on a particular issue, ensuring consistency and adherence to Islamic principles.

Qiyas, a form of analogical reasoning, is used to extend existing Islamic rulings to new, similar situations not directly addressed in the Quran or Hadith.

Different legal schools of thought within Islam have developed their own methods of interpreting Islamic law, resulting in varying interpretations and practices.

The Quran encourages Muslims to use their intellect and reason to understand its guidance and apply it to their lives.

Jawariyah, a young woman captured during the Battle of Mustaliq, accepted Islam and was freed by the Prophet Muhammad after he married her.

Ummu Habibah, daughter of Abu Sufyan, migrated to Abyssinia with her husband but later accepted Islam and married the Prophet.

Safiyah, a descendent of Harun, was captured during the Khyber Expedition and married the Prophet Muhammad after he proposed with his mantle over his shoulders.

Maimunah, sister of Jawariyah, was married to the Prophet on Abbas's request and was considered a Symbol of Goodness by him.

Maria Qibtia, presented as a gift from the Muwaqis of Egypt, converted to Islam and married the Prophet, giving birth to his son Ibrahim.

The verse from Surah Baqarah (2:255) known for emphasizing Allah's absolute power, knowledge, and self-sufficiency.

The central theme of Surah Baqarah (2:255) is the absolute oneness of Allah. It highlights his boundless power, knowledge, and sovereignty.

A central tenet of Islam, Tawhid emphasizes the belief that Allah is the only true God, deserving of worship and submission.

This verse (Surah Baqarah 2:21-22) emphasizes Allah's provision of sustenance and guidance, making him the sole deserving of worship.

The revelation of Surah Al-Alaq (96:1-5) marks the beginning of Islam. It highlights the creation of humans, their potential, and their dependence on Allah for all.

This Surah (112) focuses solely on the absolute oneness of Allah, emphasizing his unique nature, eternal existence, and lack of family or equals.

The revelation of Surah Al-Alaq (96:1-5) emphasizes Allah's role in creating man and fulfilling his needs, including the ability to learn and grow.

This verse (Surah Maidah 5:110) highlights Allah's power to grant miracles, emphasizing that humans can achieve great things with his blessing.

Surah Zilzaal (99) focuses on the day of judgment when all creation will be destroyed, emphasizing accountability for deeds.

Surah Naas (114) provides protection from the evils of mankind and the jinn, emphasizing Allah's sovereignty and power to shield us.

The main theme is the creation of Adam (a.s.) and his fall due to Iblis's mischief. This verse also highlights Allah's forgiveness and care for humans.

It highlights the creation of Adam (a.s.) and Iblis's opposition to Allah's creation.

Surah Dhuha (93) portrays how Allah helped Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) and encourages Muslims to assist the oppressed.

This Surah (112) underlines the distinct nature of Allah, emphasizing his uniqueness and eternal existence, making Him the only one worthy of worship.

Surah Kauthar (108) was revealed to console Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) against mockery related to having a son, highlighting Allah's support and promising destruction to his enemies.

The first verse revealed to Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) in the Cave of Hira. It signifies the beginning of the Prophet's mission and the start of the Quran's revelation.

The second revelation received by Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) in Makkah, urging him to deliver a warning to people. This marks the beginning of his open mission.

The first Muslims who embraced Islam after Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) started his preaching. This marked the foundation of the Muslim community.

Harsh actions taken by the Quraish against Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and early Muslims to stop the spread of Islam. These persecutions tested the believers' faith and strengthened their resolve.

The painful experiences faced by early Muslims who embraced Islam, highlighting the sacrifices they made for their beliefs. These stories demonstrate the courage and resilience of the early community.

The migration of early Muslims from Makkah to Abyssinia to escape persecution by the Quraish. This journey provided a safe haven for them and strengthened their faith.

The Quraish's forceful isolation of the Banu Hashim clan, including Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), to pressure them to abandon Islam. This social boycott tested the community's resilience and faith.

The Prophet's (PBUH) visit to Taif, where he was met with harsh rejection and physical assault. This experience demonstrated his unwavering commitment to his mission and the challenges he faced.

The pledges made between Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and the people of Yasrib (later Madinah) at Aqabah, solidifying the future of the nascent Muslim community. This marked the beginning of a strong alliance.

The migration of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and his followers from Makkah to Yasrib (Medinah) to escape persecution and establish a safe haven for the growing Muslim community.

The first year (1 AH) after the Hijra (migration) to Medinah, marked by significant events that shaped the Muslim community. It established the foundation for Islamic governance and practice.

The building of the Prophet's Mosque in Madinah, serving as a central place of worship, community gathering, and guidance for the Muslims.

The introduction of the call to prayer (Azaan), a unique Islamic practice that signals the time for prayer, uniting Muslims for worship and reminding them of their faith.

The establishment of brotherhood between the Muhajirin (emigrants from Makkah) and the Ansar (residents of Medinah), fostering unity and support among the Muslims.

The treaty signed between the Muslims and the Jewish tribes of Medinah, establishing a framework for co-existence and mutual protection. It emphasized equality and freedom of religion.

The battle of Badr, a significant victory for the Muslims, marking a turning point in the struggle against the Quraish. This event strengthened the Muslim community and their faith.

The exile of the Banu Qunaiqa tribe from Medinah, due to their violation of the treaty and acts against Muslims. This event highlighted the consequences of breaking agreements and injustices faced by Muslims.

He didn't live a lavish lifestyle. He shared the simple life of common people, sat on the floor, wore old clothes, and helped with chores.

Muhammad (PBUH) was against people giving him special treatment or standing up for him.

Muhammad (PBUH) was known for his generosity, giving away everything he received, even his own wealth.

Muhammad (PBUH) was known for his commitment to keeping promises, even when it was hard to do so.

Muhammad (PBUH) ensured justice for all, even for his own family members and those who disagreed with him.

Muhammad (PBUH) resolved disputes between people, even the Jews who weren't Muslims.

The black stone, a sacred object in the Ka'aba, was placed in its current position by Muhammad (PBUH) to ensure fairness amongst the tribes who were fighting over it.

Muhammad (PBUH) was the final Prophet in a succession of Messengers sent by God, bringing the message of Islam to the world.

Muhammad (PBUH) was a successful husband to Khadija, who was a wealthy merchant and a strong supporter of his mission.

Muhammad (PBUH) married Sawdah in Madinah as a way to provide for her after the death of her husband.

The Battle of Mutah was a major battle fought in 629 between the Muslim army and the Byzantine army led by the emperor Heraclius. In the battle, the Muslim army was led by Zaid bin Haris who was followed by Jafar and then Abdullah. Each leader was killed in battle eventually and Khalid bin Waleed took over. All three leaders were martyred.

The conquest of Makkah occurred in 630 when Prophet Muhammad led an army of 10,000 Muslims to Makkah. They entered peacefully and destroyed the idols in the Kabah, signifying Islam's triumph. He forgave all of the people of Makkah except for four people.

The Battle of Hunain was a battle fought in 630 between the Muslim army and the combined forces of several Arab tribes. The Muslims were initially outnumbered but eventually won the victory. They were attacked from all sides but were victorious with help from the Prophet who motivated his followers. The dust threw had a temporary blinding effect making them flee.

The Tabuk Expedition was a military expedition led by Muhammad in 630 CE. The Prophet called for Jihad and asked Muslims to donate for the effort. The primary purpose of the campaign was to meet with the Byzantine army near Tabuk and demonstrate Muslim strength but they did not meet.

The Farewell Pilgrimage took place in 632 CE and was the last Hajj pilgrimage of the Prophet Muhammad. He gave his famous farewell sermon in Arafat, which addressed important topics like the rights of slaves and women, the equality of Muslims, the prohibition of interest, and the importance of the five pillars of Islam.

The Prophet Muhammad was known as Al-Sadiq (the truthful) and Al-Amin (the trustworthy) because of his unwavering honesty and integrity. These traits were recognized by his community even before he became a prophet and were a major reason why he received the message of Islam.

Prophet Muhammad displayed great humility and modesty throughout his life. Despite being the prophet of Islam, he would participate in household chores, assist others in their work, and did not consider himself superior to anyone. He was also known for his generous spirit and always made time for the poor and marginalized.

Prophet Muhammad was known for his forgiveness and compassion. He chose to forgive even those who wronged him, including the people of Taif who stoned him. This aspect of his life demonstrates a key characteristic of Islam:mercy and forgiveness.

The Prophet Muhammad, through his personality, exemplified Islamic principles: honesty, compassion, humility, fairness, and justice. These values are important for Muslims to adopt in their own lives and in their dealings with others.

The eldest daughter of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), she was known for her strength of character and her devotion to Islam.

Hazrat Ruqayya was the second daughter of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). She was known for her piety and her early acceptance of Islam.

The third daughter of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), she was also known for her piety and her early acceptance of Islam.

The only daughter of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) to outlive him, she was known for her compassion, strength, and closeness to her father.

The first son of Hazrat Fatima and Hazrat Ali, he is considered to be the second of the Twelve Shia Imams.

The second son of Hazrat Fatima and Hazrat Ali, he is considered to be the third of the Twelve Shia Imams.

The fourth of the Twelve Shia Imams, he was born during the events of Karbala.

The fifth of the Twelve Shia Imams, he is considered to be a major scholar of Islamic law.

The sixth of the Twelve Shia Imams, he is considered to be one of the most influential figures in Shia Islam.

The seventh of the Twelve Shia Imams, he was imprisoned and died in Baghdad.

The eighth of the Twelve Shia Imams, he is known for his wisdom and piety and he was a renowned scholar of Islamic law.

The ninth of the Twelve Shia Imams, he is known for his piety and for his persecution during the Abbasid Caliphate.

The tenth of the Twelve Shia Imams, he is known for his patience in the face of persecution.

The eleventh of the Twelve Shia Imams, he is known for his piety and for his hidden life during the Abbasid Caliphate.

The twelfth and final Imam in Shia Islam, he is believed to be in occultation and is expected to return to earth.

A close companion of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), he was the first adult male to accept Islam.