All-Ceramic Systems Overview
34 Questions
0 Views

All-Ceramic Systems Overview

Created by
@IncredibleAlexandrite4959

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is a primary characteristic of the IPS Empress CAD material?

  • It is exclusively used for posterior crowns.
  • Leucite crystals are not evenly distributed.
  • It contains no glass matrix.
  • It does not require a second heating cycle for the crystalline phase. (correct)

    • Which of the following statements is true regarding the IPS Empress II material?

  • Lithium-disilicate glass provides less translucency.
  • It contains a low percentage of crystalline structures.
  • It has a high refractive index.
  • It hinders crack propagation effectively. (correct)

    • Which types of restorations are indicated for the lithium disilicate IPS e.max Press material?

  • Cantilever bridges.
  • Inlay-retained fixed partial dentures (FPD).
  • Only posterior crowns.
  • 3-unit anterior fixed partial dentures. (correct)

    • What is a contraindication for using IPS e.max?

    <p>Patients with bruxism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a benefit of using VITA SUPRINITY glass ceramic material?

    <p>It belongs to a new generation of glass ceramic products.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the absorbent refractory die in the In-Ceram technique?

    <p>To facilitate easy separation of the core</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What reduces the strength of the In-Ceram material when magnesium oxide crystals are added?

    <p>Increased translucency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about In-Ceram zirconia is correct?

    <p>It has a strength 1.4 times that of In-Ceram alumina</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process is used to infuse the residual pores of the core in the In-Ceram technique?

    <p>Capillary action to draw molten glass</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical strength range for In-Ceram materials designed for anterior and posterior crowns?

    <p>300-600 MPa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary composition of glass-based ceramics?

    <p>Mainly silicon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which option is a type of reinforced glass ceramic?

    <p>Vita Enamic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of alumina is typically added to feldspathic ceramics as a reinforcing component?

    <p>20–25%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which material is specifically mentioned as being machinable for the fabrication of veneers, inlays, and onlays?

    <p>Vitablocs Mark II</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary component used to enhance the strength of glass ceramics in zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate ceramics?

    <p>Zirconia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical range of flexural strength for feldspathic ceramics?

    <p>60–70 MPa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of material is utilized for the specific veneering of alumina-based core systems?

    <p>Feldspathic ceramics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ceramic is indicated for fabricating full veneer crowns and three-unit FPDs up to the second premolars?

    <p>Vita Ambria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following ceramics is described as containing over 50% silica?

    <p>Glass-based ceramics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the strength of the Celtra Duo when polished?

    <p>370 MPa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What category does glass infiltrated alumina fall under in microstructural classification?

    <p>Category III</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What component is primarily responsible for the translucency of feldspathic restorations?

    <p>Silica</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following compounds is NOT a form of ceramic system classification mentioned?

    <p>Metal-based ceramics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of Vita Ambria over IPS e.max press ceramics?

    <p>More fracture resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How much zirconia is contained in Vita Suprinity, according to its composition?

    <p>10%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ceramic system is known for having the highest strength at more than 500 MPa?

    <p>Vita Ambria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key advantage of using premanufactured blocks in dental ceramics?

    <p>They eliminate residual porosity that could lead to failure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a feature of VITABLOCS®?

    <p>Made entirely from zirconia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which material was promoted by VITA in 1991 with improved composition and properties?

    <p>VITABLOCS® Mark II.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the flexural strength of IPS Empress?

    <p>160 MPa.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which category does the IPS Empress fall under in microstructural classification?

    <p>Category II: High-leucite containing glass.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main crystalline phase in IPS Empress?

    <p>Leucite.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true regarding Category II (Synthetic) in microstructural classification?

    <p>It includes high-leucite and low-leucite systems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about VITABLOCS® TriLuxe is accurate?

    <p>It offers a polychromatic four-layer shade gradient.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    All-Ceramic Systems

    • I. Glass-based (Feldspathic): Made primarily of silica. Acid-etched ceramic contains more than 50% silica. Feldspathic (Silica Based).
    • II. Reinforced Glass ceramics: Include IPS Empress, IPS e.Max ceramics, Vita Suprinity (10% Zirconia), Celtra Duo (10% Zirconia)
    • III. Glass-infiltrated alumina: Composed of In-ceram and Spinel
    • IV. Zirconia ceramic: High-performance ceramic
    • V. Resin-based ceramics: Ceramic reinforced resins (e.g., Vita Enamic, Lava Ultimate, Visio ligne, CeraSmart, Brilliant, Grandio)

    Microstructural

    • Category I: Glass-based systems (mainly silica)

    • Acid etched ceramic contains more than 50% silica

    • Feldspathic (Silica Based)

    • Glass-based systems contain mainly silicon dioxide (silica or quartz), which contains various levels of alumina (alumino-silicates)

    • Potassium and sodium are known as feldspars

    Category II (Synthetic)

    • 1. Low-to-moderate leucite-containing feldspathic glass: Feldspathic porcelains; Leucite added to raise thermal expansion coefficient; Can be applied to metals and zirconia. Example: Vita VM13
    • 2. High-leucite containing glass: IPS Empress glass contains leucite crystal as a major crystalline phase (35%-50%) in a glassy matrix. Flexural strength: ~160 MPa.

    Category III (Non Silica Based)

    • Crystalline-Based systems with glass filler (mainly alumina) Introduced in 1988. Example: In-Ceram Infiltrated ceramics (slip-cast)

    Infiltrated Ceramic (slip-Cast ceramic)

    • Glass infiltrated Alumina.
    • Products in two components:
      • Powder (aluminum oxide—porous substructure)
      • Glass infiltrated at high temperature into the porous substructure
    • Interpenetrating phase materials are generally fabricated by first creating a porous matrix, in the case of VITA In-Ceram(ceramic sponge). The pores are filled by the second-phase material, a lanthanum aluminosilicate glass. Capillary action is used to produce a dense interpenetrating material.
    • Core Formation (A): Slurries of the fine alumina powder and water (“slip”) are applied to an absorbent refractory die, this is then sintered for 10 hours at 1120°C to produce a porous core.
    • Importance of absorbent refractory die:
      • Absorbs water from the slip, leading to condensation
      • Refractory die shrinks more than the condensed slip, enabling easy separation.

    Residual Porosities

    • Residual pores are infused with molten glass by capillary action. In-Ceram is fired at ~1100°C for 4–6 hours.
    • Veneering porcelain (Vitadur alpha Aluminious) is then applied using conventional powder slurry technique.

    Indications

    • Veneers, inlays, onlays, anterior and posterior crowns, 3-unit anterior FPD, 3-unit FPD up to the second premolar as the abutment tooth

    Contraindications

    • Posterior FPD reaching into the molar region, 4-unit FPD, inlay-retained FPD, patients with short dentition, bruxism, cantilever bridges

    VITA SUPRINITY

    • A new generation of glass ceramic material product.
    • The glass ceramic is enriched with zirconia (approx. 10% by weight) to offer a high-strength, zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate ceramic (ZLS).
    • 420 MPa

    CELTRA Duo

    • High-strength glass ceramics with 10% zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate-ZLS.
    • 210 MPa (polishing), 370 MPa (firing), 420 MPa (bonding).
    • Indicated for single-unit anterior and posterior crowns, single-tooth implant superstructures.

    VITA AMBRIA

    • Vita Ambria (ZLS) is similar to Vita Suprinity with 10% zirconia fillers in its lithium disilicate glass-ceramic matrix.
    • Showed more fracture resistance than IPS e.max press.
    • Very high stability (>500 MPa). Used for inlays, onlays, full veneer crowns, three-unit FPD up to the second premolars.

    IPS e.max press

    • Crystalline phase is lithium disilicate (makes up ~70% of the volume of the glass ceramic).
    • 400-450 MPa (after bonding)
    • 500-530 MPa (e-max CAD).

    Modifications for In-Ceram Technique

    • 1. In-Ceram Contains Magnesium Oxide:
      • Contains magnesium oxide crystal to form alumina–magnesium oxide (spinel) as a major crystalline phase.
      • Improves translucency but decreases strength by 25% to 40%.
    • 2. In-Ceram Zirconia:
      • Contains zirconium oxide crystal.
      • Its strength is 1.4 times that of In-Ceram alumina.
      • Associated with increased opacity.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    All ceramic restorations PDF

    Description

    Explore the different types of all-ceramic systems used in dental applications. This quiz covers glass-based systems, reinforced glass ceramics, and zirconia ceramics, highlighting their compositions and microstructures. Test your knowledge on the properties and classifications of these advanced materials.

    More Like This

    Céramiques Dentaires
    5 questions

    Céramiques Dentaires

    PromisingHammeredDulcimer avatar
    PromisingHammeredDulcimer
    Dental Ceramics: Feldspathic Porcelain
    40 questions

    Dental Ceramics: Feldspathic Porcelain

    SprightlyLoyalty avatar
    SprightlyLoyalty
    All Ceramics Quiz
    67 questions

    All Ceramics Quiz

    AstoundedAstrophysics avatar
    AstoundedAstrophysics
    Dental Ceramics Microstructure and Properties
    43 questions

    Dental Ceramics Microstructure and Properties

    AstoundedAstrophysics avatar
    AstoundedAstrophysics
    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser