All about Ellipses

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Questions and Answers

An ellipse is defined as the set of all points where the product of the distances from two fixed points is constant.

False (B)

The foci of an ellipse must lie on the minor axis.

False (B)

The center of an ellipse is the intersection of the major and minor axes.

True (A)

The length of the major axis of an ellipse is denoted by the value $a$.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The co-vertices of an ellipse are the endpoints of the major axis.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In an ellipse, the distance from the center to a focus is denoted as $c$, and $c^2 = a^2 + b^2$.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the equation of an ellipse in general form, $Ax^2 + Cy^2 + Dx + Ey + F = 0$, the coefficients $A$ and $C$ must have opposite signs.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If $a = b$ in the standard equation of an ellipse, the ellipse is actually a circle.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the standard form equation of an ellipse with a horizontal major axis, the larger denominator is under the $y$ term.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Halley's Comet follows an elliptical orbit around the Earth.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The vertices of the ellipse are located at $(h \pm a, k)$ when the major axis is vertical.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The foci of an ellipse are defined as the points where the minor axis intersects ellipse.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The distance from the center of an ellipse to a co-vertex is always greater than distance from the center to a vertex.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If the equation of an ellipse is $\frac{(x-2)^2}{9} + \frac{(y+1)^2}{4} = 1$, the center of the ellipse is at $(2, -1)$.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In an ellipse, the major axis is always longer than the minor axis.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The equation $\frac{x^2}{16} + \frac{y^2}{25} = 1$ represents an ellipse with a horizontal major axis.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The standard form of an ellipse with a vertical major axis and center at the origin is $\frac{x^2}{a^2} + \frac{y^2}{b^2} = 1$ where $a > b$.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The whispering gallery effect is experienced in circular rooms.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Given an ellipse with equation $\frac{(x+3)^2}{4} + \frac{(y-2)^2}{25}=1$, the length of the minor axis is 4.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A key step in converting an ellipse equation from standard to general form is to eliminate the fractions.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If the equation of an ellipse is $\frac{x^2}{4} + \frac{y^2}{9} = 1$, the coordinates of the co-vertices are $(\pm 3, 0)$.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If $a = 5$ and $b = 3$ for an ellipse, then $c = 4$, where $c$ is the distance from the center to each focus.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The equation $x^2 + 4y^2 + 6x - 8y + 9 = 0$ represents an ellipse.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The minor axis of an ellipse always passes through the foci.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Given the equation $\frac{(x-1)^2}{4} + \frac{(y+2)^2}{9} = 1$, the major axis has a length of 3.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In an ellipse, the sum of the distances from any point on the ellipse to the two foci is always equal to $2a$, where $a$ is the distance from the center to a vertex.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If the center of an ellipse is at $(0,0)$, and a focus is at $(5,0)$, then the other focus must be at $(-5, 0)$.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The vertices of an ellipse are the intersection points of ellipse with its major axis.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The line segment connecting the co-vertices is the major axis.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Given that the vertices of an ellipse are at $(-4, 0)$ and $(4, 0)$, the center of the ellipse is at the origin.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The equation of an ellipse with center at $(0,0)$, major axis of length $6$ along the y-axis, and minor axis of length $4$ along the x-axis is $\frac{x^2}{9} + \frac{y^2}{4} = 1$.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The standard form of an ellipse centered at $(h, k)$ can always be written such that $a > b$.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For an ellipse, if $a = 4$ and $c = 5$, then $b = 3$.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If vertices of an ellipse are at $(0, \pm 6)$ and foci are at $(0, \pm 4)$, the equation of the ellipse is $\frac{x^2}{20} + \frac{y^2}{36} = 1$.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is an ellipse?

The set of all points (x, y) such that the sum of the distances from two fixed points (foci) is constant.

What is the center of an ellipse?

The intersection of the major and minor axes; the midpoint of the axes, represented as (h, k).

What are the foci of an ellipse?

Two points within the ellipse from which the sum of distances to any point on the ellipse is constant.

What is the major axis of an ellipse?

The segment passing through the foci with endpoints on the ellipse.

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What are the vertices of an ellipse?

The endpoints of the major axis.

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What is the minor axis of an ellipse?

The segment perpendicular to the major axis that passes through the center.

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What are the co-vertices of an ellipse?

The endpoints of the minor axis.

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What is 'a' in an ellipse?

Distance from center to one vertex, always greater than 'b'.

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What is 'b' in an ellipse?

Distance from the center to one co-vertex.

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What is 'c' in an ellipse?

Distance from the center to one focus; calculated as c² = a² - b².

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What is the general form of an ellipse equation?

Ax² + Cy² + Dx + Ey + F = 0, where A and C have the same sign and A ≠ C.

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Standard form of ellipse (horizontal major axis)?

(x-h)²/a² + (y-k)²/b² = 1 when the major axis is horizontal.

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Standard form of ellipse (vertical major axis)?

(x-h)²/b² + (y-k)²/a² = 1 when the major axis is vertical.

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Given (x+3)²/16 + (y+2)²/49 = 1, what are the key parameters?

Center: (-3, -2), Orientation: Vertical, a = 7, b = 4

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Given x²/64 + (y-6)²/36 = 1, what are the key parameters?

Center: (0, 6), Orientation: Horizontal, a = 8, b = 6

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What is the relationship between the center, orientation, a, and b?

Construct standard equation of the ellipse.

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What is equation if Center: (0,0), a² = 100, b² = 64, major axis is horizontal?

x²/100 + y²/64 = 1

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What is equation if Center: (-1,3), a = 5, b² = 9, major axis is horizontal?

(x+1)²/25 + (y-3)²/9 = 1

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What is equation if Center (3,-5), a² = 4, b = 1, major axis vertically.

(x-3)²/1 + (y+5)²/4 = 1

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Study Notes

  • Lesson 3 focuses on ellipses

Learning Outcomes

  • The goal is to define an ellipse and determine its standard form when given certain parts.
  • Further learning entails converting the equation of an ellipse from standard to general form and vice versa, and learning how to graph ellipses.

Definition of Ellipses

  • An ellipse is the set of all points (x, y)
  • The sum of the distances from (x, y) to two fixed points, known as foci, is constant.

Parts of an Ellipse

  • Center: The intersection of the major and minor axes, also the midpoint of both axes, denoted as (h, k).
  • Focus: Ellipses have two foci, which are the fixed points used in the definition of the ellipse.
  • Major Axis: This is a segment passing through the foci with endpoints on the ellipse, and has a length of 2a.
  • Vertex: Endpoints on the major axis.
  • Minor Axis: A segment perpendicular to the major axis, passing through the center, with endpoints on the ellipse and a length of 2b.
  • Co-vertex: Endpoints of the minor axis.

Ellipse Distances

  • a: The distance from the center to one vertex, where a > b.
  • b: The distance from the center to one co-vertex, where a > b.
  • c: The distance from the center to one focus, computed as c² = a² - b².

Ellipses in Real Life

  • Ellipses are applicable to Kepler's First Law of Planetary Motion.
  • Ellipses also appear in whispering galleries

Equations of an Ellipse

  • General Form: Ax² + Cy² + Dx + Ey + F = 0, where A and C must have the same sign, and A ≠ C.
  • Standard Form:
    • Horizontal major axis: (x-h)²/a² + (y-k)²/b² = 1
    • Vertical major axis: (x-h)²/b² + (y-k)²/a² = 1

Identifying Parts of an Ellipse: Examples

  • (x-1)²/4 + (y-3)²/9 = 1 has a vertical orientation, a center at (1, 3), a = 3, and b = 2
  • (x+1)²/25 + y²/16 = 1 has a horizontal orientation, a center at (-1, 0), a = 5, and b = 4
  • (x+3)²/16 + (y+2)²/49 = 1 has a vertical orientation, a center at (-3, -2), a = 7, and b = 4
  • (x-4)² + (y+4)²/9 = 1 has a vertical orientation, a center at (4, -4), a = 3, and b = 1
  • x²/64 + (y-6)²/36 = 1 has a horizontal orientation, a center at (0, 6), a = 8, and b = 6

Constructing the Equation of an Ellipse

  • Requires the Center, orientation of the major axis, a, and b.

Constructing Equation: Examples

  • Center (0, 0), a² = 100, b² = 64, major axis oriented horizontally: x²/100 + y²/64 = 1
  • Center (-1, 3), a = 5, b² = 9, major axis oriented horizontally: (x+1)²/25 + (y-3)²/9 = 1
  • Center (-2, 1/3), a = 6, b = 2, major axis oriented horizontally: (x+2)²/36 + (y-(1/3))²/4 = 1
  • Center (3, -5), a² = 4, b = 1, major axis oriented vertically: (x-3)² + (y+5)²/4 = 1
  • Center (1/2, -2), a = 3, b = 5, major axis oriented vertically: (x-(1/2))²/9 + (y+2)²/25 = 1

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