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Questions and Answers
What is the general formula for alkenes?
What is the general formula for alkenes?
CnH2n
What is the hybridization of carbon atoms in alkenes?
What is the hybridization of carbon atoms in alkenes?
sp²
What is the bond angle in alkenes?
What is the bond angle in alkenes?
120°
What is the IUPAC name for the following alkene: CH3-CH2-CH=CH-CH2-CH3?
What is the IUPAC name for the following alkene: CH3-CH2-CH=CH-CH2-CH3?
What is the common name for the alkene: CH3-CH2-CH=CH2?
What is the common name for the alkene: CH3-CH2-CH=CH2?
What is the IUPAC name for the alkene: CH2=CH-CH3?
What is the IUPAC name for the alkene: CH2=CH-CH3?
What is the IUPAC name for the alkene: CH3-CH=CH-CH2-CH2-CH3?
What is the IUPAC name for the alkene: CH3-CH=CH-CH2-CH2-CH3?
What is the common name for the alkene: CH2=CH2?
What is the common name for the alkene: CH2=CH2?
What is the common name for the alkene: CH3-CH=CH-CH3?
What is the common name for the alkene: CH3-CH=CH-CH3?
What is the common name for the alkene: CH3-CH2-C=CH2?
What is the common name for the alkene: CH3-CH2-C=CH2?
What is the IUPAC name for the following alkene: CH3-CH2-CH2-C=CH2?
What is the IUPAC name for the following alkene: CH3-CH2-CH2-C=CH2?
What is the general formula for alkanes?
What is the general formula for alkanes?
What is the IUPAC name for the alkyl group: CH3-CH=CH-CH2-
What is the IUPAC name for the alkyl group: CH3-CH=CH-CH2-
What is the IUPAC name for the alkyl group: CH2=CH-
What is the IUPAC name for the alkyl group: CH2=CH-
What is the common name for the alkyl group: CH2=CH-
What is the common name for the alkyl group: CH2=CH-
What is the IUPAC name for the alkyl group: CH3-CH=CH-
What is the IUPAC name for the alkyl group: CH3-CH=CH-
What is the IUPAC name for the alkyl group: CH2-CH=CH2-
What is the IUPAC name for the alkyl group: CH2-CH=CH2-
What is the common name for the alkyl group: CH2-CH=CH2-
What is the common name for the alkyl group: CH2-CH=CH2-
What is the general formula for alkynes?
What is the general formula for alkynes?
The addition of hydrogen to an alkyne in the presence of Lindlar's catalyst will produce a trans alkene.
The addition of hydrogen to an alkyne in the presence of Lindlar's catalyst will produce a trans alkene.
The addition of sodium metal in liquid ammonia to an alkyne will produce a cis alkene.
The addition of sodium metal in liquid ammonia to an alkyne will produce a cis alkene.
The addition of hydrogen gas to an alkene will produce an alkane.
The addition of hydrogen gas to an alkene will produce an alkane.
Which of the following reagents can be used to prepare alkenes from alkynes?
Which of the following reagents can be used to prepare alkenes from alkynes?
What is the IUPAC name for the following alkene: CH3-CH=CH-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3?
What is the IUPAC name for the following alkene: CH3-CH=CH-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3?
What is the common name for the alkene: CH3-CH=CH2?
What is the common name for the alkene: CH3-CH=CH2?
Which of the following is the most stable alkene?
Which of the following is the most stable alkene?
What is the general formula for a compound containing two double bonds?
What is the general formula for a compound containing two double bonds?
What is the IUPAC name for the following compound: CH2=CH-CH=CH2?
What is the IUPAC name for the following compound: CH2=CH-CH=CH2?
What is the IUPAC name for the following compound: CH3-CH=CH-CH=CH-CH3?
What is the IUPAC name for the following compound: CH3-CH=CH-CH=CH-CH3?
What is the general formula for a compound containing three double bonds?
What is the general formula for a compound containing three double bonds?
What is the IUPAC name for the following compound: CH2=CH-CH=CH-CH=CH2?
What is the IUPAC name for the following compound: CH2=CH-CH=CH-CH=CH2?
What is the name of the reaction that produces an alkene from an alkyl halide?
What is the name of the reaction that produces an alkene from an alkyl halide?
What is the name of the reaction that produces an alkene from an alcohol?
What is the name of the reaction that produces an alkene from an alcohol?
Which of the following is the most reactive alkyl halide?
Which of the following is the most reactive alkyl halide?
The order of reactivity of halogens in dehydrohalogenation is F > Cl > Br > I.
The order of reactivity of halogens in dehydrohalogenation is F > Cl > Br > I.
The major product formed in dehydrohalogenation is always the more substituted alkene.
The major product formed in dehydrohalogenation is always the more substituted alkene.
The reaction of an alkene with bromine water (Br2/H2O) results in the formation of a vicinal dibromide.
The reaction of an alkene with bromine water (Br2/H2O) results in the formation of a vicinal dibromide.
The reaction of an alkene with hydrogen bromide (HBr) is a Markovnikov addition reaction.
The reaction of an alkene with hydrogen bromide (HBr) is a Markovnikov addition reaction.
The reaction of an alkene with potassium permanganate (KMnO4) is an oxidation reaction.
The reaction of an alkene with potassium permanganate (KMnO4) is an oxidation reaction.
The reaction of an alkene with ozone (O3) is an oxidative cleavage reaction.
The reaction of an alkene with ozone (O3) is an oxidative cleavage reaction.
Flashcards
Alkenes
Alkenes
Unsaturated hydrocarbons containing a carbon-carbon double bond.
IUPAC Nomenclature of Alkenes
IUPAC Nomenclature of Alkenes
A system for naming alkenes based on the longest continuous carbon chain containing the double bond.
Alkane Suffix Replacement
Alkane Suffix Replacement
In IUPAC nomenclature, the '-ane' suffix of the corresponding alkane is replaced by '-ene'.
Alkene Double Bond Position
Alkene Double Bond Position
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Alkyl Halide Dehydrohalogenation
Alkyl Halide Dehydrohalogenation
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Alkynes Reduction
Alkynes Reduction
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Ethylene
Ethylene
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Unsaturated Alkyl Groups
Unsaturated Alkyl Groups
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Alkenes Hybridization
Alkenes Hybridization
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Alkene Bond Angle
Alkene Bond Angle
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General Alkene Formula
General Alkene Formula
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Study Notes
Alkenes
- Alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons containing carbon-carbon double bonds.
- Their general formula is CnH2n.
- The carbon atoms in alkenes are sp2 hybridized.
- The bond angle in alkenes is approximately 120°.
IUPAC Nomenclature of Alkenes
- Select the longest continuous carbon chain containing the double bond.
- Number the chain to give the double bond the lowest possible number.
- Name the substituents and indicate their positions.
- Replace the "-ane" suffix with "-ene".
Common/Trivial Names of Alkenes
- Naming follows the corresponding alkane, replacing "-ane" with "-ylene."
- Ethene → Ethylene
- Propene → Propylene
- Butene isomers → a- and β-butylene; isobutylene.
Unsaturated Alkyl Groups
- Remove the "e" from the alkene name and add "-yl" to denote the group.
- Vinyl
- Allyl
- 1-prop-yl
Unsaturated Hydrocarbons containing two or more double bonds
- For compounds with two double bonds, the suffix is "-diene."
- For compounds with three double bonds, the suffix is "-triene."
- The longest chain containing the maximum number of double bonds is chosen.
- The chain is numbered to give the double bonds the lowest possible numbers.
Preparation of Alkenes
- By reduction of alkynes: Alkynes can be reduced to cis- and trans-alkenes using catalysts such as H2/Ni or H2/Pd-CaCO3 with syn addition leading to a cis alkene or Na / Li and NH3 with trans addition leading to the trans alkene
- By elimination reactions:
- From alkyl halides (dehydrohalogenation): Alcoholic KOH and heat eliminate HX from alkyl halides, forming alkenes. Saytzeff's rule predicts the more substituted alkene as the major product.
- From dihalides (dehalogenation): A reaction with Zn/HAc removes X2 to form the alkene.
- From alcohols (dehydration): Using conc. H2SO4 at 160 - 180°C, alcohols are dehydrated to form alkenes. The most substituted alkene is the major product.
Saytzeff's Rule
- The major product of an elimination reaction is the alkene with the most alkyl substituents on the double-bonded carbon.
- The order of reactivity for halogen elimination is Iodine > Bromine > Chlorine > Fluorine.
- Tertiary alkyl halides are more reactive than secondary and primary alkyl halides.
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Description
This quiz covers key concepts about alkenes, including their structure, general formula, and hybridization. It also focuses on IUPAC nomenclature, common names, and unsaturated alkyl groups. Test your knowledge of unsaturated hydrocarbons and their properties.
