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Questions and Answers
What is the catalyst used in the hydrogenation process to convert alkene and alkyne to alkane?
What is the product when ethene undergoes hydrogenation?
How is propane prepared from alkyl halide according to the text?
What is the reducing agent used in the conversion of alkyl halides to alkanes?
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In what order do alkyl halides with increasing sizes react with hydrogen gas and dilute HCl according to the text?
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Study Notes
Preparation of Alkane
- Alkanes can be prepared from unsaturated hydrocarbons through the hydrogenation process, which involves the addition of dihydrogen gas to alkenes and alkynes in the presence of catalysts like Platinum, Palladium, and Nickel.
- Examples of hydrogenation reactions:
- Ethene (CH₂=CH₂) + H₂ → Ethane (H₂C-CH₂H)
- Propene (CH₂=CHCH₃) + H₂ → Propane (CH₃-CH₂-CH₃)
- Propyne (CH₃-C≡CH) + 2H₂ → Propane (CH₃-CH₂-CH₃)
Preparation of Alkane from Alkyl Halide
- Alkanes can also be prepared from alkyl halides through a hydrogenation reaction in the presence of catalysts like Pt, Pd, and Ni.
- Examples of hydrogenation reactions:
- CH₃-Cl + H₂ → Ethane (CH₃-CH₃) (using Pt/Pd/Ni)
- CH₃-CH₂-Cl + H₂ → Propane (CH₃-CH₂-CH₃) (using Ni)
Reduction of Alkyl Halide
- Alkyl halides can undergo reduction reactions with Zn/HCl to form alkanes.
- Example: R-X + H-Zn → R-H + XH
- Increasing order of reactivity of halides with Zn and dilute HCl is:
- I > Br > Cl > F
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Description
This quiz covers the preparation of alkanes from unsaturated hydrocarbons through the addition of dihydrogen gas to alkenes and alkynes using catalysts like platinum, palladium, and nickel. It includes examples such as ethene, propene, and propyne reacting with hydrogen to form alkanes. Additionally, it explores alkane preparation from alkyl halides with catalysts like Pt, Pd, and Ni.
