Alkali Metals: Properties and Reactivity
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following elements has the lowest melting point?

  • Francium
  • Cesium
  • Lead
  • Rubidium (correct)

    • Which scientist is credited with the discovery of a new element through spectroscopy?

  • Robert Bunsen
  • Gustav Kirchhoff
  • Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff (correct)
  • None of the above

    • What is the atomic number of Francium?

  • 87 (correct)
  • 132.9
  • 37
  • 55

    • Which element has the highest atomic number among the options?

    <p>Francium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mass number of Cesium?

    <p>132.9</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of MnO2 on glass?

    <p>Masks the blue color</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of Carbonic oxide hemoglobin on hemoglobin?

    <p>It prevent hemoglobin from uniting with oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the antidote for Carbonic oxide hemoglobin?

    <p>100% oxygen, artificial air, and hyperbaric oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for glass?

    <p>Na2(CO3) + Pure Silica</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who discovered silicon?

    <p>Berzelius (1893)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process of producing silica gel?

    <p>Hydrolysis of inorganic orthosilicates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the allotropic form of silica?

    <p>Fumed silica</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general trend of the degree of solvation of alkali metals with respect to atomic number?

    <p>It decreases with atomic number</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of increasing atomic number on the reactivity of alkali metals?

    <p>Reactivity increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic appearance of crystalline or semi-metallic silicon?

    <p>Silvery octahedral crystals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process used to produce 99% pure hydrogen?

    <p>Messerschmidt process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the antidote for silicon toxicity?

    <p>Alumina</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the use of lithium in air conditioners?

    <p>As a heat exchanger</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is another name for Polymeric Dimethyl Siloxane?

    <p>Simethicone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of overdose of lithium?

    <p>Overdose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the use of Attapulgite 'NHMAS'?

    <p>Ingredients in Polymagma, Diatabs, Quintess</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common neurological side effect of lithium?

    <p>Movement tremors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the use of lithium bromide?

    <p>Diuretic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of Talc?

    <p>Softest mineral known</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Germanium also known as?

    <p>Eka-Silicon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the use of lithium carbonate?

    <p>Antacids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are alkali metals not found freely in nature?

    <p>Due to their reactivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the use of Bentonite or Soap clay?

    <p>Suspending agent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of Silicon Dioxide SiO2?

    <p>Nearly pure silica</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the second lightest element in the universe?

    <p>Helium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary use of Stannous Chloride?

    <p>Testing for Gold</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common name of Lead Acetate?

    <p>Sugar of Lead</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main use of Titanium Dioxide?

    <p>Opacifying agent and Sunscreen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the alloy composed of 80% Tin and 20% Antimony?

    <p>Babbitt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of UVA radiation on the skin?

    <p>Plays a major role in skin aging and wrinkling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the use of Lead Monoxide?

    <p>Making Flint glass and Ceramics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common name of Plumber's Soldier?

    <p>Soldier</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the use of Stannic Oxide?

    <p>Germicide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of UVB radiation on the skin?

    <p>Strongly linked to cancer and sunburn</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the use of Goulard's Extract?

    <p>Astringent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Alkali Metals or Soluble Groups "ACTIVE ELEMENTS"

    • Valence electron: 1
    • Hydroxides and Oxides are STRONGLY BASIC
    • SOFTER than most other metals
    • Activity and Alkalinity increase with atomic number (↓A# = ↑Activity and Alkalinity)
    • MOST REACTIVE metals, that DO NOT OCCUR FREELY in nature
    • Degree of solvation (attract water) decrease with atomic number (↑A# = ↓Affinity/DS)
    • React with HALOGEN to form SALTS
    • React with OXYGEN and AIR forming BASIC OXIDES
    • Hydrogen shares the same properties with alkali metal

    Hydrogen

    • Lightest Element
    • HELIUM - 2nd Lightest Element
    • Universe Most Abundant Element
    • Density: 1 g/mL
    • Method of preparation: LANE PROCESS and MESSERSCHMIDT PROCESS
    • ISOTOPES of Hydrogen: PROTIUM (H2O), DEUTERIUM (D2O), and TRITIUM
    • Named by: Antoine Laurent Lavoisier
    • Discovered by: Henry Cavendish

    Lithium

    • 3rd Lightest Element
    • Lightest Metal
    • Density: 0.534 g/mL - float in water
    • Derived: “lithos” - Stones
    • Discovered by: J.A Arfwedson
    • Atomic Number: 3
    • Melting Point: 186°C
    • Mass Number: 7
    • Compounds: Lithium Bromide (LiBr), Lithium Carbonate (Li2CO3)
    • Use: Heat exchanger in aircon, CNS Depressant, Diuretic

    Sodium or Natrium

    • The cation of choice to optimize the pharmaceutical utility of organic medicaments
    • Modification: CESIUM color: BLUE, RUBIDIUM color: RED, FRANCIUM
    • Discovered by Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff

    Silicon

    • Glass: Na2(CO3) + Pure Silica
    • Silica Gel Fume- Condensation of silica vapor
    • Allotropic form: Silica gel - prepared by hydrolysis of inorganic or organic orthosilicates
    • Amorphous silicon - Dark brown
    • Crystalline or Semi-metallic silicon - Silvery octahedral crystals
    • Toxicity: Silicosis - resembling TB symptoms that develops after long exposure
    • Antidote: Alumina
    • Compounds: Silicon Dioxide SiO2, Aluminum Silicates, Attapulgite ‘NHMAS’

    Tin or Stannum

    • Pharmacologic Action: Germicidal effect against Staphylococci
    • Alloys of Tin: Babbitt, Gun Metal, Pewter Metal, Soldier, Plumber's Soldier, Rose Metal
    • Compounds: Stannous Chloride (SnCl2), Stannous Fluoride (SnF2), Stannic Oxide (SnO2)

    Lead or Plumbum

    • Increase the Refractive Index of glass
    • Source of poisoning: Lead Paints, Lead Batteries, Lead Pipes
    • Toxicity: Plumbism
    • Manifestation: Foot drop or Wrist drop, Burton line - blue line in gum with bluish-black edging to the teeth
    • Antidote: EDTA and CaNa2 EDTA
    • Compounds: Lead Acetate Pb(C2H3O2)2, Lead Subacetate Pb3(C4H10O8), Lead Monoxide (PbO)

    Titanium or "Titans" Sons of the Earth

    • Use: Powerful Reducing agent
    • UV Radiation: UVA, UVB, UVC
    • Compound: Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) Opacifying agent, Sunscreen

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    Related Documents

    Group 1-A Alkali Metals PDF

    Description

    Learn about the properties of alkali metals, including their valence electrons, hydroxides, oxides, and reactivity. Understand how their activity and alkalinity increase with atomic number.

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