Alkali Metals and Halogens Quiz

Alkali Metals

• Alkali metals react with oxygen to form metal oxides.
• Alkali metals are easily oxidized and are stored in oil to prevent this reaction.
• Alkali metals react with water to form alkali hydroxide and hydrogen gas.
• Alkali metals only form +1 ions.

Halogens

• Halogens are non-metals with 7 electrons in their outer shell.
• They form -1 ions.
• They exist as diatomic molecules.
• Halogens have low melting and boiling points that increase as you move down the group.
• Their reactivity decreases as you move down the group.
• A halogen can displace a less reactive halogen from a compound in a displacement reaction.
• Fluorine is the most reactive halogen, and Astatine is the least reactive.

Reactivity Trends

• Reactivity increases down Group 1 because the outer shell electrons are further from the nucleus, leading to weaker attraction and easier loss of an electron.
• Reactivity decreases down Group 7 because the outer shell electrons are further from the nucleus, leading to weaker attraction for an incoming electron.

Transition Metals

• Transition metals are found between Group 2 and 3 on the periodic table.
• They are lustrous (shiny), hard, strong, have high density, are ductile (can be drawn into wires), malleable (can bend into shape), and good conductors of heat and electricity.
• Transition metals have high melting and boiling points.
• Most transition metals are not magnetic.
• Transition metals are not very reactive.
• They form colorful compounds and can form ions with various charges.