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Questions and Answers
Which precipitate indicates the presence of oxalic acid when mixed with CaClâ‚‚?
Which precipitate indicates the presence of oxalic acid when mixed with CaClâ‚‚?
- White precipitate immediately (correct)
- No precipitate formed
- White precipitate after boiling
- White precipitate after scratching
What color indicates the presence of fructose in the Furfural Test?
What color indicates the presence of fructose in the Furfural Test?
- Violet color immediately (correct)
- Pink
- No color change
- Red to brown
What is the conclusion if the Barfoed Test results in a negative result?
What is the conclusion if the Barfoed Test results in a negative result?
- Reducing sugar is absent
- Disaccharide is present (correct)
- Monosaccharide is present
- Glucose is present
In the solubility test, what does 'Completely Soluble' indicate about the mixture?
In the solubility test, what does 'Completely Soluble' indicate about the mixture?
What color in the confirmation test indicates the presence of glucose?
What color in the confirmation test indicates the presence of glucose?
Which reaction results are indicative of the presence of salicylic acid?
Which reaction results are indicative of the presence of salicylic acid?
If a mixture showing a positive Barfoed Test is colored red, what can be concluded?
If a mixture showing a positive Barfoed Test is colored red, what can be concluded?
What should be expected if the Fehling's Test yields a result that is red to brown?
What should be expected if the Fehling's Test yields a result that is red to brown?
What indicates the presence of a Mix containing Aliphatic acid?
What indicates the presence of a Mix containing Aliphatic acid?
What result would indicate a successful identification of Citric acid during filtration?
What result would indicate a successful identification of Citric acid during filtration?
Which of the following results would suggest the presence of Salicylic acid when using FeCl₃ solution?
Which of the following results would suggest the presence of Salicylic acid when using FeCl₃ solution?
What is the expected result when filtering a Salt of Aliphatic that contains Tartaric acid?
What is the expected result when filtering a Salt of Aliphatic that contains Tartaric acid?
What does a visible furance indicate regarding the mixtures being analyzed?
What does a visible furance indicate regarding the mixtures being analyzed?
Which type of acid is completely insoluble in water?
Which type of acid is completely insoluble in water?
What is the immediate result when a solution containing oxalic acid is treated with CaClâ‚‚?
What is the immediate result when a solution containing oxalic acid is treated with CaClâ‚‚?
When performing filtration on aromatic acids, what color indicates the presence of benzoic acid?
When performing filtration on aromatic acids, what color indicates the presence of benzoic acid?
What indicates a positive Molisch's test for aliphatic acids?
What indicates a positive Molisch's test for aliphatic acids?
Which of the following mixtures results in complete solubility in water?
Which of the following mixtures results in complete solubility in water?
What is the expected result when your mixture is aromatic acid + starch?
What is the expected result when your mixture is aromatic acid + starch?
What happens after boiling a solution with citric acid?
What happens after boiling a solution with citric acid?
What type of acids can form a positive result in Molisch's test?
What type of acids can form a positive result in Molisch's test?
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Study Notes
Aliphatic and Aromatic Acids
- Aliphatic acids are soluble in water.
- Aromatic acids are insoluble in water.
- Examples of aliphatic acids include oxalic acid, tartaric acid, and citric acid.
- Examples of aromatic acids include salicylic acid, benzoic acid, and phthalic acid.
Solubility Test
- A mixture of aliphatic acids and aliphatic acids is completely soluble in water.
- A mixture of aromatic acids and aromatic acids is completely insoluble in water.
- A mixture of aliphatic acids and aromatic acids is partially soluble in water.
Filteration of Aliphatic Acids
- Aliphatic Acids make a neutral solution.
- Add NHâ‚„OH.
- Add CaClâ‚‚ solution.
- A white precipitate immediately indicates oxalic acid.
- A white precipitate after scratching indicates tartaric acid.
- A white precipitate after boiling indicates citric acid.
Filteration of Aromatic Acids
- Aromatic acids make a neutral solution.
- Add NHâ‚„OH.
- Add FeCl₃ solution.
- A buff colour indicates benzoic acid.
- A Violet colour indicates salicylic acid.
Molisch's Test
- Positive results indicate that a mixture of an alipathic acid and Carbohydrate is present.
- A violet ring forms during a positive result.
- Negative results indicate that a mixture of an aromatic acid and Carbohydrate is present.
Solubility Test
- A mixture of an aliphatic acid and a mono or disaccharide is completely soluable in water.
- A mixture of an alipathic acid and starch or an aromatic acid and a mono or disaccharide is patially soluble in water.
- A mixture of an aromatic acid and starch is completely insoluble in water.
Confirmation
- If a dark blue colour is formed when a mixture is added to iodine, it is likely that a mixture of a alipathic acid and starch is present.
- If a dark blue colour is not formed when a mixture is added to iodine, it is likely that a mixture of an aromatic acid and a mono or disaccharide is present.
A-N + Molisch's Test
- If a dark blue colour is formed during confirmation process it is likely that a mixture of an alipathic acid and starch is present.
- If a dark blue colour is not formed during confirmation process it is likely that a mixture of an aromatic acid and a mono or disaccharide is present.
IF DARK BLUE IS FORMED
- A mixture of an alipathic acid and starch will make a white precipitate when added to water.
- Filter aromatic acid.
- Make a neutral solution.
- Add NHâ‚„OH.
- Add CaClâ‚‚ Solution.
- A white precipitate immediately indicates oxalic acid.
- A white precipitate after scratching indicates tartaric acid.
- A white precipitate after boiling indicates citric acid.
IF NO DARK BLUE IS FORMED
- A mixture of an aromatic acid and a mono or disaccharide will make a white precipitate when added to water.
- Filter Aromatic acid.
- Make a neutral solution.
- Add NHâ‚„OH.
- Add FeCl₃ Solution.
- A buff colour indicates benzoic acid.
- A Violet colour indicates salicylic acid.
Filterate (mono or disaccharide)
Barfoed Test
- Add Barfoed's reagent and drops of concentrated sulfuric acid to the filterate and heat with a flame.
- A positive result is indicated by a red color forming after heating.
- A positive result indicates that a monosaccharide (glucose or fructose) is present.
- A negative result indicates that a disaccharide (Maltose, Lactose, or Sucrose) is present.
Furfural Test
- Add water and take a filterate.
- Add Molisch, concentrated HCl and boil.
- A violet colour forming immediately indicates that fructose is present.
- A violet colour forming after a time indicates that glucose is present.
Confirmation
- Add water and take a filterate.
- Add lead acetate.
- Add NHâ‚„OH.
- A pink color indicates that glucose is present.
- A violet colour indicates that fructose is present.
Fehling's Test
- Add water and take a filterate.
- Add Fehling's A and Fehling's B to the filterate.
- A positive result (red to brown) indicates that Lactose or Maltose is present.
- A positive result also indicates that Sucrose is present.
Confirmation
- Add water and take a filterate.
- Add lead acetate.
- Add NH4OH.
- A pink colour indicates that Maltose is present.
- A yellow colour indicates that Lactose is present.
Solubility Test
- A mixture of an aliphatic acid and a salt of an aromatic acid is completely soluble in water.
- A mixture of an aliphatic acid and an insoluble neutral or an aromatic acid and a salt of an aliphatic acid is partially soluble in water.
- A mixture of an aromatic acid and an insoluble neutral is completely insoluble in water.
How to Identify Which Mix You Have?
- If a furance is present, then it is likely a mixture of an aliphatic acid and an insoluble neutral is present.
- If no furance is present, then it is likely a mixture of an aromatic acid and a salt of an aliphatic acid is present.
Solubility Test
- A mixture added to water will make a precipitate if an insoluble neutral is present.
How to Identify Which Mix You Have?
- If a furance is present, then it is likely a mixture of an aliphatic acid and an insoluble neutral is present.
- If no furance is present, then it is likely a mixture of an aromatic acid and a salt of an aliphatic acid is present.
Solubility Test
- A mixture added to water will make a precipitate if an aromatic acid or neutral solution is present.
How to Identify Which Mix You Have?
- If a furance is present, then it is likely a mixture of an aliphatic acid and an insoluble neutral is present.
- If no furance is present, then it is likely a mixture of an aromatic acid and a salt of an aliphatic acid is present.
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