Algorithms Quiz: Quicksort and Stacks

A data structure that follows the Last-In-First-Out (LIFO) principle, meaning the last element added is the first one removed. Think of a stack of plates - you take the top plate off first.

The operation of adding a new element to the top of the stack. It's like placing a new plate on top of your stack of plates.

The operation of removing the top element from the stack. It's like taking the top plate off your stack of plates.

The top of the stack is where the last element added is located. It's the most accessible element to remove.

An array is used to represent the stack in memory. Each element in the array corresponds to a position in the stack.

A pointer variable that holds the index of the top element in the stack. It allows you to access the top element easily.

The maximum number of elements that can be stored in the stack. This limit is typically defined by the size of the array used to represent the stack.

This condition occurs when you attempt to add an element to a stack that is already full. It's like trying to add a plate to a stack when there's no space left.

This occurs when you try to remove an element from an empty stack. It's like trying to take a plate from an empty stack.

The elements in the stack are stored in consecutive memory locations, typically in an array. This makes it efficient to access elements based on their position.

A notation where the operator symbol is placed before its operands.

A notation where the operator symbol is placed between its operands.

A notation where the operator symbol is placed after its operands.

The order of operations is determined by the positions of operators and operands. No parentheses are needed.

A method used to convert Infix to Postfix, where we scan the infix expression symbol by symbol, pushing them onto a stack and popping them according to rules, ultimately producing a postfix expression.

A method used to convert Postfix to Infix, where we scan the postfix expression symbol by symbol, pushing them onto a stack and popping them according to rules, ultimately producing an infix expression.

A sorting algorithm that uses a stack as a primary data structure.

A data structure that follows the Last-In, First-Out (LIFO) principle. Think of a stack of plates or a stack of books.

Rearranging elements in a list to be in a specific order, like numerically or alphabetically.

In the Quicksort algorithm, the initial step involves finding the right position for the first element in the list.

Repeatedly scanning a list from right to left, comparing each element with a pivot element, and swapping them if the current element is less than the pivot.

Repeatedly scanning a list from left to right, comparing each element with a pivot element, and swapping them if the current element is greater than the pivot.

The act of exchanging the positions of two elements in a list.

The process of breaking a list into two sublists based on the position of the pivot. One sublist contains elements smaller than the pivot, and the other contains elements larger than the pivot.

The worst-case scenario for Quicksort, where the algorithm might take the longest time to sort the list completely.

The average time Quicksort takes to sort a list, usually a more efficient scenario compared to the worst-case.

The most efficient way Quicksort can sort a list, where it takes minimal time.