Algorithms & Coding: Loops, Input, Process, and Output

Algorithms and Coding

• A programming algorithm is a procedure or formula used for solving a problem, based on a sequence of specified actions.
• Algorithms are the building blocks for programming, allowing devices to function and make decisions.

Loops

• A loop is a sequence of instructions that is continually repeated until a certain condition is reached.
• Loops are used to shorten code, allowing programmers to write it once and repeat it as needed.
• There are three types of loops in Scratch: "repeat", "repeat until", and "forever" loops.
• These loop blocks are found in the "Control drawer" in Scratch.

Input, Process, and Output

• Input refers to the user giving something to the program, while output is the program giving something to the user.
• Input and output is the communication between a computer program and its user.
• Example: inputting R10 into a vending machine and receiving a bag of chips as output.

Flowcharts

• A flowchart is a diagram that represents a workflow or process, showing the steps as boxes of various kinds.
• A flowchart is a picture of the separate steps of a process in sequential order.
• It is a generic tool that can be adapted for a wide variety of purposes.

Variables

• In programming, a variable is a value that can change, depending on conditions or information passed to the program.
• A variable is a way of storing information in a computer program, helping coders understand, remember, and use the information.
• Variables are used to store and retrieve information in a program, allowing coders to use a shortcut instead of remembering strings of information.