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Algorithmic Complexity and Running Time Measurements Quiz
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Algorithmic Complexity and Running Time Measurements Quiz

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Questions and Answers

For which algorithm does the running time have a linear relationship with $n$?

  • Third algorithm
  • None of the algorithms
  • First algorithm (correct)
  • Second algorithm
  • If the running time of each algorithm is 1 second on the original processor, what is being calculated?

  • Maximum $n$ for given times (correct)
  • New productivity ratios
  • The fastest overall algorithm
  • None of the above
  • What happens to the running time of each algorithm when a processor ten times faster is used?

  • It becomes unpredictable
  • It is reduced by a factor of ten (correct)
  • It remains the same
  • It is increased by a factor of ten
  • Which algorithm has the fastest running time for large values of $n$?

    <p>Algorithm with complexity $O(n)$ and actual running time $0.1n$ seconds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For which algorithm does the actual running time increase most rapidly as $n$ grows?

    <p>Algorithm with complexity $O(2^n)$ and actual running time $0.0001* 2^n$ seconds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the number of data items to be processed doubles, which algorithm will have the biggest increase in running time?

    <p>Algorithm with complexity $O(2^n)$ and actual running time $0.0001* 2^n$ seconds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the growth rate of the function $T(n) = 10$?

    <p>Constant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the growth rate of the function $T(n) = n^2 - 1000 + 2$?

    <p>Quadratic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the growth rate of the function $T(n) = 3 imes 8^n - 10$?

    <p>Exponential</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For which algorithm does the actual running time increase most rapidly as $n$ grows?

    <p>Algorithm C with complexity $O(2^n)$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the running time of each algorithm is 1 second on the original processor, what is being calculated?

    <p>The maximum value of $n$ for which the problem can be solved in 1 second</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the growth rate of the function $T(n) = 3 imes 8^n - 10$?

    <p>$O(8^n)$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Qual es le crescita del function $T(n) = extstylerac{1}{2}n^2 + 3n + 1$?

    <p>Quadratic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Qual representa le notation O(g(n)) pro le function $T(n) = 5n + 2$?

    <p>O(n)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Qual es le notation O(g(n)) pro le function $T(n) = extstylerac{1}{3}n^3 + 4n^2 + 2n$?

    <p>O(n^3)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the growth rate of the function $T(n)=3 ext{log}_{10}n^2+3.56n^2$?

    <p>Quadratic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which notation represents the growth rate of the function $T(n)=3 ext{log}_{10}n^2+3.56n^2$?

    <p>$O(n^2)$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be said about the growth rate of the function $T(n)=3 ext{log}_{10}n^2+3.56n^2$?

    <p>It grows quadratically due to the dominant term $3.56n^2$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Arrange the following expressions by growth rate from slowest to fastest: 4 n2 , n ! , n log2 n, log2 n, 3n , log3 n , n2 /3 , 3n, 1000

    <p>log2 n, log3 n, n log2 n, 4 n2, n2 /3, 3n, 1000, n !, 3n</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which expression has the slowest growth rate?

    <p>log2 n</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which expression has the fastest growth rate?

    <p>3n</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the algorithmic growth rate for program skeleton 'a'?

    <p>O(n)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the algorithmic growth rate for program skeleton 'b'?

    <p>O(n^2)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the algorithmic growth rate for the given program skeleton?

    <p>O(1)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the value of n doubles, which algorithm will have the biggest increase in running time?

    <p>O(3n)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which notation represents the growth rate of the function T(n) = 3log2n + 3.56n^2?

    <p>O(n^2)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the algorithmic growth rate for the given program skeleton?

    <p>O(log n)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the loop condition was changed to 'i=i-1', what would be the algorithmic growth rate?

    <p>O(log n)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the loop condition was changed to 'i=i*2', what would be the algorithmic growth rate?

    <p>O(log n)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the algorithmic growth rate for the given program skeleton?

    <p>O(n)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the loop condition was changed to 'i=i*2', what would be the algorithmic growth rate?

    <p>O(log n)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the running time of each algorithm when a processor ten times faster is used?

    <p>Running time decreases by a factor of 10</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the loop condition was changed to 'i=i*2', what would be the algorithmic growth rate?

    <p>O(log n)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For which algorithm does the actual running time increase most rapidly as n grows?

    <p>O(n!)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the algorithmic growth rate if the loop condition was changed to 'i=i*2'?

    <p>O(log n)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the value of n doubles, which algorithm will have the biggest increase in running time?

    <p>O(3n)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For which algorithm does the running time have a linear relationship with n?

    <p>Algorithm A: T(n) = 2n + 3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the algorithmic growth rate for the given program skeleton?

    <p>O(n squareroot of n ​ )</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the running time of each algorithm when a processor ten times faster is used?

    <p>The running time decreases by a factor of 10</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the algorithmic growth rate for the given program skeleton?

    <p>O(log n)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which notation represents the growth rate of the function T(n)=3log2n+3.56n^2?

    <p>O(n^2)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the algorithmic growth rate for the given program skeleton?

    <p>O(nlog n)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the loop condition was changed to 'l=l*2', what would be the algorithmic growth rate?

    <p>O(2^n)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the notation a[ins+1..right+1] represent?

    <p>A subarray of elements starting from the index ins+1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What elements does a[ins+1..right+1] array include?

    <p>Elements starting from the index ins+1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a is an array [10, 20, 30, 40, 50] and ins is 2, what does a[ins..right] represent?

    <p>The subarray [30, 40, 50]</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a[ins+1..right+1] represent in the given context?

    <p>The range of elements selected to be moved to the right</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step of inserting 35 at ins:2 of the array [10,20,30,40,50]?

    <p>30, 40, 50</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens after a[ins+1..right+1] is moved to the right?

    <p>30 moves to the right to occupy 40's position</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the goal of array deletions?

    <p>Remove a specific value from an array or subarray</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the array's integrity maintained during deletions?

    <p>By shifting the remaining elements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For which type of arrays does a linear search work?

    <p>Both unsorted and sorted arrays</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is assumed when indicating array deletion?

    <p>All elements to the left of the deletion point, including itself, are removed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the goal of array deletions?

    <p>Remove a specific value from an array or subarray</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When indicating array deletion, what happens to the elements to the right of the deletion point?

    <p>They are shifted to the left to fill the empty space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is done when an element is deleted from an array?

    <p>The elements to the right of it are copied and their indexes are changed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the notation a[del+1..right] indicate in the context of array deletion?

    <p>The subarray for elements to the right of the site of deletion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the elements in the subarray a[del..right-1] after an element is deleted from the array?

    <p>The index of the subarray is decreased by one</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the abilities provided by reflection?

    <p>Inspect classes and objects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What part of classes does reflection inspect?

    <p>Fields</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is reflection useful?

    <p>Inspect, invoke, and instantiate without prior knowledge of class names/types during runtime</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do you dynamically load a class in Java?

    <p>Class.forName(&quot;ClassName&quot;)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the method to declare a new instance of a class in Java?

    <p>Class.newInstance();</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do you call the constructor onto the object for instantiation in Java?

    <p>object.getConstructor(double.class, double.class)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do you add a method onto the instantiated object using Dynamic Invocation?

    <p>By using the getMethod() method on the object</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do you invoke a method in Dynamic Invocation?

    <p>By using the invoke() method on the Method object</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What parameter does the invoke() method take in Dynamic Invocation?

    <p>The object you're calling and the method's parameters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Algorithm Running Times and Growth Rates

    • Linear relationship in running time with $n$ typically refers to algorithms with an $O(n)$ complexity.
    • If running time is 1 second on an original processor, it indicates the baseline time for the algorithm's execution.
    • With a processor ten times faster, the running time of algorithms will reduce to 0.1 seconds (1 second / 10).
    • The fastest running time for large values of $n$ is often characterized by $O(1)$ and $O(\log n)$ complexities, while algorithms with $O(n)$ come next.
    • The actual running time increases most rapidly for exponential algorithms, such as those with $O(2^n)$ or $O(n!)$ complexities.
    • Doubling the number of data items significantly increases running time for algorithms like $O(n^2)$, compared to $O(\log n)$.
    • The growth rate of $T(n) = 10$ is constant, denoted as $O(1)$.
    • The growth rate of $T(n) = n^2 - 1000 + 2$ simplifies to $O(n^2)$ due to the dominant term.
    • For $T(n) = 3 \times 8^n - 10$, the growth rate is $O(8^n)$, indicative of exponential growth.
    • The algorithm with the most rapid increase in actual running time as $n$ grows is often exponential or factorial in nature like $O(n!)$.
    • If $T(n) = \frac{1}{2}n^2 + 3n + 1$, its growth rate is $O(n^2)$.
    • The notation $O(g(n))$ for $T(n) = 5n + 2$ is $O(n)$.
    • For $T(n) = \frac{1}{3}n^3 + 4n^2 + 2n$, the growth rate is $O(n^3)$.
    • The growth rate for $T(n) = 3 \log_{10} n^2 + 3.56n^2$ is dominated by the $n^2$ term, hence $O(n^2)$.
    • Notation $O(n^2)$ represents the growth rate for $T(n) = 3 \log_{10} n^2 + 3.56n^2$.

    Expression Growth Rates

    • Arrange growth rates from slowest to fastest: $log_{2} n$, $log_{3} n$, $3n$, $4n^2$, $n \log_{2} n$, $n^2/3$, $n!$, $1000$.
    • The slowest growth rate expression is $log_{2} n$.
    • The fastest growth rate expression is $n!$.

    Algorithmic Growth Rates and Changes in Conditions

    • The algorithmic growth rate for program skeletons depends on their operations: loops and conditional statements.
    • For a loop condition of 'i=i-1', if the loop runs a fixed number of times, it could be $O(1)$.
    • If 'i=i*2', it shifts the growth to logarithmic, typically $O(\log n)$.
    • Doubling $n$ increases running time notably in quadratic $O(n^2)$ or above, while linear $O(n)$ increases less dramatically.

    Array Operations

    • Notation $a[ins+1..right+1]$ represents a subarray starting just after index ins to right+1.
    • For an array $a = [10, 20, 30, 40, 50]$ with ins at 2, $a[ins..right]$ includes elements from index 2 to the last index.
    • Inserting elements (e.g., 35 at ins:2) requires shifting elements to the right to maintain order.
    • Array deletions maintain integrity by following operations that keep the elements contiguous.
    • After deletion, elements to the right of the deletion point are shifted left to fill the gap.
    • The notation $a[del+1..right]$ in deletions indicates elements that follow the deleted element.

    Reflection in Java

    • Reflection allows inspection and manipulation of class properties at runtime in Java.
    • It inspects class metadata such as methods, fields, and constructors.
    • Reflection is useful for frameworks that require dynamic behavior or for debugging.
    • Classes are dynamically loaded using methods like Class.forName().
    • A new instance of a class is declared with ClassName obj = new ClassName();.
    • The constructor is called during instantiation when the object is created.
    • A method is added to an object through Dynamic Invocation using Method.invoke().
    • The invoke() method takes the target object and parameters for method execution.

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    Quiz: "Algorithmic Complexity and Running Time Measurements" Test your understanding of algorithmic complexity and running time measurements with this quiz. Complete the table with the largest values of n for which the problem can be solved within a specified time limit using different algorithms with complexities O(n), O(n^2), and O(2^n).

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