Alcohols, Phenols, and Ethers

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Which pair of reactants is required for the preparation of t-butyl ethyl ether using the Williamson synthesis?

Ethyl alcohol and tert-butyl chloride
Sodium tert-butoxide and ethyl chloride (correct)
Sodium ethoxide and tert-butyl chloride
tert-Butyl alcohol and ethyl alcohol

Formaldehyde reacts with Grignard reagents followed by hydrolysis to produce secondary alcohols.

False (B)

What type of alcohol is formed when ketones react with Grignard reagents followed by hydrolysis?

Tertiary alcohol

Aspirin is chemically known as acetyl ______ acid.

salicylic Signup and view all the answers

In a chemical reaction, if 'A' is subjected to catalytic hydrogenation in presence of nickel to yield 'B', and 'B' is known to be diethyl ether, what is 'A'?

Ethene (D) Signup and view all the answers

Phenols are acidic due to the lower stability of phenoxide ion formed after deprotonation.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

Starting from a Grignard reagent, describe the process of production of Propan-2-ol.

Treat acetaldehyde with methyl magnesium bromide followed by hydrolysis. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes the use of Tollen's and Fehling's reagents?

Tollen's reagent gives a silver mirror, and Fehling's reagent gives a red precipitate with aldehydes. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which factor does not contribute to the catalytic property of transition elements?

High ionization energy (C) Signup and view all the answers

Zinc is considered a transition element because it exhibits variable oxidation states.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason transition metal ions are typically colored in solution?

d-d transition Signup and view all the answers

Transition elements are known to form a large number of __________ compounds due to their properties such as smaller size and high ionic charge.

complex Signup and view all the answers

Match the following properties with the corresponding element characteristic:

Variable oxidation states = Transition elements Colored ions = Transition elements Catalytic activity = Transition elements Common +3 oxidation state = Lanthanoids Signup and view all the answers

Using the provided formula, calculate the $E_a$ (Activation Energy) when $T_1 = 300K$, $T_2 = 320K$, $k_1 = x$, $k_2 = 3x$ and $R= 8.314 J K^{-1} mol^{-1}$. Given: $log\ 3 = 0.4771$

69.89 kJ/mol (C) Signup and view all the answers

How many unpaired electrons are present in $M^{2+}$ ion with atomic number 27?

3 (D) Signup and view all the answers

All transition elements exhibit paramagnetism.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions is essential for a compound to undergo aldol condensation?

Presence of at least one α-hydrogen atom. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the key characteristic of aldehydes that undergo the Cannizzaro reaction?

They have no alpha-hydrogens. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the reaction that reduces an acyl chloride (R-CO-Cl) to an aldehyde using hydrogen gas in the presence of palladium on barium sulfate?

Rosenmund Reduction Signup and view all the answers

CH3COOH is more acidic than CH2Cl-COOH because of the electron-donating inductive effect of the chlorine atom.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

The reaction of converting CH3-COOH to CH2Cl-COOH by treating it with $Cl_2$ in the presence of red phosphorus is known as the _______ reaction.

Hell-Volhard-Zelinsky Signup and view all the answers

Why do carboxylic acids not undergo Friedel-Crafts acylation?

The carboxyl group deactivates the ring and forms a salt with the $AlCl_3$ catalyst. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the coordination number of the central metal ion in $[Cr(NH_3)_4Cl_2]Br$?

6 (B) Signup and view all the answers

Match the following reactions with their descriptions:

Gattermann-Koch Reaction = Benzene reacts with CO and HCl in the presence of anhydrous $AlCl_3$ or $CuCl$ to yield benzaldehyde. Etard Reaction = Toluene is oxidized using chromyl chloride ($CrO_2Cl_2$) in $CS_2$ followed by acidification to yield benzaldehyde. Stephen Reaction = Not covered in text. Signup and view all the answers

In the Etard reaction, what are the reactants and conditions used to convert toluene to benzaldehyde?

Toluene, chromyl chloride ($CrO_2Cl_2$), $CS_2$, followed by acidification Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the correct IUPAC name for $K_3[Fe(CN)_6]$?

Potassium hexacyanidoferrate(III) (D) Signup and view all the answers

Ligands are always negatively charged ions.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following ligands is an example of a chelating ligand?

Ethane–1,2–diamine (en) (B) Signup and view all the answers

Ambidentate ligands are monodentate ligands containing more than one ______ atom.

donor Signup and view all the answers

Which type of structural isomerism is exhibited by $[Co(NH_3)_5SO_4]Br$ and $[Co(NH_3)_5Br]SO_4$?

Ionization Isomerism (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the central metal ion and the ligands in the coordination compound $[Cr(NH_3)_4Cl_2]Br$?

The central metal ion is $Cr^{3+}$ and the ligands are $NH_3$ and $Cl^-$. Signup and view all the answers

Match the following coordination compounds with their correct IUPAC names:

[Ni(CO)4] = Tetracarbonylnickel(0) [Cr(H2O)6]Cl3 = Hexaaquachromium(III)chloride K3[Fe(CN)6] = Potassiumhexacyanidoferrate(III) [Co(NH3)5Cl]SO4 = Pentaamminechloridocobalt(III)sulphate Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the role of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in the Reimer-Tiemann reaction?

It deprotonates phenol to enhance its reactivity. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Esterification involves the reaction of alcohols or phenols with carboxylic acids, acid chlorides, or acid anhydrides to form ketones.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

What two reagents are used in the conversion of alkene to alcohols via hydroboration-oxidation reaction?

Diborane (B2H6) and Hydrogen peroxide/Aqueous Sodium Hydroxide (H2O2/Aq.NaOH) Signup and view all the answers

In the Williamson's ether synthesis, an alkyl halide reacts with a(n) ______ to form an ether.

alkoxide Signup and view all the answers

Match the following reactions with their primary reactants:

Williamson's ether synthesis = Alkyl halide and alkoxide Reimer-Tiemann Reaction = Phenol and chloroform Kolbe's Reaction = Phenol and carbon dioxide Esterification = Alcohol and carboxylic acid Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of chromic anhydride (CrO3) in the conversion of ethanol to ethanal?

Oxidizing agent (C) Signup and view all the answers

What type of organic compound is cumene, and how is it related to phenol production?

Isopropyl benzene; Cumene is oxidized and then hydrolyzed to produce phenol. Signup and view all the answers

What is the product of the reaction of phenol with bromine water?

2,4,6-tribromophenol (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of $H_2SO_4$ in the production of glucose from starch?

It acts as a catalyst to speed up the reaction. (A) Signup and view all the answers

The term 'inversion of cane sugar' refers to the change in optical rotation from laevo-rotatory to dextro-rotatory after hydrolysis.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

What products are formed after the hydrolysis of sucrose, and what is the resulting mixture called?

The hydrolysis of sucrose yields D-(+)-glucose and D-(-)-fructose. The resulting mixture is called invert sugar. Signup and view all the answers

Carbohydrates that yield between 2 and 10 monosaccharide units upon hydrolysis are classified as ______.

oligosaccharides Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic distinguishes polysaccharides from oligosaccharides?

Polysaccharides yield a large number of monosaccharide units upon hydrolysis, while oligosaccharides yield 2 to 10. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Explain how the presence of both acidic and basic groups in amino acids contributes to their amphoteric behavior.

Amino acids contain both acidic (carboxyl) and basic (amino) groups, allowing them to act as both acids and bases. In aqueous solution, they form zwitterions, internal salts with both positive and negative charges. Signup and view all the answers

Match the following amino acids with their classification:

Lysine = Essential Valine = Essential Glycine = Non-essential Alanine = Non-essential Signup and view all the answers

What level of protein structure is defined by the sequence of amino acids?

Primary structure (C) Signup and view all the answers

Central Metal Ion

The ion in a coordination compound that is surrounded by ligands.

Ligands

Molecules or ions bonded to the central metal ion in coordination compounds.