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Questions and Answers
According to the World Health Assembly, what did the Global Strategy to Reduce the Harmful Use of Alcohol declare alcohol as?
According to the World Health Assembly, what did the Global Strategy to Reduce the Harmful Use of Alcohol declare alcohol as?
Alcohol is legally regulated internationally.
Alcohol is legally regulated internationally.
False
Who takes a leading role in alcohol policymaking worldwide?
Who takes a leading role in alcohol policymaking worldwide?
Alcohol industry
When was the Third Edition of the book 'Alcohol: No Ordinary Commodity' published?
When was the Third Edition of the book 'Alcohol: No Ordinary Commodity' published?
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Who was Griffith Edwards?
Who was Griffith Edwards?
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Esa Österberg contributed only in the first edition of 'Alcohol: No Ordinary Commodity'.
Esa Österberg contributed only in the first edition of 'Alcohol: No Ordinary Commodity'.
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What type of policies have been attacked in high-income countries, leading to their weakening or dismantling?
What type of policies have been attacked in high-income countries, leading to their weakening or dismantling?
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The collapse of the communist system led to stricter alcohol control policies in former Soviet Union countries.
The collapse of the communist system led to stricter alcohol control policies in former Soviet Union countries.
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What type of alcohol product was fortified with methanol in Nairobi, leading to deaths and hospitalizations?
What type of alcohol product was fortified with methanol in Nairobi, leading to deaths and hospitalizations?
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In Japan, 'Year-Ending Parties Pour Drunks onto Trains of Japan'. The headline of a newspaper article referred to the ______ New Year’s holiday season where at least 60% of passengers were intoxicated during this period.
In Japan, 'Year-Ending Parties Pour Drunks onto Trains of Japan'. The headline of a newspaper article referred to the ______ New Year’s holiday season where at least 60% of passengers were intoxicated during this period.
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What is the focus of the book discussed in the content?
What is the focus of the book discussed in the content?
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Who funded the travel expenses for the authors of the background papers mentioned in the content?
Who funded the travel expenses for the authors of the background papers mentioned in the content?
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Authors of the background papers received payment for their work on the project.
Authors of the background papers received payment for their work on the project.
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Emperor Yu imposed an alcohol tax to reduce consumption in _____
Emperor Yu imposed an alcohol tax to reduce consumption in _____
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Match the following individuals with their respective affiliations:
Match the following individuals with their respective affiliations:
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What are the three main purposes for which alcoholic beverages have been used since antiquity?
What are the three main purposes for which alcoholic beverages have been used since antiquity?
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Which of the following are considered as functions of alcohol in contemporary societies? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following are considered as functions of alcohol in contemporary societies? (Select all that apply)
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Alcohol preparations are no longer used in 'essential medicine' lists for non-drinking applications.
Alcohol preparations are no longer used in 'essential medicine' lists for non-drinking applications.
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Alcohol consumption is associated with a reduction in heart disease possibly due to its ____ effect.
Alcohol consumption is associated with a reduction in heart disease possibly due to its ____ effect.
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What is the focus of the book in relation to alcohol?
What is the focus of the book in relation to alcohol?
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What are some of the values that alcohol control competes with, according to the text?
What are some of the values that alcohol control competes with, according to the text?
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Alcohol is considered an ordinary commodity according to the text.
Alcohol is considered an ordinary commodity according to the text.
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What are the three major themes explored in the storyline of the book?
What are the three major themes explored in the storyline of the book?
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What are some factors contributing to increased alcohol consumption in Muslim-majority countries (MMCs) according to the text?
What are some factors contributing to increased alcohol consumption in Muslim-majority countries (MMCs) according to the text?
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In South America, alcohol control policies have generally not been successful.
In South America, alcohol control policies have generally not been successful.
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In what year were alcohol control policies defined by Kettil Bruun and colleagues?
In what year were alcohol control policies defined by Kettil Bruun and colleagues?
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Public health aims to manage and prevent diseases and injuries in human populations, unlike clinical medicine which focuses on the care and cure of diseases in _______ cases.
Public health aims to manage and prevent diseases and injuries in human populations, unlike clinical medicine which focuses on the care and cure of diseases in _______ cases.
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Match the following authors with their definition of alcohol policy:
Match the following authors with their definition of alcohol policy:
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What is the term used to describe a continuum of permanent birth defects caused by alcohol consumption during pregnancy?
What is the term used to describe a continuum of permanent birth defects caused by alcohol consumption during pregnancy?
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What are some types of impairments that occur with alcohol intoxication? (Select all that apply)
What are some types of impairments that occur with alcohol intoxication? (Select all that apply)
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Alcohol is not considered a toxic substance.
Alcohol is not considered a toxic substance.
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What factors increase the chances of airborne transmission in large indoor social gatherings?
What factors increase the chances of airborne transmission in large indoor social gatherings?
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What was rated as the riskiest activity according to a coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic risk scale developed by a Texas medical association for common activities?
What was rated as the riskiest activity according to a coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic risk scale developed by a Texas medical association for common activities?
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What impact did the relaxed regulation of bars and nightclubs have, leading to young adults becoming vectors for the spread of the virus?
What impact did the relaxed regulation of bars and nightclubs have, leading to young adults becoming vectors for the spread of the virus?
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Alcohol is considered a toxic substance due to its direct and indirect effects on the body.
Alcohol is considered a toxic substance due to its direct and indirect effects on the body.
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Alcoholic beverages are produced and distributed in four ways: home brewing, ______, industrial production, and production of branded international beverages.
Alcoholic beverages are produced and distributed in four ways: home brewing, ______, industrial production, and production of branded international beverages.
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Study Notes
Dedication
- The book is dedicated to Griffith Edwards and Esa Österberg, two pioneers in the field of alcohol studies.
- Griffith Edwards was a renowned scientist who contributed to the concept of alcohol dependence syndrome and was a leader in the UK National Addiction Centre.
- Esa Österberg was a co-author of the book and an expert in economics, social, and historical policy research.
Preface
- The book is the third edition of "Alcohol: No Ordinary Commodity" and is part of a series of monographs that started with "Alcohol Control Policies in Public Health Perspective" in 1975.
- The book aims to provide an evidence-based approach to alcohol policy, highlighting the need for effective interventions to reduce alcohol-related harm.
- The authors acknowledge that the world has changed significantly since the first edition, with changes in global and local markets, and the growing importance of digital technologies.
The Authors' Perspective
- The authors recognize that alcohol is a major risk factor for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and is a significant obstacle to sustainable development and human capital.
- They highlight the importance of global leaders adopting targets for alcohol in the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the World Health Assembly's endorsement of the Global Strategy to Reduce the Harmful Use of Alcohol.
- The authors emphasize that alcohol policy is not just a health issue, but also a social and economic issue that requires a comprehensive approach.
The Book's Contribution
- The book provides a comprehensive review of the scientific evidence on alcohol policy, including the most effective interventions to reduce alcohol-related harm.
- It presents a detailed analysis of the public policy domain and process, as well as the policy actors involved.
- The book aims to promote an evidence-based policy response to alcohol-related problems and to inform policymakers about the most effective strategies to reduce harm.
The Global Burden of Disease
- The global burden of disease attributable to alcohol is significant, with millions of lives lost each year.
- The authors emphasize that these deaths are preventable and that evidence-informed actions can save many lives.
The Evolution of Alcohol Policy Research
- The book is part of a tradition of research on alcohol policy that started with "Alcohol Control Policies in Public Health Perspective" in 1975.
- The series has evolved over the years, with each edition building on the previous one and incorporating new research and evidence.
- The current edition updates the knowledge base on alcohol policy, including new interventions and strategies to reduce harm.Here are the study notes for the text:
Setting the Policy Agenda
- The book is about alcohol policy, its need, making, and impact on health and well-being.
Introduction to Alcohol Policy
- Alcohol is not an ordinary commodity, and policies are needed to prevent harm.
- The book is written for policymakers, scientists, and others interested in bridging the gap between research and policy.
Vignettes on the Effects of Alcohol
- Accidental death of intoxicated teenage boy in Brazil: Easy access to alcohol and ineffective policies lead to a teenage boy's death due to intoxication.
- Public drinking and contagion during the COVID-19 pandemic: In the UK, reopening of pubs during the pandemic led to non-compliance with restrictions, increasing virus transmission risks.
- Deaths and injury from methanol-adulterated alcoholic beverages in Africa: In Kenya and Uganda, methanol-adulterated brews caused deaths and blindness due to lack of policy enforcement.
- Year-end partying in Japan: Heavy drinking during the New Year's holiday season in Japan leads to intoxicated passengers on trains.
Historical Context of Alcohol Policy
- Early examples of local controls on alcohol production, distribution, and consumption date back to ancient China, Greece, Mesopotamia, Egypt, and Rome.
- In the late 19th century, alcohol control became an instrument of organized governmental efforts to protect public health.
- In the early 20th century, some countries imposed total prohibition.
Let me know if you'd like me to make any changes!### Alcohol Policy and Control Measures
- In response to public concerns, extra security guards and 'women-only' railway cars were introduced to minimize injuries and prevent sexual assaults.
Indigenous-Led Alcohol Control Policies in Australia
- In Tennant Creek, Aboriginal groups successfully lobbied for restrictions on payday alcohol sales, 4-litre cask wine, and takeaway sale hours.
- The 'Thirsty Thursday' policy led to a 19% decrease in alcohol consumption, reducing police incidents, hospital admissions, and women's shelter presentations.
Historical Development of Alcohol Policies
- Between 1914 and 1921, 13 self-governing countries, including the US, Canada, Norway, Iceland, Finland, and Russia, adopted laws prohibiting the manufacture and sale of most forms of beverage alcohol.
- Most of these laws were repealed within a decade and replaced by less extreme regulatory policies.
Current State of Alcohol Policies Worldwide
- Alcohol policy in Nordic countries in the 1950s was based on social welfare and public health considerations, featuring high excise duties, comprehensive state alcohol monopolies, and strict controls on availability.
- In contrast, Mediterranean wine-producing countries had few alcohol control policies until the early 1950s, with measures motivated by industrial or commercial interests.
- EU member states have converged on policies, with northern states decreasing regulation of production, distribution, and sales, while southern states introduced demand-reducing measures like advertising restrictions and drink-driving countermeasures.
- In North America, there has been a gradual loosening of alcohol control, with privatization of retail sales and decreased taxation, leading to increased availability and consumption.
Regional Dynamics and Case Studies
- In Eastern Europe, the collapse of communism led to diminished control over alcohol availability, but recent years have seen stricter policies, resulting in decreased disease and social harm.
- In Thailand, a comprehensive Alcohol Control Act and health promotion agency funded by alcohol taxes have led to a slowdown in consumption growth.
- In China, the abolition of the national alcohol monopoly in the 1980s led to increased consumption and liver disease rates.
- In India, varying state policies have not slowed consumption growth.
- In sub-Saharan Africa, attempts to implement stricter controls face opposition from transnational alcohol corporations.
- In South America, some successful country-level policies have restricted availability and implemented drink-driving countermeasures.
Public Health and Social Well-being Approach
- The "new public health" approach focuses on population-level drinking, beyond heavy drinkers, to address overall alcohol-related problems.
- Public health concepts provide an important vehicle to manage the health of populations in relation to alcohol use.
- The social well-being approach goes beyond medical and health concerns to include quality of life dimensions and aims to reduce the social consequences of drinking.
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Description
This quiz is about the research and public policy of alcohol, exploring its impact and effects.
