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AlCl3 in Friedel-Crafts Reaction and EAS Alkylation Quiz
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AlCl3 in Friedel-Crafts Reaction and EAS Alkylation Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the main use of DIBAL-H (diisobutylaluminum hydride) in organic chemistry?

  • Reduction of esters to aldehydes (correct)
  • Reduction of alkenes to alkanes
  • Reduction of carboxylic acids to alcohols
  • Reduction of nitriles to amines
  • Which reagent is typically used for the bromination of alkenes?

  • DMS (dimethyl sulfide)
  • Br2 (bromine) (correct)
  • CrO3 (chromium trioxide)
  • AlCl3 (aluminum chloride)
  • What is the primary role of Cu2X2 (copper(II) halide) in organic synthesis?

  • Reducing agent
  • Oxidizing agent
  • Dehydrating agent
  • Catalyst for 1,2-addition reactions (correct)
  • Which reagent is typically used for the Friedel-Crafts acylation of aromatic compounds?

    <p>AlCl3 (aluminum chloride)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary use of chromium trioxide (CrO3) in organic chemistry?

    <p>Oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes/ketones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which reagent is typically used for the Simmons-Smith cyclopropanation reaction?

    <p>Ag2O (silver(I) oxide)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary use of diazomethane (CH2N2) in organic synthesis?

    <p>Methylation of carboxylic acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which reagent is typically used for the Jones oxidation of alcohols?

    <p>CrO3 (chromium trioxide)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary use of borane (BH3) in organic chemistry?

    <p>Hydroboration of alkenes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which reagent is typically used for the Wolff-Kishner reduction of aldehydes and ketones?

    <p>NaNH2 (sodium amide)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Friedel-Crafts Reaction and Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution

    • AlCl3 and AlBr3 are strong Lewis acids utilized as catalysts.
    • Carbocation intermediates form during these reactions; rearrangement is possible.

    Hydroboration Reaction

    • BH3 and CH2 are used for hydroboration in the presence of H2O2/KOH.
    • Tetrahydrofuran (THF) is used to facilitate the reaction by breaking dimer B2H6.
    • Dialkylboranes (R2BH), such as 9-BBN or isoamylborane, prevent excessive addition to alkynes.

    Bromination Reactions

    • Anti-addition occurs with alkenes and alkynes in solvents like CCl4 and CH2Cl2.
    • Vicinal dibromide formation involves Br2 and water, leading to regioselective reactions.

    Haloform Reaction

    • Bromine (Br2) converts methyl ketones to haloforms (CHX3) and carboxylic acid salts.

    Hoffmann Bromamide Degradation

    • Converts primary amides into primary amines with a loss of one carbon atom.

    Hell–Volhard–Zelinski (HVZ) Reaction

    • Produces tetrabromides from compounds in the presence of Br2.

    Preparation of Cyanides

    • Cyanide ions and nitriles are produced by reacting compounds with acidic solutions, using various chromium compounds (e.g., CrO3/H3O+).

    Cupurous Halides (Cu2X2)

    • Employed in reactions of arene diazonium salts.

    Dimethyl Sulfide (DMS)

    • Serves a role in reductive ozonolysis, yielding carbonyl compounds from alkenes.

    Diazomethane (CH2N2)

    • Used for methyl-esterification of carboxylic acids and cyclopropanation of alkenes.

    Hydrogenation

    • Dihydrogen (H2) reduces alkenes and alkynes to alkanes using metal catalysts like Pd, Pt, or Ni.
    • The process facilitates the insertion of methylene into the OH bond of phenols.

    DIBAL-H (Di-isobutyl aluminum hydride)

    • Reduces esters to aldehydes and is crucial for controlling selectivity in reductions.

    Reduction of Nitriles

    • Nitriles convert to primary amines via catalytic hydrogenation, providing a pathway for ascending aminated series.

    Reduction Conditions

    • Trans alkenes are formed from triple bonds through reduction with sodium in liquid ammonia.

    Iron (Fe)

    • An important reagent in various organic reactions but specific information is not provided in the text.

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    Description

    Test your understanding of the role of AlCl3 in Friedel-Crafts Reaction and Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution (EAS) Alkylation. Learn about the formation of carbocation intermediates and the use of catalysts in these reactions.

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