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Questions and Answers
What was the theme of Van Wyck Brooks’s America’s Coming of Age?
What was the theme of Van Wyck Brooks’s America’s Coming of Age?
What did Van Wyck Brooks and young intellectuals believe about American arts and letters before the European war?
What did Van Wyck Brooks and young intellectuals believe about American arts and letters before the European war?
What did the intellectuals believe about the day of American art and letters during the European war?
What did the intellectuals believe about the day of American art and letters during the European war?
What did the intellectuals announce about American arts and letters before the war?
What did the intellectuals announce about American arts and letters before the war?
What was the aura of the postwar decade reflected in?
What was the aura of the postwar decade reflected in?
What did Afro-Americans call themselves by the end of the war?
What did Afro-Americans call themselves by the end of the war?
What did W. A. Domingo define as the New Negro in Garvey's Negro World?
What did W. A. Domingo define as the New Negro in Garvey's Negro World?
What did the New Negro not accept according to The Messenger magazine?
What did the New Negro not accept according to The Messenger magazine?
What did the New Negro's methods involve according to the text?
What did the New Negro's methods involve according to the text?
In what year did the 15th Infantry Regiment of New York Negroes achieve outstanding records of valor and distinction in combat?
In what year did the 15th Infantry Regiment of New York Negroes achieve outstanding records of valor and distinction in combat?
What did the triumphant return of the 15th Infantry Regiment to New York City signify?
What did the triumphant return of the 15th Infantry Regiment to New York City signify?
According to W. A. Domingo, what did the New Negro focus on?
According to W. A. Domingo, what did the New Negro focus on?
What did Domingo advocate for, rejecting association with capitalism and the bourgeoisie?
What did Domingo advocate for, rejecting association with capitalism and the bourgeoisie?
How did The Negro World define the New Negro?
How did The Negro World define the New Negro?
'The war played a significant role in shaping the New Negro's consciousness and desire for full citizenship' - True or False?
'The war played a significant role in shaping the New Negro's consciousness and desire for full citizenship' - True or False?
What were the methods identified as the rejection of by the New Negro?
What were the methods identified as the rejection of by the New Negro?
What was the name of the 15th Infantry Regiment of New York Negroes also known as?
What was the name of the 15th Infantry Regiment of New York Negroes also known as?
What was advocated for by Domingo according to the text?
What was advocated for by Domingo according to the text?
What was a symbol of progress and freedom from the past for the Negro community?
What was a symbol of progress and freedom from the past for the Negro community?
What was the aim of American public schools in terms of making students American?
What was the aim of American public schools in terms of making students American?
How did Negro schools differ from white schools in terms of cultural heritage?
How did Negro schools differ from white schools in terms of cultural heritage?
Why were Oriental and Jewish children able to preserve their cultural heritage through specialized schools?
Why were Oriental and Jewish children able to preserve their cultural heritage through specialized schools?
What was the impact of American public schools on students' cultural identity?
What was the impact of American public schools on students' cultural identity?
What continued to persist among Negroes in provincial communities despite Western cultural introduction through churches?
What continued to persist among Negroes in provincial communities despite Western cultural introduction through churches?
How was jazz perceived by black intellectuals?
How was jazz perceived by black intellectuals?
What was the vogue of the New Negro primarily intended for?
What was the vogue of the New Negro primarily intended for?
According to the passage, what did achieving professional roles and business ownership represent for the Negro community?
According to the passage, what did achieving professional roles and business ownership represent for the Negro community?
Why were Negro children unable to gain a rich sense of their past or cultural heritage despite the efforts of teachers and schools?
Why were Negro children unable to gain a rich sense of their past or cultural heritage despite the efforts of teachers and schools?
How did American public schools differ in their treatment of Oriental, Jewish, and Negro children's cultural identity?
How did American public schools differ in their treatment of Oriental, Jewish, and Negro children's cultural identity?
What was the primary intention behind the transmission of 'American culture' by white and black schools?
What was the primary intention behind the transmission of 'American culture' by white and black schools?
What was the main focus of 'The New Negro' (1925) edited by Alain Locke?
What was the main focus of 'The New Negro' (1925) edited by Alain Locke?
What did Alain Locke see as shadows perpetuated by both white and black communities?
What did Alain Locke see as shadows perpetuated by both white and black communities?
What did the urbanization and migration of Negroes during this time lead to?
What did the urbanization and migration of Negroes during this time lead to?
What did the new social sciences examine regarding Negro life?
What did the new social sciences examine regarding Negro life?
What was seen as indicators of the readiness of the New Negro to be a self-assertive and free race?
What was seen as indicators of the readiness of the New Negro to be a self-assertive and free race?
Who edited and contributed to 'The New Negro' (1925)?
Who edited and contributed to 'The New Negro' (1925)?
What did Harlem bring together, leading to a shared experience and race-building?
What did Harlem bring together, leading to a shared experience and race-building?
What did intelligent Negroes welcome according to the text?
What did intelligent Negroes welcome according to the text?
According to Alain Locke, what was the transformation among black Americans more than?
According to Alain Locke, what was the transformation among black Americans more than?
'The urbanization and migration of Negroes during this time led to what kind of rejection?'
'The urbanization and migration of Negroes during this time led to what kind of rejection?'
'What did Locke see Harlem as?'
'What did Locke see Harlem as?'
'What was seen as more than sociological by Locke?'
'What was seen as more than sociological by Locke?'
According to Alain Locke, the New Negro was seen as:
According to Alain Locke, the New Negro was seen as:
What did Locke emphasize about the New Negro in American civilization?
What did Locke emphasize about the New Negro in American civilization?
What did Locke consider to be a means for the Negro to express himself?
What did Locke consider to be a means for the Negro to express himself?
How did Americans, including intellectual circles, typically view culture before the New Negro movement?
How did Americans, including intellectual circles, typically view culture before the New Negro movement?
What did Locke believe about African Americans' sense of their cultural past in their education?
What did Locke believe about African Americans' sense of their cultural past in their education?
What did Locke consider to be the consequence of African Americans absorbing the values of the white American world?
What did Locke consider to be the consequence of African Americans absorbing the values of the white American world?
According to Locke, what did the New Negro provide a sense of mission to do?
According to Locke, what did the New Negro provide a sense of mission to do?
'Protective coloring' as mentioned by Locke refers to:
'Protective coloring' as mentioned by Locke refers to:
How did Locke see the talents of African Americans before the New Negro movement?
How did Locke see the talents of African Americans before the New Negro movement?
What was the New Negro movement during the Harlem Renaissance driven in part by?
What was the New Negro movement during the Harlem Renaissance driven in part by?
What metaphor does the New Negro movement imply?
What metaphor does the New Negro movement imply?
In Langston Hughes's poem 'The Negro Speaks of Rivers', what do the rivers represent?
In Langston Hughes's poem 'The Negro Speaks of Rivers', what do the rivers represent?
What contrast does Langston Hughes explore in his poem 'Dream Variations'?
What contrast does Langston Hughes explore in his poem 'Dream Variations'?
What does Hughes's use of black and white contrasts emphasize in his poetry?
What does Hughes's use of black and white contrasts emphasize in his poetry?
What did Alain Locke and others recognize about the artistic self-consciousness of the New Negro movement?
What did Alain Locke and others recognize about the artistic self-consciousness of the New Negro movement?
What was the burden carried by the Harlem Renaissance, including the works of Langston Hughes?
What was the burden carried by the Harlem Renaissance, including the works of Langston Hughes?
'The New Negro Speaks of Rivers' uses rivers as a metaphor for:
'The New Negro Speaks of Rivers' uses rivers as a metaphor for:
What does Langston Hughes identify himself with in his poem 'The Negro Speaks of Rivers'?
What does Langston Hughes identify himself with in his poem 'The Negro Speaks of Rivers'?
What is emphasized by Hughes's use of black and white contrasts in his poetry?
What is emphasized by Hughes's use of black and white contrasts in his poetry?
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Study Notes
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Harlem crowds welcomed home black soldiers with enthusiasm, leading to expectations of permanent respect and equality.
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Racism and violence against Negroes increased during the postwar years, despite these hopes.
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Alain Locke, a Rhodes Scholar and Howard University professor, edited and contributed to "The New Negro" (1925), a volume defining the cultural shift among black Americans.
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Locke believed the Negro's transformation was more than sociological; the old stereotypes were shadows, perpetuated by both white and black communities.
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The urbanization and migration of Negroes during this time led to a rejection of old stereotypes and an insistence on racial integrity and personality.
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Harlem, as the largest Negro community in the world, brought diverse backgrounds and interests together, leading to a shared experience and race-building.
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Locke saw Harlem as a crucial stepping stone for Negro self-determination and group expression.
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The new social sciences were examining the realities of Negro life, and intelligent Negroes welcomed objective evaluation instead of sentimental philanthropy.
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The New Negro's race consciousness and cooperation were indicators of their readiness to be a self-assertive and free race.
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The New Negro movement during the Harlem Renaissance was driven in part by a promotional need to highlight the human and cultural worth of African Americans.
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Alain Locke and others recognized the authenticity of this artistic self-consciousness, which included a sense of urgency for self-assertion and a belief in a culturally enriched past in America and Africa.
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The New Negro metaphor implies some inadequacy in the past, creating a dichotomy between new and old that is merely a convenience of thought.
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The Harlem Renaissance, including the works of Langston Hughes, carried the burden of self-consciousness regarding oppression and black limitation.
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Langston Hughes, a prominent figure of the Harlem Renaissance, wrote about his connection to rivers, which represent the temporal and eternal life, sustain life, and symbolize the black man's persistence.
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Hughes's poem "The Negro Speaks of Rivers" uses rivers as mother waters that have known the black man and black slave throughout history.
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The poet identifies himself with eternal forces and transcends the facts of life and conditions that make the statement necessary, as in many spirituals.
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In his poem "Dream Variations," Hughes explores the contrast between day and night, expressing his desire to dance and whirl in the sun, rest beneath a tall tree, and experience the tenderness of night.
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Hughes's use of black and white contrasts emphasizes the poet's dream of ultimate justice and freedom from the limitations of reality.
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