الاحترافية والتعاطف المتقدم

Professionalism, Advanced Empathy & Mutualization

• Distinguishing Content & Feeling:
  • Content: Details of who, what, when, where, and how.
  • Feelings: Emotional state, varying in intensity.
  • Temporality: Context of the time, e.g., "at this moment."
  • Empty feelings: Statements like "I feel" without naming the emotion.
  • Use first-person reflection (client-focused).
  • Use phrases like: "What you are telling me," "What I am hearing," or "I get the sense that..."
• Reflection of Feelings:
  • Focus on the client (similar to removing judgment from paraphrases).
  • Straightforward Reflections: Identify the feeling without context.
  • Combination Reflections: Connect the feeling to the content.
  • Metaphors (examples for connecting feelings with the content): "What would mom think of the situation?"
• Mutualization:
  • Combining two or more perspectives.
  • Key in family therapy.
  • Importance in creating a shared understanding.
  • Multipartiality vs. neutrality: therapist taking all sides vs. none.
• Pitfalls:
  • Fixing clients (therapist should allow curiosity to work).
  • Being overly eager or reactive.
  • Becoming too central.
  • Moving people away from conflict.
• Goals of Questions:
  • Joining with families (client participation).
  • Gather info.
  • Challenge stories.
  • Encourage participation (even from those not in the room).
  • Discover new perspectives.
  • Ask oneself: What is the purpose of this question?

"Good" vs. "Problematic" Questions

• "Good" Questions:

  • Allow recipient to answer meaningfully.
  • Open-ended, e.g., What, How, When, Why, Did.
  • Closed, but open-ended, e.g., Would, Will, Could, Can.
  • Relational/interactional: Focus on interactions between people.
  • Interventions: Questioning to improve family interaction.
  • Conversational: Clarifying and expanding the story.

• "Problematic" Questions:

  • Combined questions.
  • Excessive length.
  • Questions with built-in answers.
  • Specific questions requiring extremely precise answers.
  • Leading questions implying what the therapist expects.

Takeaways & Discussion Points, Use of Self & Intensity

• Takeaways:
  • Questions shouldn't be used as fillers; they should have a purpose.
  • Questions have unintended consequences; mutualizing & joining is important.
• Use of Self & Intensity:
  • Vocalics (Paralanguage): Pitch, pacing, volume, tempo.
  • Challenges: Encourage clients to think about alternatives to their perspectives or resources.
  • Self-disclosure: Therapist using intentional disclosures.
  • Immediacy: Therapist's emotional response to the client's situation.

Goal Setting & Termination (Important aspects)

• Goal Setting:
  • Well-formed goals (SMART): small, measurable, achievable, relevant, time-bound.
  • Prioritizing goals: focus on the most pressing.
  • Goal setting as a collaborative process.
• Termination: - Goal is to "work ourselves out of a job." - Client or therapist initiative. reasons for both. - Client dependency.

Theories (Basic Intergenerational, Experiential, & Strategic)

• Bowen Family Systems Theory:

  • Problems in relationships stem from differentiation of self.
  • Key concepts: differentiation of self, triangles, nuclear family emotional process, etc.

• Contextual Family Therapy

  • Balancing emotional ledgers
  • Improve relatedness.

Theory of Problem Resolution, Contextual Family Therapy

• Theory of Problem Resolution:
  • Tool for visually mapping the family system.
  • Therapist as a coach.
  • Increasing differentiation & decreasing anxiety
• Contextual Family Therapy:
  • Importance of understanding client's lived experience, psychological dynamics, interpersonal interactions, historical context, and ethical challenges.
  • Dimensions of Reality: (facts, human psychology and transactional exchanges)
  • Importance of relationships and interactions.

Experiential Family Therapies

• Satir Growth Model, Symbolic- Experiential (Whitaker):
  • Self-esteem, communication (importance)
  • Family as a place of shared experiences, true self expressions, and healthy dynamics.

Brief Therapy, MRI Group, Strategic Therapy

• MRI Brief Therapy:
  • Problems are part of an interactional context.
  • Failed solutions are similar solutions.
• Solution-Focused Brief Therapy:
  • Focus on client strengths, abilities, and resources.
  • Generate workable solutions.
  • Focus on future solutions.
• Strategic Family Therapy
  • Symptoms serve a function within the family. -Focus on action and the present, rather than on past issues or insights.

Interactions, Interventions, Termination

• Interactional Questions:
  • Asking questions to understand the interactions between people.
  • Focus on how one person affects another.
  • Exploring how family members view each other's role.
• Interventions (Enactments, Stroke and Kick):
  • Enactments: having family members interact in front of the therapist.
  • Stroke and Kick: Joining and then challenging (to improve or grow).
• Self Disclosures: (Importance in therapy)
• Termination:
  • Client-initiated termination, Forced termination.
  • Reasons, examples and considerations.

Using language, Tone, Pitch

• Vocabulary: Use client-focused words and examples to help therapy.
• Tone: How the words are delivered (calm, angry, etc).
• Pitch: High-low tones (variation) that add to engagement.

Open & Closed Questions, Summarizing

• Open Questions: Questions where the client can answer freely,
  • Examples: What, When, and Why.
• Closed Questions: Questions with specific answers
  • Examples: Would, Will, could, Can.
• Summarizing:
  • Brief summary of the issue cycle (content/feelings/meaning).

يتناول هذا الاختبار موضوع الاحترافية والتعاطف المتقدم في مجال العلاج. يستعرض كيفية التمييز بين المحتوى والمشاعر، ويستكشف تقنيات مثل التأمل المشترك وتطبيقات ذلك في العلاج الأسري. يعد هذا الاختبار بديلاً مفيدًا لفهم كيفية تحقيق فهم مشترك من خلال التعاطف.