09 - Terrorism

What is the approximate translation of the Arabic name 'Al Qaeda'?

The base

When was Al Qaeda founded and where?

1988 in Peshawar, Pakistan

What is the theological orientation of Al Qaeda?

Salafi

What is the name of the current leader of Al Qaeda?

Saif al-Adel Signup and view all the answers

What is Islamism often understood as?

A religio-political ideology based on a selective interpretation of Islamic scripture Signup and view all the answers

When can the origins of modern Islamism be traced back to?

The 19th century Signup and view all the answers

Which country's special forces participated in the joint operation to end the seizure in 1979?

France Signup and view all the answers

What was the main reason behind the rebellion against the PDPA regime in Afghanistan in 1979?

Resentment towards secularization policies Signup and view all the answers

Who was assassinated under the orders of Hafizullah Amin in September 1979?

Nur Muhammad Taraki Signup and view all the answers

Why was Afghanistan important strategically during the Cold War?

It was a buffer state between Britain and Russia Signup and view all the answers

What was the main reason behind the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

How did the US respond to the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan?

By supporting the Afghan resistance through Operation Cyclone Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the loss of Iran from the US orbit in 1979?

It made the US more determined to take action in Afghanistan Signup and view all the answers

What was the name of the US operation to support the Afghan resistance?

Operation Cyclone Signup and view all the answers

Who was the US President during the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979?

Jimmy Carter Signup and view all the answers

What was the concept that guided the US support of the Afghan resistance?

Realpolitik Signup and view all the answers

What event led to the shattering of Pakistan's self-confidence and belief in its military superiority?

The defeat of Pakistan in the 1971 war against India Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary reason for Pakistan's involvement in the Afghan resistance?

To gain strategic depth vis-à-vis India Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the Durand Line?

To serve as a temporary arrangement between Afghanistan and British-ruled India Signup and view all the answers

Who was the military dictator of Pakistan between 1977 and 1988?

General Zia-ul-Haq Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of the Soviet Union's involvement in Afghanistan?

The Soviet Union lost approximately 15,000 soldiers and were drained of their finances Signup and view all the answers

What was the estimated number of Afghan civilian deaths during the Soviet-Afghan War?

Between 500,000 and 2 million Signup and view all the answers

Who were the leaders of Al Qaeda after Abdullah Azzam's death?

Osama bin Laden and Ayman Al-Zawahiri Signup and view all the answers

What was the initial goal of Al Qaeda?

To liberate Afghanistan from Soviet occupation Signup and view all the answers

Why did Osama bin Laden offer his support to the Saudis in 1990?

To help the Saudis defend against an Iraqi invasion Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of Osama bin Laden's offer to the Saudis in 1990?

The Saudis rejected his offer and instead sought American assistance Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary reason for Osama bin Laden's condemnation of the House of Saud?

Their decision to allow US troops to occupy the land of the two holy mosques Signup and view all the answers

Who invited Osama bin Laden to Sudan in 1992?

Hassan al-Turabi, an extremist cleric Signup and view all the answers

What was the consequence of Osama bin Laden's open hostility towards the House of Saud?

His passport was revoked and his family disowned him Signup and view all the answers

Why did the Sudanese government eventually ask Osama bin Laden to leave in 1996?

They could no longer afford to provide him with a safe haven Signup and view all the answers

Where did Osama bin Laden move to after being forced to leave Sudan in 1996?

Afghanistan under the Taliban Signup and view all the answers

What triggered the rise of Islamism in response to the Allied Forces' attacks on the Ottoman Empire?

The Crusades Signup and view all the answers

Who was a significant intellectual figure in the rise of modern Islamism?

Sayyid Qutb Signup and view all the answers

What was the title of Sayyid Qutb's significant work?

Milestones Signup and view all the answers

What did Sayyid Qutb believe was the reason for the Muslim world's predicament?

The contamination of Western influence Signup and view all the answers

What did Qutb urge Muslims to do in response to their plight?

Make war on the ruling elite Signup and view all the answers

What event in 1979 marked the peak of modern Islamism?